WHAT IS A SENTENCE?
• SENTENCES HAVE SEVERAL BASIC COMPONENTS.
• THEY ALWAYS START WITH CAPITAL LETTERS AND END WITH PUNCTUATIONMARKS…BUT THAT’S EASY.
• THEY ALSO ALWAYS, REPEAT ALWAYS, HAVE A SUBJECT AND A VERB.
• FINALLY SENTENCES EXPRESS COMPLETE THOUGHTS.
FRAGMENTS
• SENTENCES THAT ARE MISSING EITHER A SUBJECT OR A VERB ARE CONSIDERED FRAGMENTS.
• EXAMPLE:
• RAN IN TO TOWN.
• THE GROWING DOG.
• HOW CAN WE FIX THESE TWO EXAMPLES?
FRAGMENTS CONTINUED
• UNFORTUNATELY, THERE IS A BIT MORE TO IT THAN SIMPLY MISSING A SUBJECT OR A VERB.
• YOU CAN HAVE A GROUP OF WORDS WITH A SUBJECT AND A VERB THAT ISSTILL A FRAGMENT.
• PHRASES
• CLAUSES
PHRASES
• PHRASES ARE SIMPLY A GROUP OF WORDS.
• COMMON PHRASES INCLUDE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES.
• THE BOX RULE
• PHRASES ARE EASY.
CLAUSES
• CLAUSES ARE MORE COMPLICATED.
• A CLAUSE IS A GROUP OF WORDS WITH A SUBJECT AND A VERB.
• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF CLAUSES:
• INDEPENDENT CLAUSE = ONE THAT CAN STAND ALONE AND EXPRESS A COMPLETE THOUGHT.
• DEPENDENT CLAUSE = ONE THAT DEPENDS ON ANOTHER PART OF THE SENTENCE TO COMPLETE ITS MEANING.
MORE ABOUT CLAUSES
• JUST TO MAKE THINGS MORE DIFFICULT, CLAUSES CAN GO BY DIFFERENTNAMES:
• INDEPENDENT CLAUSE = MAIN CLAUSE
• DEPENDENT CLAUSE = SUBORDINATE CLAUSE
CLAUSE PRACTICE
• IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF CLAUSE THAT EXISTS IN EACH EXAMPLE:
• I SIT
• IN FRONT OF THE FIREPLACE
• WHEN IT IS COLD
• CAN YOU PUT ALL OF THOSE TOGETHER INTO ONE SENTENCE THAT MAKES SENSE?
REVIEW
• WHAT IS A FRAGMENT?
• WHAT ARE THE TWO NAMES FOR GROUPS OF WORDS?
• WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO TYPES OF GROUPS?
RUN-ON SENTENCES
• RUN-ON SENTENCES ARE BASICALLY THE OPPOSITE OF SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
• THEY DO NOT LACK A SUBJECT, VERB, OR A CLAUSE TO COMPLETE THE THOUGHT…
• INSTEAD, RUN-ON SENTENCES HAVE TOO MANY AND CAN CONFUSE MEANING.
RUN-ON EXAMPLE
• WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE TWO SENTENCES:
• I SAW A TEACHER WHO CARES?
• I SAW A TEACHER. WHO CARES?
RUN-ON SENTENCES
• THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS TO FIX RUN-ON SENTENCES DEPENDING ON THE INTENDED MEANING.
• THE FIRST, AND MOST SIMPLE WAY IS TO SIMPLY BREAK THE RUN-ON SENTENCE INTO SMALLER SENTENCES.
• OTHER WAYS TO FIX RUN-ON SENTENCES INCLUDE:
• COMBINING THE SENTENCES INTO A COMPOUND OR COMPLEX SENTENCE.
• COMMAS
• CONJUNCTIONS
• SEMICOLON
RUN-ON PRACTICE
• FIX THESE SENTENCES:
• I WALK TO SCHOOL MOM TAKES THE BUS TO WORK.
• LAURA LOVED TRAVELING IN ITALY SHE FELT ROME WAS TOO HOT.
• THE GIRLS PLAYED BASKETBALL THE BOYS PLAYED TENNIS.
• MOTHER’S DAY IS ALWAYS ON A SUNDAY THANKSGIVINGIS ALWAYS ON A THURSDAY.
REMEMBER
• SENTENCES MUST EXPRESS AT LEAST ONE COMPLETE THOUGHT.
• PHRASES ARE GROUPS OF WORDS.
• CLAUSES ARE GROUPS OF WORDS WITH SUBJECTS AND VERBS.
• FRAGMENTS ARE MISSING SOMETHING.
• RUN-ON SENTENCES HAVE TOO MANY THOUGHTS IN A SINGLE SENTENCE.

Solving Sentence Problems

  • 2.
