Spring Interview Questions and Answers | Spring Tutorial | Spring Framework Training | Edureka

`
https://www.edureka.co/spring-frameworkEDUREKA SPRING FRAMEWORK CERTIFICATION TRAINING

`
• SpringSource was the company
created by the founders of
the Spring Framework.
• SpringSource merged with Covalent
in January 29, 2008.
• SpringSource was purchased for
$420m by VMware in August 2009.
• Spring’s dominance over the past
four years increase as they
monopolize the web framework
market.
Spring Framework in Market

`
Below are the number for job postings for Spring Framework professionals on various job portals as on 18th May 2017
Spring Framework Job Trends
Job Trend In India Job Trend In USA

`
The job posting trend of jobs advertised citing Spring as a proportion of all permanent or
contract IT jobs with a match in the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category
Spring Framework Job Trends

`
Spring General Questions
Spring Dependency
Injection/IoC
Spring Beans
Spring Data Access
Spring AOP
Spring MVC
Spring Annotations
Agenda For Today

`
Spring Interview Questions-General
Que1 : What is a Spring Framework?

`
Que1 : What is a Spring Framework?
• It is a lightweight, loosely coupled and integrated framework
created to address the complexity of enterprise application
development
• Because of its layered architecture, we can be selective
about which of its components to use while also providing a
cohesive framework for J2EE application development.

`
Que2 : List the advantages of Spring Framework?

`
Spring Interview Questions
Que2 : List the advantages of Spring Framework?
• Layered architecture
• Enables POJO Programming
• Dependency Injection and Inversion of Control
• Open source and no vendor lock-in

`
Que3 : What are the features of Spring framework ?

`
1. Light weight
2. Inversion of Control(IoC)
3. Aspect Oriented(AOP)
4. Container
5. MVC Framework
6. Transaction Management
7. JDBC Exception Handling
Que3 : What are the features of Spring framework ?

`
Que4 : How many modules are there in Spring and What are they?

`
Que5 : What is Spring configuration file?

`
Que5 : What is Spring configuration file?
• Spring configuration file is an XML file which
• Contains the classes information
• Describes how classes are configured and introduced to each other

`
Que6 : What are the different components of Spring application?

`
1. An interface that defines the functions.
2. The implementation that contains properties,
its setter and getter methods, functions etc.,
3. Spring AOP
4. The Spring configuration XML file
5. Client program that uses the function
Que6 : What are the different components of Spring application?

`
Que7 : What are the major features in different versions of Spring?

`
Que7 : What are the major features in different versions of Spring?
• Spring 2.5: made annotation driven configuration possible
• Spring 3.0: made great use of java 5 improvements in the language
• Spring 4.0: 1st version to fully support java features

`
Que8 : What are the various ways of using spring?

`
Que8 : What are the various ways of using spring?
1. Full-fledged Spring web app
2. Spring middle-tier provides help of a third-party web framework
3. Remote usage scenario
4. EJB -- Wrapping existing POJOs

`
Spring Interview Questions-DI/IoC
Que1 : What is Spring IOC container?

`
Que1 : What is Spring IOC container?
The Spring IOC :
• Creates the objects
• Wire them together
• Configure them
• Manage their complete lifecycle from creation till destruction
• Uses dependency injection (DI) to manage the components that make up an application.

`
Que2 : What do you mean Dependency Injection?

`
• We don’t create objects but describe how they should be created
• We don't directly connect components and services together in code but describe
which services are needed by which components in a configuration file
• A container (the IOC container) is then responsible for hooking it all up.
Que2 : What do you mean Dependency Injection?

`
Que3 : In how many ways Dependency Injection can be done?

`
Que3 : In how many ways Dependency Injection can be done?
There are three types of dependency injection:
1. Constructor Injection : Dependencies are provided as constructor parameters
2. Setter Injection : Dependencies are assigned through JavaBeans properties (ex: setter methods)
3. Interface Injection: Injection is done through an interface
But only Constructor Injection and Setter Injection are supported in Spring.

`
Que4 : Differentiate between constructor injection and setter injection?

`
Constructor Injection Setter Injection
1. There is no Partial Injection 1. There can be Partial Injection
2. It doesn’t overrides the setter
property
2. It overrides the constructor
property if both are defined
3. It will create new instance if any
modification is done
3. It won’t create new instance if
modification is done
4. It is better for too many properties 4. It is better for few properties
Que4 : Differentiate between constructor injection and setter injection?

`
Que5 : How many types of IOC containers are there in spring?

