The document discusses software development processes. It defines software and the need for software engineering. It describes the characteristics of good software and different types of software. It then explains that a software process framework establishes foundational activities for software projects and includes umbrella activities. Process models provide specific guidance on how to conduct the framework activities and actions.

1. Prof. Shinde B.B.
Unit-1
Software Development Process

2. Contents…
 Software
 Characteristics of Software
 Software Engineering
 Need for Software Engineering
 Types of Software
 Software Engineering: As Layered technology
approach
 Software Development Process
 Software Process framework
 Process models

3. Software
 Software is set of instruction, when executed perform certain
task as per user requirements.
 is a set of instructions or programs instructing a computer to
do specific tasks
 Software is also defines as ,”combination of
program(Computer program),documentation and operating
procedures.”
 Each software consist of some good attributes. These
attributes decide whether software is quality or not.
 Attributes likeFunctinality,integrity,maintainbility,
dependability, efficiency ,portability,realiability,usability
,robustness.

4. Characteristics of good software
 A software product can be judged by what it offers
and how well it can be used. This software must
satisfy on the following grounds:
 Operational-
Budget,Usability,Efficiency,Correctness,Functionality,
Dependability,Security,Safety
 Transitional-
Portability,Interoperability,Reusability,Adaptability
 Maintenance-Modularity,
Maintainability,Flexibility,Scalability

5. Main Characteristics of Software
 Software is developed or engineered : it is not
manufactured In the classical sense.
 Software dose not wear out.
 Most software is custom built, rather than being
assembled from existing components.

6.  Software engineering is the process of analyzing user
needs and designing, constructing, and testing end user
applications that will satisfy these needs through the
use of software programming languages.
 The application of asystematic,disciplined,quantifiable
approach to the development, operation and
maintenance of software; that is, the application
of engineering to software.
 It is the application of engineering principles
to software development.

7. Need of Software Engineering
 The need of software engineering arises because of higher rate
of change in user requirements and environment on which the
software is working.
 Large software - It is easier to build a wall than to a house or
building, likewise, as the size of software become large
engineering has to step to give it a scientific process.
 Scalability- If the software process were not based on scientific
and engineering concepts, it would be easier to re-create new
software than to scale an existing one.
 Cost- As hardware industry has shown its skills and huge
manufacturing has lower down he price of computer and
electronic hardware. But the cost of software remains high if
proper process is not adapted.
 Dynamic Nature- The always growing and adapting nature of
software hugely depends upon the environment in which user
works. If the nature of software is always changing, new
enhancements need to be done in the existing one. This is
where software engineering plays a good role.

8. Types of Software
 System Software
 Application Software
 Embedded software
 Real-time Software
 Product-line software
 Engineering/Scientific Software
 Web-based s/w
 Artificial Intelligence s/w

10.  The quality focus is basis of software engineering
.
 Process layer is foundation layer for software
engineering.
 Process defines a framework for a set of Key
Process Areas.
 A process framework is collection of software
development activities.
 In Software engineering methods provide the
technical knowledge for building software.it
consist of a broad collection of task such as
Communication, requirement analysis ,design
,coding ,testing and support.
 In Software engineering tools provide automated

11. Software Development
Framework
 computer programming, a software framework is
an abstraction in which software providing generic
functionality can be selectively changed by
additional user-written code, thus providing
application-specific software.
 A software framework provides a standard way to
build and deploy applications.

12. Process Frame Work
 A process framework establishes the foundation
for a complete software process.
 identifying a small number of framework activities
that are applicable to all software projects,
regardless of size or complexity.
 It also includes a set of umbrella activities that are
applicable across the entire software process.
 General Process Framework contains
Activity,Action,Task

13. A software Process Framework

14. Software process
Process framework
Umbrella activities
Framework activity #1
Software Engineering
action
 Each framework activity is populated by a set of
S/W eng. actions – a collection of related tasks
that produces a major S/W eng work product
(design is a S/W eng action).
 Each action is populated with individual work
tasks that accomplish some part of the work

15. Generic Process Activities
 Communication: involves heavy communication with
the customer (and other stakeholders) and
encompasses requirements gathering.
 Planning: Describes the technical tasks to be
conducted, the risks that are likely, resources that will
be required, the work products to be produced and a
work schedule.
 Modeling(Analyze and Design): encompasses the
creation of models that allow the developer and
customer to better understand S/W req. and the
design that will achieve those req.
 Construction: combines code generation and the
testing required uncovering errors in the code.
 Deployment: deliver the product to the customer who
evaluates the delivered product and provides

16. S/W eng is complemented by a
number of umbrella activities.
 S/W project tracking and control: allows the team to assess
progress against the project plan and take necessary action
to maintain schedule.
 Risk Management: Assesses the risks that may affect the
outcome of the project or the quality.
 Software quality assurance: defines and conducts the
activities required to ensure software quality.
 Formal Technical Review: uncover and remove errors
before they propagate to the next action.
 Measurement: defines and collects process, project, and
product measures that assist the team in delivering S/W that
meets customers’ needs.
 Software configuration management: Manages the effect
of change throughout the S/W process
 Reusability management: defines criteria for work product
reuse.

17. Process Model
 What is Process Model?