Abstract
Political campaigns are synonymous with political and electoral violence in Nigeria and
Taraba State in particular. The 2019 general elections came with a character of its own in
the context of prevailing political dynamics and the security atmosphere exacerbated by
kidnappings, farmers/herders conflicts, rising youth restiveness and political thuggery in
the State. This paper examines the links between political campaigns and electoral
violence. The paper further argues that political parties lack ideologies and manifestoes
which make candidates to base their campaigns on primordial sentiments of region,
religion and ethnicity as core campaign factors rather than issue-based approach. Lack of
ideologies and manifestoes are identified as being responsible for electoral violence or the
use of political thugs, ethnic militia, INEC officials and manipulation of security agencies
by the political gladiators during political campaigns and elections to capture power. The
methodology adopted in gathering data was survey while data analysis was qualitative.
Both primary and secondary sources of data were used. Findings reveal that most cases of
political violence emanate from the electoral process, particularly political campaigns.
The problem was more pronounced in the 2019 election in Taraba State. The study reveals
that the major causes of the phenomenon include ethno-religious and regional issues
exacerbated by voter illiteracy, unhealthy campaign slogans and utterances, intimidation,
among others. The paper therefore recommends that for electoral violence to be eschewed
in our politics, political parties must be ideological and articulated in their manifestoes,
campaigns of issue-based, respect for the provision on campaigns as contained in the
Electoral Act 2010, punishment of electoral offenders and banning of political thuggery
in the electoral process.
FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward (CGPA Policy Brief, October 2...fatanews
Urdu version available at: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/fata-governance-reforms-issues-and-way-forward-urdu-cgpa-policy-brief-october-2014 --- CGPA policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). A timely report when the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
Abstract
Political campaigns are synonymous with political and electoral violence in Nigeria and
Taraba State in particular. The 2019 general elections came with a character of its own in
the context of prevailing political dynamics and the security atmosphere exacerbated by
kidnappings, farmers/herders conflicts, rising youth restiveness and political thuggery in
the State. This paper examines the links between political campaigns and electoral
violence. The paper further argues that political parties lack ideologies and manifestoes
which make candidates to base their campaigns on primordial sentiments of region,
religion and ethnicity as core campaign factors rather than issue-based approach. Lack of
ideologies and manifestoes are identified as being responsible for electoral violence or the
use of political thugs, ethnic militia, INEC officials and manipulation of security agencies
by the political gladiators during political campaigns and elections to capture power. The
methodology adopted in gathering data was survey while data analysis was qualitative.
Both primary and secondary sources of data were used. Findings reveal that most cases of
political violence emanate from the electoral process, particularly political campaigns.
The problem was more pronounced in the 2019 election in Taraba State. The study reveals
that the major causes of the phenomenon include ethno-religious and regional issues
exacerbated by voter illiteracy, unhealthy campaign slogans and utterances, intimidation,
among others. The paper therefore recommends that for electoral violence to be eschewed
in our politics, political parties must be ideological and articulated in their manifestoes,
campaigns of issue-based, respect for the provision on campaigns as contained in the
Electoral Act 2010, punishment of electoral offenders and banning of political thuggery
in the electoral process.
FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward (CGPA Policy Brief, October 2...fatanews
Urdu version available at: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/fata-governance-reforms-issues-and-way-forward-urdu-cgpa-policy-brief-october-2014 --- CGPA policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). A timely report when the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
Pakistan travel noc factsheet for kp and fatafatanews
This is the factsheet of the NOCs submitted for travel to KP and FATA during the months from October to December 2013.
A total of 136 applications were submitted by 10 INGOs, 7 UN agencies, and 1 NNGO. 74% of the applications were approved and 19% were refused, which is higher than 7% of the previous quarter.
The official processing time for travel NOC in KP and FATA is 7 days, but this factsheet presents the average processing time for FATA NOC to be 9 days, and for KP NOC 9 days.
Considerable variations were observed, with FATA NOC being processing over a range of 1-76 days and KP NOC over a range of 1-68 days.
Eleven correspondents of Pakistani newspapers from all over Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA have spent two weeks in Peshawar practising their reporting skills in preparation for Pakistan’s upcoming general election. This may take place in May, 2013. They worked in groups and researched about information for specific areas. This is one is about Pakistan's Tribal Areas.
Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan Tribal Areas (Nov 2014 Report)fatanews
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | As Printed in the November 2014 Report: FATA Faces FATA Voices.
Shackled for more than one hundred years under an outdated British law, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan has been plagued by instability extending well beyond its colonial-era border with Afghanistan. Excluded from essential provisions of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the tribal areas are administered through a legal and administrative regulation known as the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR), originally imposed in 1901. No act of the Parliament of Pakistan applies to FATA unless extended by special orders from the President of Pakistan. Furthermore and despite the continuous struggle of the people there, FATA enjoys no elected representation at local or provincial levels, and until 1996 tribal citizens had no universal voting rights in elections for the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | Reports and Photographs from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan.
Published in November 2014, the report features photos taken by young photographers from FATA, examples of everyday life in Mohmand, Khyber, Kurram and South Waziristan agencies. Images of the iconic Khyber Pass and many towns along the border with Afghanistan lend a real-life dimension to this largely unknown, and often ignored or misrepresented region of Pakistan. In a part of the world where photography is uncommon, these photographs depict subtle interactions of FATA citizens at work, at school and during informal moments throughout the tribal areas.
The report text, entitled "The Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan's Tribal Areas" describes the history and trajectory of reform demands made by Pakistani citizens, civil society groups and the people of FATA. Also included are quotes from citizens and political leaders, collected to show opinions and visions for the future of FATA. Voices included demonstrate a strong desire for equal rights and equal participation in the context of Pakistan's evolving democracy.
For those who know the tribal areas well, this report may serve as a reminder of the great number of Pakistanis working for a brighter future for FATA. For those previously not aware of the political activities in FATA, the report may provide a new and unique glimpse at the diverse richness of the culture and people in Pakistan's tribal areas.
The 75 photographs were carefully selected from over 1,000 that were submitted for review. All are from young photographers between the ages of 17 and 30, from varied socio-economic backgrounds in FATA. Without their efforts and talent, the report would not have been possible. Many thanks to the photographers--and those featured in their work--for the privilege of sharing these images and the stories they tell.
Photographers: Alimgir Khan, Ammad Ahmed Khan, Azmatullah, Faryal Mohmmand, Faisal Khan, Huma Gul, Irfan Ali, Jebran Yousefzia, Rizwan Bhittani, Rohida, Saba Rehman, Sara Qayum, Seema Gul and Shah Jehan.
Local Government in FATA: Failures, Challenges, Prospects (FATA Research Cent...fatanews
ISLAMABAD, April 22, 2014: The tribal people demanded immediate extension of local governments system to tribal territories to mainstream the Federally Administered Tribal Areas both politically and socially with rest of the country.
This was the crux of a Study Report titled "Local Government in FATA: Past Failures, Current Challenges and Future Prospects" launched by Islamabad-based think tank - FATA Research Center - at a local hotel here on Tuesday.
The report is prepared after conducting extensive surveys, interviews and round tables conferences with different stakeholders including tribal people, elders, political and legal experts, academia, media men and government officials.
Speaking at a launching ceremony as a chief guest, Federal Minister for State and Frontier Regions (SAFRON) Lt Gen (R) Qadir Baloch, said the findings of the report are manifesting the fact that tribal people are politically aware and demanding participation in affairs of the state through democratically elected bodies.
The minister elaborated that we haven't decided yet about the date of conducting local bodies elections in entire of Pakistan and will introduce the local government system in FATA before its elections.
Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division...ijtsrd
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Anglophone crisis on the mental health of teachers in Bui Division, North West Region of Cameroon. The study employed a cross sectional survey research design using an explanatory sequential mixed method. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaire while focus group discussions guide was used to collect qualitative data. Questionnaire were filled by 163 teachers, selected using simple random sampling technique while 18 teachers were purposefully selected for the qualitive data. The data were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS version 23.0 for windows where descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean scores and standard deviation were gotten. Equally SPSS was also used for regression analysis and tested the effects between the independent and dependent variables. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis method. The findings showed that terrorism had negative effects on the health outcomes or mental health of teachers in Bui Division from both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Therefore, the study recommends that there should be investment in mental health which will help to strengthen mental health of affected communities, providing counselling services and sustainable care options. Dr. Foncham Paul Babila | Dr. Azinwi Terence Niba "Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division North West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63510.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/63510/effects-of-anglophone-crisis-on-the-mental-health-of-teachers-in-bui-division-north-west-region-of-cameroon/dr-foncham-paul-babila
Pakistan travel noc factsheet for kp and fatafatanews
This is the factsheet of the NOCs submitted for travel to KP and FATA during the months from October to December 2013.
