Group 3 conducted a soil lab with 5 members. The experiments included determining water content by oven dried method, sieve analysis, modified proctor test, and specific gravity of soil solids. To determine specific gravity, a pycnometer was filled with dry soil and water, vacuumed to remove air, and weighed. The specific gravity was calculated using a formula that divides the weight of soil by the difference in weight between the pycnometer filled with soil and water, and the pycnometer filled just with water. Specific gravity is an important property used to determine void ratio, porosity, and degree of saturation. The results can help determine the type of soil as sand, silt or clay based on the specific gravity range

1. Group No 3

2. Soil lab
 Members Of The Group:
 1. Umer Faiz (Group leader)
 2.Shehzad Khan
 3.Jawad Khan
 4.Kamran Khan
 5.Jehangir Khan

3. List Of Experiments
 1.Determine the water content by oven dried method
 2.Sieve Analysis test
 3.Determination of Maximum dry density and
moisture content by modified proctor test
 4.To find the specific gravity of soil

4. Exp: Determination of specific gravity of soil
solids
 Definition/purpose: Specific gravity is the ratio
between density of a substance to the density of a
liquid at standard temperature
 Mathematical Formula:
Gs= γliq/γwater

5. Application
 Specific gravity of soil is an important property and
is used to determine
 1. Void ratio
 2.Porosity
 3.Degree of saturation
(If Density and Water content are known)

6. Apparatus
 1. Pycnometer

7. 2. Volumentric Flask

8. 3. Balance

9. 4. Vacum Pump

11. Procedure
 1. Determine and record the weight of a clean
pycnometer (M1)

12.  2. take dry soil sample passed through sieve no 4 in
pycnometer and determine the weight of pycnometer
containing dry soil (M2)

13.  3. Add distilled water to fill about half to ¾ of
pycnometer soak sample for 10 mintues

14.  4. Apply the partial vacum to the contents
For 10 intues to remove the entrapped air

15.  5.Fill the pycnometer with distilled water to the mark
and determine weight of pycnometer and its
contents

16.  6.Empty the pycnometer and then fill with distilled
water upto the mark and determine the weight of
pycnometer and distilled water (M4)

17. Analysis
 Apply the Formula:
Gs = M2 - M1/(M2 - M1) – (M3 - M4)

18. Results
 Soil Type Range of Specific Gravity
 Sand 2.63-2.67
 Silt 2.65-2.70
 Clay/Silt Clay 2.60-2.90

19.  The results thus obtained from the above
experiments can help us to determine the type of the
soil

20. THANK YOU