`
ApplicationContext
IoC
A BeanFactory is like a factory class that
contains a collection of beans. It
instantiates the bean whenever asked for
by clients.
The ApplicationContext interface is built
on top of the BeanFactory interface. It
adds some extra functionality than
BeanFactory
Que5 : How many types of IOC containers are there in spring?
Bean Factory

`
Que6 : Differentiate between BeanFactory and ApplicationContext.

`
Bean Factory Application Context
1. Uses Lazy initialization 1. Uses Eager/Aggressive initialization
2. Explicitly provided a resource object
using the syntax
2. Creates and manages resources
objects on its own
3. Doesn’t supports internationalization 3. Supports internationalization
4. Annotation based dependency
Injection is not supported
4. Annotation based dependency
Injection is supported
Que6 : Differentiate between BeanFactory and ApplicationContext .

`
Que7 : List some of the benefits of IoC?

`
• It minimizes the amount of code in application.
• Makes application easy to test
• Loose coupling is promoted with minimal effort and least intrusive mechanism
• IOC containers support eager instantiation and lazy loading of services.
Que7 : List some of the benefits of IoC?

`
Spring Interview Questions-Beans
Que1 : Explain Spring beans?

`
• The objects that form the backbone of the users application
• It is an object that is instantiated, assembled, and managed by IoC container
• They are created with the configuration metadata
IoC ContainerMetaData Beans
Que1 : Explain Spring beans?

`
Que2 : How configuration metadata is provided to the Spring Container?

`
Configuration
Metadata
XML based
configuration file
Annotation-based
configuration
Java-based
configuration
Que2 : How configuration metadata is provided to the Spring Container?

`
Que3 : How many bean scopes are supported by the Spring ?

`
Singleton Single instance per Spring IoC container
Prototype Single bean definition to have any number of object instances
Request
HTTP request. (only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring
ApplicationContext)
Session HTTP session. (only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring
ApplicationContext)
Global-session Global HTTP session.(only valid in the context of a web-aware
Spring ApplicationContext)
Que3 : How many bean scopes are supported by the Spring ?

`
Que4 : What is the Bean life cycle in Spring Bean Factory Container ?

`
Que5 : Explain inner beans in Spring?

`
public class Student
{
private Person person;
//Setters and Getters
}
public class Person
{
private String name;
private String address;
//Setters and Getters
}
<bean id=“StudentBean" class="com.edureka.Student">
<property name="person">

<bean class="com.edureka.Person">
<property name="name" value=“Scott"></property>
<property name="address" value=“Bangalore"></property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
• When a bean is only used as a property of another bean it becomes an inner bean
• Inner beans are anonymous and are scoped as prototypes.
Student.class Reference of Person.class
Que5 : Explain inner beans in Spring?

`
Que6 : Define bean wiring?

`
• Wiring means Beans are combined together within the Spring container
• While wiring beans, the Spring container needs to know what beans are
required and how the container should use dependency injection to tie
them together.
Spring Container
Spring Beans
Que6 : Define bean wiring?

`
Que7 : What do you understand by auto wiring and name the different modes of it.

`
The Spring container is able to autowire relationships between collaborating beans that automatically
Spring resolves collaborators (other beans) for our bean by inspecting the contents of the BeanFactory.
Que7 : What do you understand by auto wiring and name the different modes of it.
Different modes are :
byNo
byName
byType
constructor
autodetect

`
Que8 : What are the limitations with auto wiring?

`
Overriding possibility
Primitive data types
Confusing nature
Que8 : What are the limitations with auto wiring?

`
Spring Interview Questions-Annotations
Que1: What do you mean by Annotation-based container configuration?

`
• Instead of using XML to describe a bean wiring, the developer moves the
configuration into the component class itself by using annotations on the relevant
class, method, or field declaration.
• It acts as an alternative to XML setups.
@Configuration
public class AnnotationConfig
{
@Bean
public MyDemo myDemo() {
return new MyDemoImpll();
}
}
Que1: What do you mean by Annotation-based container configuration?

`
Que2 : How annotation wiring is turned on?

`
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
<context:annotation-config />
<beans ………… />
………………………
</bean>
</beans>
By default, Annotation wiring is not turned on in the Spring container thus to use
annotation based wiring we must enable it in our Spring configuration file by
configuring <context:annotation-config/> element.
Que2 : How annotation wiring is turned on?

`
Que3 : What’s the difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service annotations in Spring?

`
@Component
@Repository@Service@Controller
Presentation PersistenceService
Generic stereotype and can be
used across application
Used to annotate classes at
presentation layers level like
in Spring MVC.
service layer level
persistence layer that acs as
database repository.
Que3 : What’s the difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service annotations in Spring?