A total of 136 applications were submitted by 10 INGOs, 7 UN agencies, and 1 NNGO. 74% of the applications were approved and 19% were refused, which is higher than 7% of the previous quarter.
The official processing time for travel NOC in KP and FATA is 7 days, but this factsheet presents the average processing time for FATA NOC to be 9 days, and for KP NOC 9 days.
Considerable variations were observed, with FATA NOC being processing over a range of 1-76 days and KP NOC over a range of 1-68 days.
Eleven correspondents of Pakistani newspapers from all over Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA have spent two weeks in Peshawar practising their reporting skills in preparation for Pakistan’s upcoming general election. This may take place in May, 2013. They worked in groups and researched about information for specific areas. This is one is about Pakistan's Tribal Areas.
Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan Tribal Areas (Nov 2014 Report)fatanews
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | As Printed in the November 2014 Report: FATA Faces FATA Voices.
Shackled for more than one hundred years under an outdated British law, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan has been plagued by instability extending well beyond its colonial-era border with Afghanistan. Excluded from essential provisions of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the tribal areas are administered through a legal and administrative regulation known as the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR), originally imposed in 1901. No act of the Parliament of Pakistan applies to FATA unless extended by special orders from the President of Pakistan. Furthermore and despite the continuous struggle of the people there, FATA enjoys no elected representation at local or provincial levels, and until 1996 tribal citizens had no universal voting rights in elections for the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | Reports and Photographs from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan.
Published in November 2014, the report features photos taken by young photographers from FATA, examples of everyday life in Mohmand, Khyber, Kurram and South Waziristan agencies. Images of the iconic Khyber Pass and many towns along the border with Afghanistan lend a real-life dimension to this largely unknown, and often ignored or misrepresented region of Pakistan. In a part of the world where photography is uncommon, these photographs depict subtle interactions of FATA citizens at work, at school and during informal moments throughout the tribal areas.
The report text, entitled "The Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan's Tribal Areas" describes the history and trajectory of reform demands made by Pakistani citizens, civil society groups and the people of FATA. Also included are quotes from citizens and political leaders, collected to show opinions and visions for the future of FATA. Voices included demonstrate a strong desire for equal rights and equal participation in the context of Pakistan's evolving democracy.
For those who know the tribal areas well, this report may serve as a reminder of the great number of Pakistanis working for a brighter future for FATA. For those previously not aware of the political activities in FATA, the report may provide a new and unique glimpse at the diverse richness of the culture and people in Pakistan's tribal areas.
The 75 photographs were carefully selected from over 1,000 that were submitted for review. All are from young photographers between the ages of 17 and 30, from varied socio-economic backgrounds in FATA. Without their efforts and talent, the report would not have been possible. Many thanks to the photographers--and those featured in their work--for the privilege of sharing these images and the stories they tell.
Photographers: Alimgir Khan, Ammad Ahmed Khan, Azmatullah, Faryal Mohmmand, Faisal Khan, Huma Gul, Irfan Ali, Jebran Yousefzia, Rizwan Bhittani, Rohida, Saba Rehman, Sara Qayum, Seema Gul and Shah Jehan.
Local Government in FATA: Failures, Challenges, Prospects (FATA Research Cent...fatanews
ISLAMABAD, April 22, 2014: The tribal people demanded immediate extension of local governments system to tribal territories to mainstream the Federally Administered Tribal Areas both politically and socially with rest of the country.
This was the crux of a Study Report titled "Local Government in FATA: Past Failures, Current Challenges and Future Prospects" launched by Islamabad-based think tank - FATA Research Center - at a local hotel here on Tuesday.
The report is prepared after conducting extensive surveys, interviews and round tables conferences with different stakeholders including tribal people, elders, political and legal experts, academia, media men and government officials.
Speaking at a launching ceremony as a chief guest, Federal Minister for State and Frontier Regions (SAFRON) Lt Gen (R) Qadir Baloch, said the findings of the report are manifesting the fact that tribal people are politically aware and demanding participation in affairs of the state through democratically elected bodies.
The minister elaborated that we haven't decided yet about the date of conducting local bodies elections in entire of Pakistan and will introduce the local government system in FATA before its elections.
Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division...ijtsrd
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Anglophone crisis on the mental health of teachers in Bui Division, North West Region of Cameroon. The study employed a cross sectional survey research design using an explanatory sequential mixed method. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaire while focus group discussions guide was used to collect qualitative data. Questionnaire were filled by 163 teachers, selected using simple random sampling technique while 18 teachers were purposefully selected for the qualitive data. The data were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS version 23.0 for windows where descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean scores and standard deviation were gotten. Equally SPSS was also used for regression analysis and tested the effects between the independent and dependent variables. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis method. The findings showed that terrorism had negative effects on the health outcomes or mental health of teachers in Bui Division from both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Therefore, the study recommends that there should be investment in mental health which will help to strengthen mental health of affected communities, providing counselling services and sustainable care options. Dr. Foncham Paul Babila | Dr. Azinwi Terence Niba "Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division North West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63510.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/63510/effects-of-anglophone-crisis-on-the-mental-health-of-teachers-in-bui-division-north-west-region-of-cameroon/dr-foncham-paul-babila
https://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsbig&AN=edsbig.A658950100&site=eds-live&scope=site
Scenario: Cardiovascular and Infectious Diseases From a Sudanese Lens
Baruti is a 67-year-old farmer from Sudan. He has been migrating to other farming communities over the last few years. He has reported a family history of coronary vascular disease, with most males in his family dying in their 40s and 50s. Since last week, he has been experiencing weight loss, chronic cough, night sweats, and bloody sputum. His tuberculosis test shows a positive diagnosis. He is presently living in a community with a low literacy rate and limited healthcare availability.
Additionally, read the
Sudan: Tuberculosis on the Rise in Sudan report for additional perspective on the rise of tuberculosis in Sudan.
Prompt
Apply your disciplinary perspective to evaluate the chronic cardiovascular and infectious disease risks implied by the case. In other words, defend your professional viewpoint regarding the most important factors that contribute to the health challenges. Then, in your responses, work as a group to refine those initial assessments.
Apply a global health perspective related to addressing chronic cardiovascular diseases illustrated in this case. Which factors are most important in understanding Baruti's cardiovascular disease diagnosis (for example, age, genetic predisposition, access to healthcare)? Be sure to substantiate your claims with evidence.
Apply a global health perspective to addressing the infectious disease illustrated in this case. Which factors are most important in understanding Baruti's infectious disease diagnosis (for example, socioeconomic group or migrant status)? Be sure to substantiate your claims with evidence.
IHP 501 Module Four Project Preparation Worksheet
Precious Teasley
Southern New Hampshire University
IHP-501-Q2461 Global Health and Diversity
22TW2
Professor Esther Johnstone
December 2,2022
Complete this worksheet by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information. The purpose of this worksheet is to structure your submission to cover each of the relevant topics where the substance of your response is the focus instead of academic formatting. Feel free to outline or use bullets in your responses as needed.
Ethnicity
About 16 distinct ethnic groups and their languages coexist in Sierra Leone. In Sierra Leone, it's common for people to identify with a particular ethnicity and religion. People of a specific ethnicity are those who consider themselves to be part of a particular cultural group. One's ethnic identity is formed via shared experiences with those who share one's linguistic and cultural backgrounds and common ancestry. "ethnicity" means a collection of people with a common cultural background. One's sense of ethnic identity is founded on shared linguistic and cultural backgrounds, histories, and customs. The T.
TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN, ITS CAUESES, IMPACTS & REMEDIESHasnaın Sheıkh
Name; Hasnain Nawaz
Surname : Shaikh
ROLL NO: 16 CH 42
B.E: Chemical Engineering (In Progress).
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
Jamshore, ISO 9001 Certified.
