Sociology can inform engineering in several ways:
1. It helps engineers design user-centered technologies by understanding human behavior and needs.
2. Sociologists can help engineers anticipate social and ethical impacts of new technologies.
3. Interdisciplinary collaboration between sociologists and engineers can help solve complex problems.
4. Sociologists assist engineers in public engagement to ensure transparent and inclusive technology development.
5. Understanding the social context using sociology reduces risks of unintended consequences of new technologies.
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sociology is a science of society, which according to Peter BERGER is a consciousness. Which tries to make sense in the senseless situation. Simple a subject which is the voice of voiceless.
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sociology is a science of society, which according to Peter BERGER is a consciousness. Which tries to make sense in the senseless situation. Simple a subject which is the voice of voiceless.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
1. Mohammed Rakibul
Hasan
BSS (Hon’s) MSS
(Thesis)
Major in Economics
Department of
Economics
University of
Chittagong
• Subject: Social Science and Accounting
• Subject Code: HUM 4301
• Credit: 2.00
• 2 hours/week
2. Introduction
The word sociology was introduced by Auguste Comte- French Philosopher in 1839.
He is considered as a father of sociology.
Sociology is the youngest of all the social sciences.
The word sociology is derived from the Latin word “Societus” which means ‘society’
and the Greek word ‘LOGOS’, means “Science or study or advanced study”.
Thus, sociology means basically science of society. It is, thus, a web of human
interactions and inter-relations.
3. Definition
As Auguste Comte said, Sociology is the science of social phenomena ‘subject to natural and invariable laws, the discovery
of which is the object of investigation’.
According to L.F. Ward, Sociology is the science of society or of science of phenomena.
Ginsberg says, Sociology is the study of human interaction and interrelation of their conditions and consequences.
Ogburn and Nimkoff says, Sociology as the study of social life.
Kimball young says, sociology deals with the behavior of men in groups.
Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior. Sociologists
investigate the structure of groups, organizations, and societies, and how people interact within these contexts.
Examples of sociology could include studying the relationship between culture and society, examining social movements,
or researching how communication affects human behavior. Sociology can be divided into several subfields, including
criminology, political science, social work, sociology of health and illness, gender studies, and race/ethnicity studies
4. Subject Matter
of Sociology
Sociology is
The study of society
The science of social life
The study of social relationships
The study of human behavior in groups
The study of forms of social relationships
The study of social action
The study of social groups and social
systems
5. The Relationship Between Sociology And Engineering
The relationship between sociology and engineering is one of complementarity, where each field can
benefit from the insights and perspectives of the other. Engineering deals with the design,
development, and deployment of technologies, while sociology focuses on the study of human
society, including how individuals and groups interact and how they are affected by social, cultural,
and economic structures.
By combining their knowledge, engineers can design technologies that take into account the needs
and values of society, leading to more socially responsible and sustainable outcomes. Sociologists, in
turn, can use engineering to study and understand the impact of technological advancements on
human behavior, culture, and social structures. In short, the relationship between sociology and
engineering can lead to the creation of better technologies and a deeper understanding of the societal
implications of technological innovations.
6. Importance Of Sociology In Engineering
Sociology plays a crucial role in engineering as it provides engineers with a broader perspective on the social and cultural
context in which their designs and technologies will be used. A few keyways in which sociology can inform engineering are:
1. User-centered design: By studying the behaviors, beliefs, and values of people and communities, engineers can design
technologies that are more in line with the needs and preferences of users. This leads to designs that are more culturally
sensitive and have a greater likelihood of being adopted and used effectively.
2. Anticipating social and ethical impacts: Sociologists can help engineers anticipate and address potential ethical and
social impacts of their work, such as privacy concerns, unequal distribution of benefits and harms, or unintended
consequences of technological innovations. This leads to more equitable and sustainable outcomes.
3. Interdisciplinary collaboration: Sociologists and engineers can collaborate to tackle complex social and technological
problems, such as improving access to healthcare in rural areas, reducing energy consumption, or mitigating the
environmental impact of industrial activities.
4. Public engagement: Sociologists can assist engineers in engaging with stakeholders, including policy makers,
advocacy groups, and the public, to ensure that the design and deployment of new technologies is done in a transparent
and inclusive manner.
5. Understanding the social context: Engineers can use sociological insights to understand the social context in which
their technologies will be used, including cultural norms, values, and practices. This helps them design technologies that
are more responsive to the needs of diverse communities and reduces the risk of unintended consequences.
Overall, incorporating sociological perspectives into engineering practices leads to the creation of technologies that are more
socially responsible, culturally sensitive, and sustainable.
7. Nature Of Sociology
• (i) Sociology is an independent science: It is not treated and studied as a branch of any other
science. As an independent science, it has its own field of study, boundary and method.
• (ii) Sociology is a social science and not a physical science: As a social science, it focuses its
attention on man, his social behavior, social activities and social life. It is related to other social
sciences such as history, political science, economics, and so on.
• (iii) Sociology is a categorical and not a normative discipline: Sociology does not make any kind of
value judgments. Its approach is neither moral nor immoral but amoral. It is ethically neutral. It
makes no recommendations on matters of social policy or legislation or programme. Sociology
cannot deal with problems of good and evil, right and wrong, moral and immoral.
• (iv) Sociology is a pure science and not an applied science: The main aim of pure science is
acquisition of knowledge, irrespective of whether the acquired knowledge is useful or can be put to
use. On the other hand, applied science applies acquired knowledge into life.
• (v) Sociology is relatively abstract and not concrete science: It is not interested in concrete
manifestation of human events. It is more concerned with the form of human events and their
patterns. For instance, sociology is not specifically concerned with wars and revolutions but in the
general social phenomena, as types of social conflict.
8. Cont.…
• (vi) Sociology is not based on particular subjects or individuals but is a general science:
Sociology tries to find out general laws or principles about human interaction and
associations about the nature, forms, and content and structure of human groups and
societies. It adopts a general approach on the basis of a study of some selected events.
• (vii) Sociology is a rational and empirical science: There are two broad ways of approach
to scientific knowledge: one is empiricism, and the other is rationalism. Empiricism
emphasizes experiences and facts that result from observation and experiment.
Rationalism stresses on reason and theories that result from logical inference. In
sociological inquiry, both are significant.