`
Que4 : What do you understand by @Required annotation ?

`
• The @Required annotation is applied to bean property setter methods
• This indicates that at the configuration time affected bean property should be
populated in XML configuration file.
• Otherwise, the container will throw a BeanInitializationException exception.
public class Employee
{
@Required
public void setName(String name)
{ this.name=name; }
public string getName()
{ return name; }
}
Que4 : What do you understand by @Required annotation ?

`
Que5 : What do you understand by @Autowired annotation ?

`
The @Autowired annotation provides more accurate control over where and how autowiring
should be done. The @Autowired annotation is used to autowire bean on the setter methods,
constructor, a property or methods with arbitrary names and/or multiple arguments.
{
@Autowired
{ this.name=name; }
{ return name; }
}
Que5 : What do you understand by @Autowired annotation ?

`
Que6 : What do you understand by @Qualifier annotation ?

`
• In situations like , when you create more than one bean of the same type and want to
wire only one of them with a property you can use the @Qualifier annotation along
with @Autowired to remove the ambiguity by specifying which exact bean should be
wired.
public class EmpAccount
{
private Employee emp;
@Autowired
@Qualifier(emp1)
public void showName()
{
System.out.println(“Employee name : ”+emp.getName);
}
}
{
@Autowired
{ this.name=name; }
{ return name; }
}
Que6 : What do you understand by @Qualifier annotation ?

`
Que7 : What do you understand by @RequestMapping annotation ?

`
• @RequestMapping annotation is used for mapping a particular HTTP request method to a
specific class/method in controller that will be handling the respective request.
• @RequestMapping annotation can be applied at both levels :
o Class level : maps the URL of the request
o Method level: maps the URL as well as HTTP request method
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String welcome()
{
return “Welcome to Edureka”;
}
Que7 : What do you understand by @RequestMapping annotation ?

`
Spring Dependency
Injection/IoC
Spring Bean
Spring Data Access
Spring AOP
Spring MVC
Spring Annotations
Agenda For Today

`
Spring Interview Questions-Data Access
Que1 : Describe Spring DAO support ?

`
• Provides a set of abstract DAO classes which
can be extended.
• Aimed at making it easy to work with data
access technologies like Hibernate, JDBC or
JDO in a consistent way.
• We can easily switch between the persistence
technologies
• Code without worrying about catching
exceptions that are specific to each
technology
Que1 : Describe Spring DAO support ?

`
Que2 : Name the exceptions thrown by the Spring DAO classes ?

`
DataAccessException
InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException
InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException
CleanUpFailureDataAccessException
DataAccessResourceFailureException
DeadLockLoserDataAccessException
OptimisticLockingFailureExceptionDataRetrievalFailureException
UncategorizedDataAccessException
DataIntegrityViolationException
TypeMismatchDataAccessException
IncorrectUpdateSemanticsDataAccessException
ObjectOptimisticLockingFailureException
ObjectRetrievalFailureException
Spring DAO classes throw throws exceptions which are subclasses to org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException
Que2 : Name the exceptions thrown by the Spring DAO classes ?

`
Que3 : What are classes present in spring JDBC API ?

`
JdbcTemplate
SimpleJdbcTemplate
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
SimpleJdbcInsert
SimpleJdbcCall
JDBC API
Que3 : What are classes present in spring JDBC API ?

`
Que4 : In which ways Hibernate can be accessed by using Spring ?

`
There are 2 ways of accessing hibernate by using Spring :
Inversion of Control with a Hibernate Template and Callback
Extending HibernateDAOSupport and Applying an AOP Interceptor node
Que4 : In which way Hibernate can be accessed by using Spring ?

`
Que5 : Name the types of transaction management that Spring supports ?

`
Programmatic transaction
management
Declarative transaction
management
• Transaction is managed with the help
of programming.
• This provides extreme flexibility, but it
is difficult to maintain.
• Transaction management is separated
from the business code.
• Only annotations or XML based
configurations are used to manage
the transactions.
Que5 : Name the types of transaction management that Spring supports ?

`
Que6 : What are the ORM’s supported by Spring?

`
OJB
Que6 : What are the ORM’s supported by Spring?

`
Spring Interview Questions-AOP
Que1: Describe AOP?

`
• Technique which allows the programmers to
modularize crosscutting concerns, or behavior that
cuts across the typical divisions of responsibility.
• The core construct of AOP is the aspect, which
encapsulates behaviors affecting multiple classes
into reusable modules.
Que1: Describe AOP?