HIDDEN BURDENS OF CONFLICT Issues of mental health and access to services amo...DonbassFullAccess
Reliable epidemiological data on the burden of mental disorders, key risk factors and access to health services is crucial in helping to design appropriate trauma-informed mental health and psychosocial support responses for the at least 1.6 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine. The aim of this study was to collect scientifically rigorous evidence on the mental health and psychosocial support needs of IDPs in Ukraine in order to help inform relevant policies and programmes. This study found a prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of 32% (22% men, 36% women), while the prevalence of depression was 22% (16% men, 25% women) and the prevalence of anxiety was 17% (13% men, 20% women). This study recommends that IDPs be considered as one of the target groups for mental healthcare provision by the relevant agencies in Ukraine. The findings support the need for a scaled-up, comprehensive and traumainformed approach to the provision of mental healthcare for IDPs in the country.
National security is a state or condition where our most cherished values and beliefs, our democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and our unity, welfare and well-being as a nation and people are permanently protected and continuously enhanced
Civilization Impact On Their Lives Of The People And SocietySubmissionResearchpa
Civilization by Ochilova Nigora Ruzimuratovna 2020. Civilization Impact On Their Lives Of The People And Society . International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 2 (Mar. 2020), 10-11. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i2.256. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/256/249 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/256
Information threats and information attacks: Problem, solution, recommendationsSubmissionResearchpa
In this article, the author provides general recommendations and suggestions on information threats and information attacks, their similarities and differences, and important aspects of the formation of immunity to risks in young people. Jamshid Yaxshiboyevich Oripov. (2020). Information threats and information attacks: Problem, solution, recommendations. International Journal on Orange Technologies, 2(8), 24-25. https://doi.org/10.31149/ijot.v2i8.802 Pdf Url: https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJOT/article/view/802/770 Paper Url: https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJOT/article/view/802
Social Unrest and Mental Health
World Association of Social Psychiatry (WASP) Symposium
at the American Psychiatric Association Annual Meeting 2021
Vincenzo Di Nicola, MPhil, MD, PhD, DFAPA, FCPA President, CASP; President-Elect, WASP Professor of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, QC
Learning objectives
To understand the association between social unrest and mental health …
Specifically, to:
Identify the social determinants of unrest
Offer case examples of social unrest
Review WHO prevalence estimates and overall mental health impacts of social unrest
Discuss special considerations for children, youth & families
Plan for presentation
Social unrest and mental health: 30-45 minutes – V Di Nicola Social determinants: Triggers, aggravators & attenuators, circularity
Case examples (evidence-based studies)
Hong Kong Protests Black Lives Matter
WHO Prevalence Estimates (data)
Protests, Riots & Revolutions: A systematic review
Children, Youth & Families: Special considerations
Boko Haram insurgency has affected many people in the northeastern part of Nigeria. Many of these victims have migrated to other parts of the country. While some of these people become internally displaced persons (IDPs) in IDP centres or camps, some prefer to migrate to, and live among their ancestral relatives. The latter are referred to as migrated displaced persons. Many faith-based organizations especially churches of the Nigerian Baptist Convention have been making efforts to transform the lives of these displaced people and reintegrate them into the society. The paper
reviews some related themes such as terrorism and religious violence, Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria, jihad, trauma,
internally displaced persons, Christian theological bases for humanitarianism, Baptist policy/theological stands on
humanitarianism, and religious responses to crisis in transforming lives of displaced people from conflict-affected areas. The paper ends with some recommendations for faith-based organizations and the Nigerian government.
Is Transcendental Healing of Painful Memories Possible? A Reflection on the R...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study examines the contributions of pastoral counselling and storytelling in healing and
restoring painful memories. The study applies Louw‘s life story and Lartey‘s relationship-oriented models as the
theoretical framework. The data were collected through participant observation, document analysis, and the
researchers‘ long years of experience in pastoral ministry and counselling. The finding reveals that storytelling
remains a powerful tool for healing wounded memories. Hence, pastoral counselling and storytelling create a
safe space for seekers to interact, found emotional strength to reignite healing processes, reclaim their volition
and create retrospection that reconnects the healing seekers with their painful memories. The study recommends
that government should prioritise memory healing programmes, partner with the church, chiefs and relevant
organisations through sponsorship, provide counselling centres for hurting men to voice out and seek healing in
their communities, regulate churches, and reduce violence shown on the South African media in the name of
telling our stories or entertainment.
KEYWORDS: unresolved bitterness; brokenness; painful memories; trauma; addictions; woundedness; group
support therapy; Journey of healing
When the cold war was over at the end of 1980th, we expected that the 21st century would be peaceful, progressive, and politically stable. On the contrary, the strong consciousness of ETHNICITY was dramatically emerged in eastern European ethnic groups that were controlled by the old Soviet Union. The worse situation was the case of old Yugoslavia where were divided into three parts with arms. As we know, that war was the terrible genocide as we know.
What is “ Medical Anthropology?
Health and Sickness could be defined as the dynamic studies. Because, the concept of the sickness and health is depended on the indigenous values. It means “dynamics”.
2. Biomedicine and cultural( behavial sciences can be understood reciprocally.
Cultural Diagnosis.
The fact that the past scientific research and analysis gather so many different specialists needs to be stress. No profession can get alone the right perspective to comprehend the destructiveness of violence, we need different points of view to fight against it and hopefully to transfer this knowledge to the policy making body. It is my hope that our policy makers and society will begin to realize the importance of the anthropological aspects which I am going to discuss in this short paper.
Now, I would like to take this opportunity to share the role of Anthropology in this issue with policy makers and anthropologists but, let me first show about the role of anthropology in the process of development and its connection with violence. I believe that the anthropological theory should apply to the practical field. Another word, I would say that anthropologists must put on two hats (theoretical and practical).
The work was presented during the II Workshop on Medical Anthropology in Rome, October 14th - 15th 2011.
Notice to NGOs to Hire Staff from FATA (SAFRON Ministry, 11 Nov 2014)fatanews
After receiving direction from the SAFRON Committee in the National Assembly, the SAFRON Ministry has informed NGOs working in FATA that they should hire the maximum number of employees with FATA domicile and not with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa domicile.
FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward (Urdu, CGPA Policy Brief, Oct...fatanews
English version available at: https://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/cgpa-fata-reforms-policy-brief-2014-october --- CGPA policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). A timely report when the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
This FATA Reforms News Summary is a 37-page document containing a selection of opinion and news articles regarding recommendations for further reforms in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The summary document contains articles, legal documents and other resources from June to October 2014.
The reforms priorities in the document include a Constitution amendment bill presented in the Senate of Pakistan to extend the jurisdiction of High Court and Supreme Court to FATA, a resolution put forward in the National Assembly to shift legislative powers for FATA from the President to the parliament, a new policy brief on FATA reforms by the Centre for Governance and Public Accountability (CGPA), a FATA Committee press release urging equal rights for North Waziristan IDPs, a summary and analysis of the recent Peshawar High Court judgment regarding FATA jurisdiction, and others.
CGPA FATA Reforms Launch Invitation (21 Oct 2014)fatanews
A Center for Governance & Public Accountability (CGPA) policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward is a timely report as the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
Policy Brief PDF Link: http://bit.ly/cgpafata
Peshawar High Court FATA Judgment Analysis (2014)fatanews
Article 1(c) of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan defines the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) as part of the Republic’s territories in addition to the four provinces of Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh and the Islamabad Capital Territory. Chapter 1 (Articles 8-28) of the Constitution guarantees Fundamental Rights to the citizens in the territories of the Republic. The Fundamental Rights, inter alia, include the security of person, safeguard as to arrest and detention, the right to fair trial, freedom of movement, assembly, association, speech, and equality of citizens. Article 8 of the Constitution provides that any law, custom or usage having the force of law, which is inconsistent or in derogation of the Fundamental Rights is void.
In contrast to the spirit of the Constitution and the Fundamental Rights contained therein, there exists no judicial forum for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights in FATA. Justice in FATA is dispensed through a quasi-judicial system in accordance with the provisions of a colonial law known as the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR) 1901. The FCR concentrates all judicial and executive powers in the office of the Political Agent/Deputy Commissioner, a senior civil servant of the federal government. In contravention of due process of law, citizens in FATA have no right to fair trial and have little safeguard against arbitrary arrest and detention.
Because of its geographical proximity to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, , the people of FATA often approach the Peshawar High Court (PHC) for the enforcement of their Fundamental Rights, despite the bar of jurisdiction of the High Courts under Article 247(7) of the Constitution. Several petitions relating to FATA were filed in the PHC during 2013 and 2014, related to four broad categories: 1) illegal detentions by political agents in FATA, 2) service matters of the employees working in FATA, 3) contract matters, and 4) Fundamental Rights. In order to address these petitions in accordance with constitutional provisions, the PHC constituted a “larger bench” for the hearings. The Court also appointed seven eminent amicus curiae to assist it on eight specific points.
