The document discusses different types of sounds that can be used in movies, including diegetic sounds that characters can hear, non-diegetic sounds they cannot, scores, sound effects, motifs, bridges, flashbacks, voiceovers, contrasting sounds, sound perspective, and ambient sounds. It provides examples and definitions for each type to illustrate how sounds are used to create realism, drama, emotion, and smooth transitions between scenes.

1. SOUND TECHNIQUES
Lucy Scanlon

2. DIEGETIC SOUND
• Sound that can be heard by the characters within a
scene/ sound part of the imaginary world. Can include:
voices of characters, sounds make by objects in the story,
music coming from the scene e.g an instrument played.
• Can be on screen or off screen depending on whether the
source is in or out the frame.
• Example: (starting at 0:51)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXinIav-BeU

3. NON-DIEGETIC SOUND
• Sound that characters cannot hear and is not
part of the imaginary world.
• Includes musical soundtrack and sometimes
a voiceover.
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tJoIaX
Z0rw

4. SCORE
• The musical component of a movies soundtrack.
• Usually composed specifically for a scene.
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTC_A6Fpcc
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• This creates a mood for the scenes. Gets the
audience more emotionally invested into the plot.

5. SOUND EFFECTS
• Sounds that have been added to the movie in
the post-production stage.
• Example: In this example the sounds of the
spells being cast has been added, as well as
the shattering of glass. This makes it more
realistic.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URbvT

6. SOUND MOTIF
• A sound effect or combination of sound effects that are
associated with a particular character, setting or idea.
• Dramatises the character, setting or idea.
• Example (2:00)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsJ1SmAD55Y this sound
effect is played every time the dark mark appears in the sky.
This adds an eery tone and helps the audience connect it to
previous films, therefore linking the story together more fluidly.
Within this short clip the sound effect is played three times,
every time you see the mark.

7. SOUND BRIDGE
• Can lead in or out of a scene.
• When the sound from the previous scene
carries on into the next scene.
• Creates a smoother transition between scenes.
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJZ-

8. SONIC FLASHBACK
• A technique that uses sound from an earlier scene in
the film in a later scene.
• Characters are present but they are hearing a voice or
action from a previous time in their head.
• Often uses for realisations
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhvqTSzt2LQ

9. VOICEOVER
• When a voice, often that of a character, is heard
while we see a shot with the character not
actually speaking.
• Usually used to narrate an event told in a
flashback.
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C__MxNys

10. CONTRAPUNTAL
• Where the sound or music used contrasts to the
clip used.
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=irlsI0PDdm
c
• Although this song has an eery feel to it, usually
dark deep sound is used to create tension.

11. SOUND PERSPECTIVE
• The sense of a sounds position in space, yielded by
volume and pitch.
• Creates a more realistic sense of space or setting with
event happening closer or further away.
• Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDdqifhua8k
The example in this clip is the dog running away and
the distance sound of the zombies.

12. AMBIENT SOUND
• The background sounds present in the scene or location.
• Common sounds: wind, rain, crowds, office noises,
traffic.
• Provides audio continuity throughout the scenes.
• Example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=159twS-
rDM4 In this example you can hear howling wind and a
crackling fire.