    WHAT IS ASENTENCE? • SENTENCES HAVE SEVERAL BASIC COMPONENTS. • THEY ALWAYS START WITH CAPITAL LETTERS AND END WITH PUNCTUATIONMARKS…BUT THAT’S EASY. • THEY ALSO ALWAYS, REPEAT ALWAYS, HAVE A SUBJECT AND A VERB. • FINALLY SENTENCES EXPRESS COMPLETE THOUGHTS.
  • 4.
    FRAGMENTS • SENTENCES THATARE MISSING EITHER A SUBJECT OR A VERB ARE CONSIDERED FRAGMENTS. • EXAMPLE: • RAN IN TO TOWN. • THE GROWING DOG. • HOW CAN WE FIX THESE TWO EXAMPLES?
  • 5.
    FRAGMENTS CONTINUED • UNFORTUNATELY,THERE IS A BIT MORE TO IT THAN SIMPLY MISSING A SUBJECT OR A VERB. • YOU CAN HAVE A GROUP OF WORDS WITH A SUBJECT AND A VERB THAT ISSTILL A FRAGMENT. • PHRASES • CLAUSES
  • 6.
    PHRASES • PHRASES ARESIMPLY A GROUP OF WORDS. • COMMON PHRASES INCLUDE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES. • THE BOX RULE • PHRASES ARE EASY.
  • 7.
    CLAUSES • CLAUSES AREMORE COMPLICATED. • A CLAUSE IS A GROUP OF WORDS WITH A SUBJECT AND A VERB. • THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF CLAUSES: • INDEPENDENT CLAUSE = ONE THAT CAN STAND ALONE AND EXPRESS A COMPLETE THOUGHT. • DEPENDENT CLAUSE = ONE THAT DEPENDS ON ANOTHER PART OF THE SENTENCE TO COMPLETE ITS MEANING.
  • 8.
    MORE ABOUT CLAUSES •JUST TO MAKE THINGS MORE DIFFICULT, CLAUSES CAN GO BY DIFFERENTNAMES: • INDEPENDENT CLAUSE = MAIN CLAUSE • DEPENDENT CLAUSE = SUBORDINATE CLAUSE
  • 9.
    CLAUSE PRACTICE • IDENTIFYTHE TYPE OF CLAUSE THAT EXISTS IN EACH EXAMPLE: • I SIT • IN FRONT OF THE FIREPLACE • WHEN IT IS COLD • CAN YOU PUT ALL OF THOSE TOGETHER INTO ONE SENTENCE THAT MAKES SENSE?
  • 10.
    REVIEW • WHAT ISA FRAGMENT? • WHAT ARE THE TWO NAMES FOR GROUPS OF WORDS? • WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO TYPES OF GROUPS?
  • 11.
    RUN-ON SENTENCES • RUN-ONSENTENCES ARE BASICALLY THE OPPOSITE OF SENTENCE FRAGMENTS • THEY DO NOT LACK A SUBJECT, VERB, OR A CLAUSE TO COMPLETE THE THOUGHT… • INSTEAD, RUN-ON SENTENCES HAVE TOO MANY AND CAN CONFUSE MEANING.
  • 12.
    RUN-ON EXAMPLE • WHAT’STHE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE TWO SENTENCES: • I SAW A TEACHER WHO CARES? • I SAW A TEACHER. WHO CARES?
  • 13.
    RUN-ON SENTENCES • THEREARE SEVERAL WAYS TO FIX RUN-ON SENTENCES DEPENDING ON THE INTENDED MEANING. • THE FIRST, AND MOST SIMPLE WAY IS TO SIMPLY BREAK THE RUN-ON SENTENCE INTO SMALLER SENTENCES. • OTHER WAYS TO FIX RUN-ON SENTENCES INCLUDE: • COMBINING THE SENTENCES INTO A COMPOUND OR COMPLEX SENTENCE. • COMMAS • CONJUNCTIONS • SEMICOLON
  • 14.
    RUN-ON PRACTICE • FIXTHESE SENTENCES: • I WALK TO SCHOOL MOM TAKES THE BUS TO WORK. • LAURA LOVED TRAVELING IN ITALY SHE FELT ROME WAS TOO HOT. • THE GIRLS PLAYED BASKETBALL THE BOYS PLAYED TENNIS. • MOTHER’S DAY IS ALWAYS ON A SUNDAY THANKSGIVINGIS ALWAYS ON A THURSDAY.
  • 15.
    REMEMBER • SENTENCES MUSTEXPRESS AT LEAST ONE COMPLETE THOUGHT. • PHRASES ARE GROUPS OF WORDS. • CLAUSES ARE GROUPS OF WORDS WITH SUBJECTS AND VERBS. • FRAGMENTS ARE MISSING SOMETHING. • RUN-ON SENTENCES HAVE TOO MANY THOUGHTS IN A SINGLE SENTENCE.