The Court, after hearing arguments from counsels for the parties and submissions of the amicus curiae, wherein all the previous judgments of the superior courts were exhaustively discussed (see annex for details), considered the matter and passed its judgment on April 7, 2014. The judgment highlights the contradictions in the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and safe administration of justice in FATA. The Court arrived at the conclusion that it has no jurisdiction in areas that constitute FATA except in relation to the terms and conditions of service of the civil servants, development contracts and detentions that violate Section 86-A of the Criminal Procedure Code of Pakistan.
The mandate of the commission is to formulate and propose clear strategic objectives, strategies, policies and action plans and put forward recommendations for the approval of the Governor Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Commission will also overview the implementation of the reform initiatives and propose “mid-course corrections” as and when required.
Mapping PCNA Investments in FATA (January 2014)fatanews
A report of the Post-crisis Needs Assessment implementation support unit for FATA, this document details the previous and ongoing investments in the tribal areas, particularly focusing on areas of work and reform identified in the PCNA document. Complete PCNA document can be found here: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/postcrisis-needs-assessment-pcna-for-fata-and-khyber-pakhtunkhwa
Post-crisis Needs Assessment (PCNA) for FATA and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Septembe...fatanews
As assessment of needs in FATA and KP as part of the World Bank-implemented Multi-donor Trust Fund project. The document includes concrete recommendations for administrative, political and legal reforms for Pakistan's tribal areas.
The FATA Reforms news update below is a 16-page document containing a selection of opinion and news articles regarding recommendations for further reforms in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The summary document contains articles from April to May 2014.
The reforms priorities in the document include the establishing of a new FATA Reforms Commission by recently appointed Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Governor Sardar Mehtab Ahmed Khan, the historic April 7, 2014 judgment of the Peshawar High Court regarding FATA jurisdiction and Article 247 of the constitution, and calls for greater transparency in the tribal areas and others.
Details previous elected National Assembly deputies as well as electoral roll data for the May 2013 elections. Briefing courtesy of http://www.slideshare.net/tayyebafridi
Peshawar High Court Judgment on FATA Jurisdiction (April 2014)fatanews
MAY 6, 2014: The Peshawar High Court (PHC) on Monday advised the federal government to submit a reference in the Parliament for suitable amendments to the Constitution with an aim to protect fundamental human rights in the tribal region. The advice was given by a larger bench in a detailed judgment over matters related to illegal detentions and issues of government servants.
The PHC on Monday issued a 46-page judgment related to Fata, in which a larger bench comprising the then PHC chief justice Mian Fasihul Mulk, present Chief Justice Mazhar Alam Miankhel, Justice Yahya Afridi, Justice Qaiser Rasheed and Justice Malik Manzoor Hussain declared that the high court had jurisdiction to hear cases of the employees of provincial and federal governments serving in Fata.
About arrest of people from settled areas by the political administration, the bench declared that the high court could assume its jurisdiction in illegal arrest by the political administration. The bench stated that the arrest would be illegal if political administration did not fulfil procedure under section 86-A of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), before shifting the arrested persons to tribal areas from the settled areas.
The bench declared that the high court had jurisdiction to hear the cases if the incident or any other agreements on business and other matters took place in settled areas between private parties and action was taken by the political authorities.
The bench said the court would decide its jurisdiction in the service maters of those employees who were directly appointed by the political authorities when such cases come to the court for hearing.
However, the bench declared that the high court had no jurisdiction to hear cases related to various matters occurring in Fata and illegal arrests of tribal people there.The judgment said the political agents’ basic duty was to run the administrative affairs of various tribal agencies, but at the same time they also act as judge and sentenced the tribal people under the FCR.
The bench declared that there was no system to control the unlimited powers of the political agents and that was why they were committing serious violations of fundamental human rights and giving decisions on their own free will and under sub-Article 7 of Article 247 of Constitution their divisions are not challenged in the high court.
Therefore, the court declared sub-article 7 of Article 247 of the Constitution inconsistent with articles related to fundamental rights and advised the federal government to submit a reference in the parliament for suitable amendments to the said article.
“We are advising the federal government to submit a reference in the National Assembly and Senate for suitable amendments in sub-article 7 of Article 247 of the Constitution. People of Fata are citizens of Pakistan, but imposing restriction through this article of the Constitution against tribal people to get fundamental rights.
Local Government Reforms in Pakistan: Context, Content and Causes fatanews
This paper examines the recent decentralization reforms in Pakistan under
General Musharraf. We highlight major aspects of this reform and analyze its
evolution in a historical context to better understand potential causes behind this
current decentralization. Analyzing the evolution of local government reforms in
Pakistan is interesting because each of the three major reform experiments has
been instituted at the behest of a non-representative centre using a ‘top down’
approach. Each of these reform experiments is a complementary change to a
wider constitutional reengineering strategy devised to further centralization of
political power in the hands of the non-representative centre. We argue that the
design of the local government reforms in these contexts becomes endogenous to
the centralization objectives of the non-representative centre. It is hoped that
analyzing the Pakistani experience will help shed light on the positive political
economy question of why non-representative regimes have been willing
proponents of decentralization to the local level.
Impediments to Integrating FATA in Pakistan Mainstream (2009, Muhammad Tayyab...fatanews
This paper aims to analyze the impediments involved in integration of the FATA in the national mainstream of Pakistan with a view to make suitable recommendations. This paper briefly discusses the historical background and provides a short overview of the administrative, judicial, political and socio-economic aspects of the FATA. In assessing the underlying causes of the FATA problem, this paper suggests a significant change to the FATA’s status quo as an essential and effective measure. To understand the FATA conundrum, case studies of handling Pashtuns residing in the region of the NWF by British, Soviets and later by Pakistan have been done. It has provided a better understanding and apt analysis of the current situation. The paper also addresses the concerns of Pakistan on the involvement of foreign hand in destabilizing the situation inside the FATA and other parts of Pakistan. As the credibility of such like information is always difficult to ascertain; therefore, occasional release of related news in the media and comments of senior Pakistani officials and journalist have been used as base facts for drawing relevant conclusion.
The world at large and Pakistanis in particular have to unveil forces working behind the scenes in the FATA. In addition, an effective reform package with a potent media campaign is required to go in to the FATA, thereby not only making the locals aware of the sensitivity of the problem of extremism coupled with terrorism in their society but to make the reminder of Pakistanis also realize that the FATA requires a national effort of integration which cannot be left to only one component of government i.e. Army and other LEAs.
The FATA Reforms news update below is a 36-page document containing a selection of opinion and news articles regarding recommendations for further reforms in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The summary document contains articles from November 2013 to February 2014.
The reforms priorities in the document include abolishing the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR), many calls for extending a local government system to FATA, amending Article 247 of the Constitution of Pakistan, competing calls for future FATA status, commentary on development in FATA, calls for greater transparency in the tribal areas and others.
Drones, Spies, Terrorists and Second Class Citizenship in Pakistan (Christine...fatanews
This essay reviews seven recent books and reports that focus upon the use of U.S. armed drones in Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). This essay synthesizes a historical account of the program, critically interrogates key arguments and evidence advanced by the various authors, and draws attention the particular problems that confront those who live in the FATA and the second-class citizenship that the Pakistani state has bestowed upon them for reasons of domestic and foreign policy concerns. This review essay does not intend to be the final word on any of the ongoing policy debates. But it does hope to enable a wider audience to take part in these important deliberations.
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
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Future Of Fintech In India | Evolution Of Fintech In IndiaTheUnitedIndian
Navigating the Future of Fintech in India: Insights into how AI, blockchain, and digital payments are driving unprecedented growth in India's fintech industry, redefining financial services and accessibility.
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
27052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA (September 2013)
1. Seminar Report
FATA Research Centre
committed to Peace &
Development for FATA
Region in Pakistan
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in
FATA
House: 23 A, Street: 28, F-10/1, Islamabad
Telephone: 0092 51 2112853-4 Fax: 0092 51 2112857
Email: info@frc.com.pk
2. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges i
Acknowledgment
FATA Research Centre in collaboration with The Royal Danish Embassy held
a Seminar on “Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA”.