`
Que2 : What do you mean by Aspect ?

`
Aspect
Source-method Target-method
Method call
Point Cut
Joint Point
A modularization of a concern that
cuts across multiple objects
Que2 : What do you mean by Aspect ?

`
Que3 : Explain JointPoint?

`
• A point during the execution of a program, such as the execution of a
method or the handling of an exception.
• In Spring AOP, a join point always represents a method execution.
JoinPoints
Method Execution
Que3 : Explain JointPoint?

`
Que4 : What is an Advice ?

`
• Action taken by an aspect at a particular
join point.
• Different types of advice include
• "around,“
• "before"
• "after"
• Many AOP frameworks model an advice as
an interceptor, maintaining a chain of
interceptors "around" the join point.
JointPoints
Method Execution
Advice
Aspect
Que4 : What is an Advice ?

`
1
Que5 : What are the different types of Advices?

`
Before
1
After returning
After throwing
After(finally)
Around
Advice
Que5 : What are the different types of Advices?

`
Que6 : Point out the difference between concern and cross-cutting concern in Spring AOP ?

`
1
Concern Cross-Cutting Concern
It is behaviour we want to have
in a module of an application
It is a concern which is applicable throughout the
application and it will affect the entire application
Que6 : Point out the difference between concern and cross-cutting concern in Spring AOP ?
Cross
cutting
concern
Concern
Module 2 Module 3Module 1 Module 2 Module 3Module 1

`
Que7 : What are the different AOP implementations ?

`
Spring AOP
Apache AspectJ
JBoss AOP
AOP Implementation
Que7 : What are the different AOP implementations ?

`
Que8 : What are the difference between Spring AOP and AspectJ AOP?

`
Spring AOP AspectJ AOP
• Runtime weaving through proxy
• Supports only method level PointCut
• DTD based
• Compile time weaving through AspectJ Java
Tools
• Suports field level Pointcuts
• Schema based and Annotation configuration
Que8 : What are the difference between Spring AOP and AspectJ AOP?

`
Que9 : What do you mean by Proxy?

`
• The object created after applying advice to a target object
• In respect to client objects, the target object and the proxy object are the same
Advice Target Object Proxy
Que9 : What do you mean by Proxy?

`
Que10 : In Spring what is Weaving?

`
• When an aspect is linked with other application types or object to create an advised object, this
process is called Weaving.
• This can be performed at
o compile time
o runtime
o load time
• In spring framework weaving is performed at runtime.
Que10 : In Spring what is Weaving?

`
Spring Interview Questions-MVC
Que1: What do you mean by Spring MVC framework?

`
View
Resolver
DispatcherServlet
Handler
Mapping
Controller
1 32
View
3 4
HTTP
Request
HTTP
Response• Provides model-view-controller
architecture
• Ready to use components that
can be used to develop flexible
and loosely coupled web
applications
• Separates the different aspects
of the application
Que1: What do you mean by Spring MVC framework?

`
Que2 : Describe DispatcherServlet ?

`
• DispatcherServlet handles all
the HTTP requests and
responses
• The Spring Web MVC
framework is designed around
DispatcherServlet
Http Request
DispatcherServlet
Http Request
Que2 : Describe DispatcherServlet ?

`
Que3 : Explain WebApplicationContext.

`
ApplicationContext
WebApplicationContext
• The WebApplicationContext is an extension of
ApplicationContext
• WebApplicationContext has some extra features which are
necessary for web applications.
• It is also capable of resolving themes, and it knows which
servlet it is associated to.
Que3 : Explain WebApplicationContext.

`
Que4 : In Spring MVC framework, what is controller?

`
• Spring controller provides access to
the application behaviour
• User input is interpreted by the
controller and are transformed into
a model which is represented to
the user by the view.
• Spring controller enables to create
a wide variety of controllers
Controller
View
Model
Request
ResponseUser
Que4 : In Spring MVC framework, what is controller?
Browser

`
Agenda For Today
Spring Dependency
Injection/IoC
Spring Beans
Spring Data Access
Spring AOP
Spring MVC
Spring Annotations

Thank You …
Questions/Queries/Feedback

Spring Interview Questions and Answers | Spring Tutorial | Spring Framework Training | Edureka

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to Spring Interview Questions and Answers | Spring Tutorial | Spring Framework Training | Edureka

Similar to Spring Interview Questions and Answers | Spring Tutorial | Spring Framework Training | Edureka (20)

More from Edureka!

More from Edureka! (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Spring Interview Questions and Answers | Spring Tutorial | Spring Framework Training | Edureka