We would like to thank the honorable guest speakers, people from
government, media, academia, civil society and students for their participation
in the event.
This report is based on the content of speeches and addresses by the speakers
and participants at the Seminar, composed and designed by Ms. Rubab Zahra
(Research Associate), edited by Mr. Asad Kamal (Researcher), reviewed by
Mehran Ali Khan Wazir (Programme Manager) and approved by Dr. Ashraf
Ali (President FRC).
3. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges ii
Contents
Acknowledgment…………………………………………………………………………………..……..………………..……………... i
Introduction ................................................................................................................................1
Seminar Objectives......................................................................................................................2
Guests Speaker’s Profiles.............................................................................................................2
Opinions of Guest Speaker...........................................................................................................4
Recommendations .......................................................................................................................9
Conclusion................................................................................................................................ 10
Appendices............................................................................................................................... 11
Appendix - I........................................................................................................................... 11
Seminar Agenda................................................................................................................. 11
Appendix – II......................................................................................................................... 12
Seminar Covered in News...................................................................................................12
Appendix - III......................................................................................................................... 18
Glimpses of Seminar........................................................................................................... 18
4. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 1
Introduction
At the dawn of the 21st century, it was thought that this century would bring development,
knowledge, technology, lead to progress in the world and above all would be a century of
peace, as said by Dalai Lama, “I think there is every reason this 21st century will be much
happier”. However, everything did not go as expected. The century was followed by wars
and conflict, militancy, terrorism ethnic violence and massacres, physical, emotional and
sexual abuses. The report focuses on the sociological-anthropological and psychological
implications of these violent conflicts, particularly in Federally Administered Tribal Areas
(FATA) after the advent of the US ‘War on Terror’.
The current conflict spread a complex and violent situations in Pakistan, particularly in
Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) which has reconfigured the whole
fabrication of social life of the natives. Military operations, militants’ attacks, suicide
attacks, explosions, drone attacks and even safety precautions such as long curfew hours
have caused serious psychological and social issues among the people in the area. The life
of a common is spending between the barrels of two guns 24 hours. The traumatic
situation in FATA is unprecedented. The people of FATA, due to war on terror, are
reported to be faced with serious social and psychological problems. Among the affectees
of psychological diseases children especially school going boys and girls are with highest
ratio while women are second highest ratio in this respect.
Analysts believe that children and women are more vulnerable to the phenomena. Both
women and children to somehow share reasons for their vulnerability; women use to stay
in home with less social interaction and activities while children have no more school to
spend days in. According to the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Education Department,
militants destroyed a total of 1000 schools in various parts of the province including 640
schools in Malakand Division (reference). It spreads nightmares and distress among school
going children. In addition, terrorism, bomb blasts, slaughtering people etc, are the
frequent discussed topics in schools there in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA. It is
continuously affecting the brain of school going kids.
In FATA the fear of suicide attacks, military operations and especially the drone attacks
has led to severe sociological consequences. Drones and militant attacks have left Bazaars
terrorized, vacant mosques, eliminated Hujra (community center), made ineffective Jarga
(council of elders) and decreased the number of participants in the funeral ceremony
(Mehran Ali Khan Wazir)1
. It is important to notice that to a lot of extent the tribal life is
incomplete without the above mentioned social elements (Mehran Ali Khan Wazir). In
this context the social institutions and codes have been considered itself educational
institutions. Absence of social institutions and codes lead towards malaise which further
brings psychological issue among people. Therefore in this way the sociological issues are
very much related to the psychological problems.
Pakistan’s participation in the US led anti-terrorism campaign has led to massive
unemployment, homelessness, poverty and other social problems and ills. In addition,
frequent incidents of terrorism and displacement of the local population have severely
affected the social fabric. Counter terrorism campaigns against the militants uprooted
millions of people in KPK and FATA which brought various economic, social and
psychological sufferings to them. Approximately five million people were displaced from
FATA which is considered as one of the largest displacements in the history of Pakistan.
1Drone Attacks: a cause of malaise among people: http://frc.com.pk/articles/drone-attacks-a-
cause-of-malaise-among-people/
5. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 2
FATA is one of the most underdeveloped regions of Pakistan due to the ongoing war on
terror. Its people are poorly educated, lack access to adequate health care, and are
deprived of basic facilities. There is widespread depression, especially among young
generation, because of the economic, political and security situation in FATA.
According to the mental health programme of the Federal Ministry of Health, a majority
of the children displaced in the wake of the military operations in FATA and PATA was
aged between three months to 11 years and they complained of problems including
depression, phobias, acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress syndrome and insomnia.
In 2009 the Sarhad Hospital for Psychiatric Diseases (SHPD) recorded about 97,000
psychiatric cases from the violence-hit areas of FATA. It has been estimated that one in
six carries few symptoms of psychological illness. Approximately 90,000 patients
examined at a local hospital of FATA in 2011, about 50,000 had been exposed to militant-
related violence or to the militaryoperation.
Seminar Objectives
In view of the above, finding ways to relieve the agony of the people of FATA is the
question of the hour. The goal of the FRC is to promote a just, peaceful and
equitable society where people can live in harmony and with dignity by securing
social, economic and ecological well-being. To turn this vision in reality, FRC
conducted seminar with the following focused objectives:
1. To discuss the impacts of violence on the social and psychological behavior of the
people in FATA
2. To transcript the stance of government officials and different political parties on
the issue
3. To share the feelings and experiences of people directly affected by such activities
4. To find out solutions for the betterment of the people of FATA
5. To address basic sociological underlying causes of prevailing socio-psychological
problems due to ongoing war on terror.
Guests Speaker’s Profiles
FRC understanding the significance of the issue, needed a platform to present the social
and psychological emerging issues due to violence in Fata, and brought the topic into
discussion by government functionaries, intellectuals, academics, civil society
representatives,journalists, strategic and political analysts, students and IDPs of FATA.
The panel of speakers for the seminar was established keeping in view different
perspectives of the topic. FRC invited four renowned representatives of different
institutions with the divergent expertise i.e. from Health Ministry, Research & Analyst,
Psychiatrists and academia. Following were the guest speakers who presented their point
on the issue under discussion:
1. Dr. Khalid A Mufti(Psychologist & Medical Director Ibadat Hospital Peshawar)
Dr. Khalid A Mufti is M.B.B.S., DPM (UK), MRC Psych. (London), FRC Psych
(London). He is Medical Director Ibadat Hospital Peshawar, Member Federal Mental
Health Authority Pakistan and Chairman Horizon (Welfare NGO for prevention, Training,
Research in Mental Health and Drug Demand Reduction), Pakistan. He is ex-Principal
Khyber Medical College Peshawar, former Professor and Head Department of Psychiatry,
Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. He has more than 30 years of experience in
6. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 3
academics, research and clinical practice. His main areas of interest are psychiatric
problems and drug abuse prevention.
2. Dr. Khadim Hussain (Managing Director Baacha khan Trust)
Khadim Hussain did his research thesis in sociolinguistics, and working as managing
Director Baacha Trust Educational Foundation (BKTEF) and also teaches a course at the
linguistics department, Quaid-e-azam University Islamabad. He also worked as permanent
faculty for linguistics and communication at Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan from
2004 to 2010.He has 20 international research publications and attended more than 12
international conferences over the last 15 years.
3. Mr. Shaukat Ali Yousafzai (Health Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Mr. Shaukat Ali Yousafzai obtained a Journalism degree from University of Peshawar. He
is a Member of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly representing Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf and
as Minister for Health and Information Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the Pervez Khattak
administration. He also serves as the Secretary General of its provincial chapter of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa and previously has served as the political advisor to Imran Khan. He
remained an active journalist throughout his career and worked from different newspapers
and hosted talk shows on PTV and AVT Khyber. He remained the president of Khyber
Union of Journalist for three consecutive times.
4. Dr. Madiha Asghar (Psychologist)
Dr. Madiha Asghar obtained a PHD degree in Psychology. She is serving as a psychology
professor in Islamia College Peshawar and also running training program for psychologists
in the Department of psychology (Islamia College Peshawar). She is a social activist and
affiliated with many civil societies which are serving for medical and social welfare in KP
and FATA. She has a far above the ground analytical skills, advanced theoretical
knowledge and highly experienced and skillful psychiatrists.
7. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 4
Opinions of Guest Speaker
1. Dr. Khalid A Mufti (Psychiatrists & Medical Director Ibadat Hospital Peshawar)
Being a Psychiatrist he presented his views on the issue and brought into light the
causes of rapidly increasing mental disorders in tribal areas. According to him:
Violence is prevailing in FATA as the Taliban’s, foreign fighters and drone
attacks worsen the condition of the area. The damage to infrastructure and human
losses includes destruction and damage of public buildings and infrastructure (e.g.,
hospitals, schools, roads, power grids, water supply, etc.), lives lost and injuries
sustained and the Internally Displaced Persons that were forced to migrate to
escape violence and damage to privately owned property (e.g., homes, shops,
factories, farms, etc.). Unemployment in FATA is very high due to the destruction
of infrastructure, as 70% people were relying on agriculture for generating
revenue that are now unable to work due to restless condition of the area.
More than 54 per cent of people living in the conflict zone had shown symptoms
of acute stress, post- traumatic stress disorders, depression, fear, anxiety, loss of
appetite and sleep disturbance.
The local residents, particularly women and children, of the conflict areas suffered
from physical and psychological abuse and traumas. The fear of death and feelings
of helplessness further traumatized their lives. Due to the long War on Terror on
the name of anti-terrorism attacks In FATA the psychological issues increased in
them and mostly patients came from FATA to our hospitals who were suffering
from psychological problems.
Education is the key to progress for any nation of the world. Militants attacked
and destroyed a number of boys and girls schools in FATA and KPK as a strategy
to imbue the youth of the area with militant values. Militants destroyed almost
1,000 schools, mostly girls’ schools, in FATA and KPK. It spreads fear among
school going children.
As, In FATA people are suffering from the violence of Pakistan army and many
civilians sacrificed their lives in army operations against terrorists. An influx of
insecurity and Scariness of dying due to terrorism attacks or in anti-terrorism
operations increased anxiety, insomnia and distress.
Due to the prevailing law and order situation and terrorism in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa and FATA people of this area are passing through tremendous
mental stress and psychological strain and in such situation the role of
psychologists becomes very important as they are the people who can allay their
fears through counseling and help them build the positive aspects of their
characteristic traits.
Poverty, injustice, a deteriorating law and order situation and widespread
unemployment across the country, particularly in FATA, greatly contributed to the
rise of militancy in Pakistan. In addition, a deteriorating law and order situation in
FATA has created grave security concerns for the government.
Moreover, the failure on the part of the government to provide immediate relief
assistance to the affected people in the war zones of FATA created antipathy
8. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 5
between the people and the government. The sense of political deprivation and
lack of participation in decision making has further widened the gulf between the
government and the people. This prevailing situation in FATA goes in favor of the
militants who exploit inherent structural weaknesses in the tribal political and
administrative system in order to create divisions in the tribal society where some
have started perceiving Taliban as their saviors.
Ever-increasing terrorism and psychological problems now become a substantial
internal security threat for Pakistan. In this regard, the government needs to take
necessary steps to curb the menace of terrorism.
Journalists and media should mobilize the people and create awareness in the
tribal areas by creating a prominent policy for the people of FATA to diminish
haphazardness in them.
The government should induct psychologists in schools and hospitals in KPK and
FATA to take the school children and the terrorism affected people out of the
psychological fear which they are facing due to intensive terrorism. Further,
government also needs to build the destroyed infrastructure at the earliest.
Building of cottage industries in the terrorism affected areas can be beneficial to
the people economically. In short, it is essential for the economic prosperity,
mental health and social progress of tribal people and for Pakistan to make an
early end to this war.
Need of the time to be united and organized on one point voluntaries for creating
change, as the people of FATA have been deprived of their political and social
rights. The sense of political deprivation and lack of participation in decision
making has created depression among the tribal people which, in turn, affects the
government-to-people relationship. This prevailing situation in FATA goes in
favor of Taliban who further exploit inherent structural weaknesses in the tribal
political and administrative system in order to create divisions in the tribal society
where some people have started perceiving them as their saviors. This poses a
direct challenge to the writ of the government.
It also appears that there is no quick fix of the crises. Undoing this damage will
require a long term commitment, both political as well as financial, that would
address not only the brick and mortar reconstruction but also try to heal the
psychological scars which have marked the population.
2. Dr. Madiha Asghar (Psychologist)
As a Professor she presented her independent findings on Visible Social Impacts and
socio-psychological causes and effects of militancy:
The impact of terrorism cannot be limited to any one dimension as acts of
terrorism may affect the entire life and society. Terrorism is an art with the key
aim to demoralize the community and undermine its sense of Security and leaves
ever lasting effects on the masses.
The current situation prevailing in parts of NWFP and FATA is clearly thus an
insurgency and needs a well thought out counter strategy. No counter terrorism
strategy can succeed without the active and popular participation and support of
the people.
9. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 6
The social and psychological impact of militancy on life in the FATA was that the
population had to change their life style. They could not hold observance of their
rituals like weddings, funerals and other ceremonies in their traditional manner.
Population in FATA started drifting away from the state of Pakistan as they felt
that the state had abandoned them and that their plight was of no consequence to
the rest of the country.
Media is an important institution and Role of media is very important in making
opinion and moldings the attitudes, development and change. Media should play
positive role because people are fed up from hearing teasing breaking news and
updates in a dramatic way that is increasing mental stress and anxiety among
people.
According to current scenario the Input of social societies, communities,
Psychiatrists, general physicians, doctors, civil societies and journalists can play a
vital role in peace building.
It was being said that21 century will bring happiness and development to the
world. As the 21 century started the incident of 9/11 accord, and people of FATA
are still facing it’s after affects. After that earthquake in October 2005 accord any
many people died in FATA. Around 25000 people died and many people
displaced in FATA.
Need for development, education and health reforms for peace building in the
society is essential, it’s not important due to presence of Taliban or due to war on
terror.
In developed countries psychologists are practicing that proves the need of
Psychiatrists in peace is essential and in the unrest condition of FATA the need of
psychiatrists double due to war and terrorism.
Political socio-economic problems are increasing; people are suffering from
mental stress, uncertainty and confusion. The 9/11 incidents, the war on terrorism,
suicide attacks and the daily suffering of the people of Pakistan are the result of
the wrong and unethical policies of the concerned states. Without peace,
development is not possible. And peace in FATA can only be achieved through
good governance and rule of law.
The military operations have deeply disturbed the socio-psychological fabric of
society. Consequently, the overall atmosphere remains tense. The violence has a
direct psychological impact on the people of Pakistan in general and the people
living in the conflict zones of FATA in particular. Their constant exposure to
violence has engendered many psychological problems, in some cases in the form
of serious mental illness. Increased in militancy and crimes is creating negative
impact on our socio-political condition and it will damage the international
relations of Pakistan.
To cope with the psychological problems in the Department of psychology
(Islamia College Peshawar) is running training program for psychologists and
around 50 psychologists trained there in last 4 years. But government is not
supporting them in it. Criminal psychology department will be soon established in
Islamia College Peshawar for the proper psychological counseling and treatment
of criminals. The main objective is to train psychologists, researchers, and
10. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 7
practitioners, for effective dealing with psychological issues, and developing
understanding about the psychological factors of crimes to control crimes.
In Psychology department (Islamia College Peshawar) above 400 are registered
patients which were mostly referred by psychiatrists as they are charging very
nominal and sometimes it’s free because the treatment of patient is priority for
them in which counseling, trial counseling and trial psychotherapy is providing to
patients.
People of FATA as a Pakistani also want a dignified and prestigious Pakistan,
Maintaining grace and self-esteem should be made the hallmark of Pakistani
leadership. Nations that conduct themselves with dignity and maintain their self-
respect can conduct the rules of business with their international counterparts with
confidence.
3. Dr. Khadim Hussain (Managing Director Baacha khan Trust)
As an analyst and scholar he presented his findings on Insecurity and Violence in
FATA causes and its Psycho-social effects.
The topic which is under discussion is a layered topic as it contains many layers of
facts and findings that’s why all the researchers and analysis thinks that they are
on the right page expect others but the main thing is all the findings are a part of it.
Violence doesn’t mean that someone is abused, which is in the general
observation, psychological loss, emotional loss are also lineaments of violence.
Due to bad act of fewer people societies snatched the authority from all and kick
them out from the decisions of country, that is a state violence which is facing by
people of FATA and it’s started from the European time and still existing. But few
people are on viewpoint that the violence in FATA is started when drone attacks
and NATO forces came in the region. But according to history FATA has
remained in the eye of the storm since the turbulent Cold War years.
Owing to its geo-strategic location, the region became a playground for rival
forces vying to extend their sphere of influence. As soon as the Red Army
retreated from Afghanistan, FATA faded into oblivion. It bounced right back
into the global when In 1980’s A-Qaida established in Peshawar,And1998 Al-
Qaida declared that where ever the Americans will be found they would be killed
and where ever Muslim countries do agreements with American would be killed.
After this 9/11, become a flashpoint.
If we overview the current situation of FATA, several types of violence can be
easily observed. Socio-cultural norms of tribal regions destroyed badly and the
culture of FATA completely ruined, to win back the culture will take centuries.
Militant’s also spoiled the local culture in KPK and FATA, banned listening to
music and recreational activities. By spreading fear, terrorists have paralyzed the
social life of FATA people. Due to fearful security situation, people avoid visiting
public places like markets, Parks and even mosques.
For Peace building in FATA there is a need to replace war economy with the
peace economy otherwise peace will not be possible in area. Education and media
played very important role in highlighting the issues of FATA. But media didn’t
highlight the violence issues of FATA as it is at security risk and if any journalist
dares to highlight the issues of FATA he will soon killed by militants.
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NATO operations are the cause of loss of income generation, displacement, it also
demolished badly Honor and respect of the people of FATA, zero accountability
of funds which are coming for FATA.
What happened to individuals, Tribesman are force fully exile in their
personalities. Freedom to think is not for FATA people. Then how and what they
can speak.
Social institutions are totally destructed, FATA became a black hole as now Shura
replaced the Jarga. Due to all these factors complete immobility vertically and
horizontally can be observed in FATA. Military operations were not targeted and
accountable because FATA is at security risk. FATA is being authorized as others
think that there is something wrong with the people of FATA. This authorization
is more painful and damaging then physical violence.
In last, he said if the terrorism stops today then still the welfare and development
of the society will takes centuries for the reestablishment of culture. Need of the
time is for the establishment of peace discourse and role of Government, media
and academia is important in peace building.
4. Mr. Shaukat Ali Yousafzai (Health Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
As a minister of health he shared his views and describe about what kind of initiatives
are taken by government on the violence in FATA
Psychological impact of War in FATA people will remain with Pashtuns for
centuries because it totally changes the socio-economic culture of fata. The need
is to review that what kind of benefit we received from the War on terror in last
ten years. The jirga system of FATA is destroyed the people who called jagra
were killed one by one. We are just focusing on the point that people are killing us
but we are not concentrating on the factors underlying this current situation and
who are people behind this.
We have to understand where we are being deceived and where injustice is done
to us. We blame America and Taliban, but we are governed by all governments
almost till now, and still the pashtuns government is not interested in raising voice
against these powers that are doing injustice to FATA people. But Pashtuns are
always accepting which is amicable to them and which is not in their favor they
consider it conspiracy against them.
If we don’t get rid of the US led war on terror we can’t save our culture and this
war will not stop against pashtuns ever, because in last ten years every issue which
emerged it gradually increased with the time, now we are realizing that we don’t
have the abilities to cope with these issues, And these are creating psychological
problems not only in FATA people but also in our defense forces.
Dispose of this war on terror they only way to resolve conflict and to restore peace
in the region is through Peace negotiations. Any methodology which can be
workable should be use. In last three months the new federal government, after
three months decided that dialogue should be made and if dialogues will not be
possible then the operation will be done against militants.
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We should decide as a nation what we want to do war or peace talks and we have
to be clear about this if we want peace in FATA. The mess that war leaves is very
costly and very hard to clean up.
The other injustice with the people of FATA the resources which were allocated
for fata from foreign aids, from federal government or from any other source were
not spent for the progress and development of FATA. Good Health institutions,
educational institutes, and roads are unavailable and the main culprits of FATA
are the elected members of FATA who always suppressed the voice of FATA
people. And Actual issues of FATA are not highlighted nationally and
internationally by politicians of FATA.
Recommendations
The problem of social and psychological violence in FATA is a complex phenomenon. It
is the product of international, regional, national and local precarious situation for the last
couple of decades which changed the course of sociological and psychological behavior
shaping among the natives of conflicting zones. One of the agreed upon recommendations
is the use of soft (political) means to conflict management or conflict transformation.
Because ‘violence breeds violence and the only way to avoid violence is none violence’
(Baacha Khan) while wars are a never ending phenomena. According to the great
Aristotle, ‘only the dead one can witness end of war’. So dialogues and negotiations are
considered the best course to avoid violence. Peace in FATA can only be achieved through
good governance, rule of law and social development.
It is important to note that:
The problem of violence and insurgency can be tackled by political dialogue not
through force.
Political, economic and social reforms are needed to end the deprivations and
socio-psychological issues of people living in the violence hit areas.
Medical camping in all agencies by local government for providing medical
facilities and psychological counseling to the victims of violence.
Need for the establishment of social welfare institutions in FATA.
Capacity building to strengthen the institutions and induction of psychiatrists in
schools and hospitals will help overcoming the psycho-sociological problems
among people.
Government should rebuild the infrastructure to curb the menace of terrorism in
FATA. And regional integration through roads, pipelines, trade and economic
opportunities will be a quantum jump in restoring regional peace and stability.
The financial support of International community for development projects and
prosperity of the troubled areas in FATA will be another effective way to deal
with underlying causes of socio-economic and psychological issues.
Role of Government, media and academia is important in peace building.
Especially media should generate prominent policy against violence in FATA to
mitigate haphazardness and insecurity.
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Conclusion
War on terror has not only rattled the bases of FATA, but also uprooted the social fabric of
the tribal society in the war affected tribal regions. The growing militancy generated socio-
psychological problems in FATA as people living there feel their lives, honor and
properties insecure. Military operations, militants’ attacks, suicide attacks, explosions,
drone attacks and even safety precautions such as long curfew hours have caused serious
psychological and social issues among the people in FATA. The traumatic situation in
FATA is unprecedented. The people of FATA had shown symptoms of acute stress, post-
traumatic stress disorders, depression, fear, anxiety, loss of appetite and sleep disturbance
due to violence. In addition, frequent incidents of terrorism and displacement of the local
population have severely affected the social institutions. Adults, children, male and
female everybody has been shocked, disturbed and affected by the war on terror fought in
tribal regions. The tribal society as a whole got a setback in the ongoing war on terror and
its social tribal and cultural routine system has been shaken and undermined since 9/11.
Due to due to violence socio-psychological issues created which disturbed the whole
social set up and it made ineffective Jarga (council of elders), participation in social
gatherings decreased,eliminated Hujra (community center), vacant mosques and markets.
The militancy opposition against war on terror and unrealistic policy of the government on
it has kept the flames of the big fire burning in the tribal regions, which engulfed social,
cultural, traditional and political life of the tribal society. The ongoing terrorism has
adversely affected the social life of the people living in FATA. More than a dozen tribal
journalists have laid their lives so far inside FATA during their professional duties and a
similar number of tribal journalists have suffered casualties. People from every walk of
life suffer psychologically in FATA. Majority of the people in FATA have been caused
human, material or psychological loss and problems. Even the children and women are
mentally upset to growing militancy that has disrupted the entire social life in FATA.
Hence, the world and the government of Pakistan at large are morally bound to come
forward to aid the miserable tribesmen to redress their grievances and affliction.
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Appendices
Appendix - I
Seminar Agenda
A Seminar of FATA ResearchCentre
Topic:“Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA
Date:Tuesday September 17, 2013
Timings: 14:00 hrs to 17:30 hrs
Venue: BNQ Hall 1, Shelton Greens Hotel & Restaurant
Main Saddar Road, Peshawar Cantt, Peshawar
Contact: 051-2112853-4, 0343-8511353
Speakers:
Mr. Shaukat Ali Yousafzai (Health Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Dr. Khalid Mufti (Psychiatrists)
Dr. Khadim Hussain (Scholar)
Dr. Madiha Asghar (Psychologist)
Time Activities Owner
14:00-14:30 Arrival of Guest and Registration Ms Rubab Zahra
14:35 – 14:45 Welcome, Purposeand Agenda Mr. M. Zaheer Khan
14:45- 15:00 Introductory speech Dr. Ashraf Ali
15:00 – 15:15 Nature of Psychological Issues in FATA: Causes and
Consequences
Dr. Khalid Mufti
15:20 – 15:35 Insecurity and Violencein FATA: Psycho-social Fallout Dr. KhadimHussain
15: 40 – 15:55 VisibleSocial Impacts Dr. Madiha Asghar
16:00 – 16:15 Psycho-social issues: Role of Government and
Challenges
Mr. Shaukat Ali
Yousafzai
16:20- 16: 50 Discussion,Question and Answer Open
16:50 – 17:00 Conclusion Dr. Ashraf Ali
17:00 – 17:30 Hi Tea All participants
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Appendix – II
Seminar Covered in News
1. Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA
By: Sobia Abbasi
Peshawar, 17 Sept: The current wave of violence in Pakistan, particularly in FATA is not a simple
phenomenon to analyze. FATA has become an ever chaotic society Pakistan has ever seen in its
history. This is an unwanted gift that ‘war on terror’ has given to this society. Military operations,
suicide attacks, explosions, drone attacks and even safety precautions such as long curfew hours
have caused serious psychological and social issues among the people. The traumatic situation in
FATA is unprecedented and the people of FATA are reported to be facing serious social and
psychologicalproblems.
The so called ‘war on terror’ has engulfed their social setup, have made their lives stagnant and also
have made them stuck in the dark pit of multiple problems that are of different nature. People make
society and all the sectors of the society be it economic, political, religious if gets trapped by any
unfavorable force always affect the social life and the psyche of the masses. FATA is in diabolical
hold of insurgency.
This was the crust of the seminar conducted by FATA Research Centre titled “Social and
Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA: Issues and Challenges” here at local hotel in
Peshawar on Tuesday.
Provincial Health Minister Shoukat Ali Yousafzai was the chief guest of the event while other
scholars, politicians, researchers and civil society members addressed the participants. Addressing
as key speaker Shoukat Ali Yousafzai said that his government was sadden over the trauma tribal
people faced over decade but his government would met the promises for restoring peace in the
region through negotiations.
He presented his views on ‘Psycho-social issues: Role of government and Challenges’. He
elaborated that how government is taking relevant steps to deal with this issue so it can help
normalize the society and make it retain its original shape again. ‘The steps taken by Government
are worth appreciating and it is trying its best to compensate the losses and damages, the society of
FATA has faced in the war on terror through different rehabilitation and aid programs with the help
of international donors’.
Writer and psychologist Dr. Khalid Mufti in his speech said that hundreds of patients daily visiting
psychological therapy centers where the majority of patients belonging to FATA. He added that due
to continuous militants’ attacks, drone strikes and bomb blasts in FATA the inhabitants suffering
depression, tension, anxiety and other psychological problems. Mufti demanded that government to
establish psychologicalcenters for the rehabilitation of the sufferers.
Dr. Khalid Mufti explained in detail that how war, militancy and army operations have made all the
fragments of society inert in their core and that has affected the psychology of the people. He told
about his experience and his daily encounter with his patients. ‘The 50% patients I encounter are
suffering from more than one type of psychological disorder and the percentage of patients keeps
on increasing with the time’ he said. He further explained the nature of specific disorders that are
mostly common in his patients and whose backgrounds somehow mostly links back to the ongoing
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war in the area, ‘depression, suicides, PSTD, and phobias are the mostly psychological disorders I
have come across that are the resultant effects of this unwanted war’ he further elaborated.
Writer and researcher Dr. Khadim Hussain while addressing the audience said that the militancy in
Pakistan especially in FATA was the outcome of the unrest of Afghanistan which was created by
powers fighting today against terrorism. He went further to add that peace was not possible without
peace in Afghanistan. The government should quit strategic depth policy for Afghanistan instantly,
he demanded.
The fear of suicide attacks, military operations and especially the drone attacks have led to severe
social consequences that have affected the inhabitants of FATA on individual/psychological level
as well. The natives of FATA complain that drones and militant attacks have left their Bazaars
empty and terrorized, have vacated their mosques, eliminated their Hujras (community center),
made ineffective Jirgas (council of elders) and decreased the number of participants in the funeral
ceremony as people fear of any possible attack on them. It is important to note that to a lot of extent
the tribal life is incomplete without the above mentioned social elements hence local people are not
living their lives in full blaze. Pakistan’s participation in the anti-terrorism campaign has led to
massive unemployment, homelessness, poverty and other social problems and ills . In addition,
frequent incidents of terrorism and displacement of the local population have severely affected the
social fabric of FATA.
In 2009 the Sarhad Hospital for Psychiatric Diseases (SHPD) recorded about 97,000 psychiatric
cases from the violence-hit areas of FATA. It has been estimated that one in six carries few
symptoms of psychological illness. Approximately 90,000 patients examined at a local hospital of
FATA in 2011, about 50,000 had been exposed to militant-related violence or to the military
operation.
The purpose of holding this seminar was to discuss the impacts of violence on the social and
psychological behavior of the people, transcript the stance of government officials and different
political parties on the issue, share the feelings of people directly affected by such activities and
find out solutions for the betterment of the people of FATA. Speaking on the occasion, Dr. Ashraf
Ali gave his analysis on how badly the region is trapped in militancy and how this evil has
sabotaged the social life of the common man.
Dr. Sanya Ismail conveyed her views on the ‘visible social impacts’ as being the member of the
affected society and also an expert psychiatric, she highlighted the major and prevalent social evils
that the society of FATA has faced in the decade long war of terror. She said, ‘the social evils like
broken families, frustration, suicidal attempts, suppression etc are the common and visible social
impacts of this war and curfews imposed in the region’.
In the concluding session Dr. Ashraf Ali gave his remarks on the issue. He said ‘we all as a member
of the Pakistani society have a responsibility to perform, our role as an individual member in
eradicating this evil is important and on individual level we should kill the fear that has spread in
our blood and which is the root cause of evils. We have to normalize our lives ourselves because
God help those who help themselves’ and in the end he thanked all the guests/speakers/participants
for their active participation.
Numbers of scholars, researchers, civil society members, psychologists, journalist and FATA
students attended the seminar.
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2. Psychological problems rife in restive Fata, KP: experts
BUREAU REPORT
PESHAWAR, Sept 17: Suicide attacks, explosions, drone attacks, military operations and
even safety measures like check posts and long curfew hours have badly affected the social
and psychological behaviour of the people in troubled tribal areas and the adjacent
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and thus, leading to high incidence of trauma, fear and depression
in the region.
This was the crux of the presentations made by the speakers, including psychiatrists and
psychologists,during a seminar here on Tuesday.
The seminar was organized by Islamabad-based Fata Research Centre on ‘social and
psychologicalconsequences ofviolence in Fata: issues and challenges’ at a local hotel.
Among the participants were the people from all walks of life, including members of the civil
society, who shared their views and experiences on how violence has impacted the lives of the
people of Fata and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Psychiatrist Dr Khalid Mufti said it was alarming that four per cent of the population had
suffered from mental illnesses in peacetime but in recent years, the percentage of such ill-
people might have reached 40 per cent due to increase in violence. He said trauma was the
direct result of violence and as the violence increased, the society was becoming traumatic.
The psychiatrist said according to a survey, 60 per cent of women in the province and Fata were
using tranquilizers.
He called for strict monitoring of sale of such drugs and measures on part of the government to
provide better psychological treatment facilities for the people hailing from Fata and Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa.
Psychologist and teacher at Islamia College University Dr Sanya Ismail stressed the need for
media to play a positive role in changing the perceptions of the people affected by violence.
She called for diluted form of ‘breaking news’ as frequent bad news also affected peoples’
psychology. She called for more trained psychologists to provide counseling to such people
affected by violence.
However, writer and teacher Professor Khadim Hussain quite in detail gave the causes and the
history of the violence that tortured the people of Fata since the time of British rule.
He called FCR (Frontier Crimes Regulation) a ‘pure example of state violence.’
Mr Hussain also talked about the tribal feuds, militant violence and fear as an instrument to
torture the people psychologically.
He said infrastructures could be rebuilt but the psychological and social recovery after years of
violence would take time.
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The writer said there was a need for changing the war economy into a peace economy to bring a
change in the lives of the people, who had been motivated to fight against Russian and Nato
forces.
He said there was a need to remove the alienation of the people of Fata, who had lost
communication ability due to violence.
“Disruption of cultural cohesion, entertainment and mobility, loss of income generation means,
political marginalization and education backwardness are the fallout of the insecurity and
violence,” he said.
Mr Hussain said if the government took serious measures to remove the problems, there was a
chance that the people’s lives could return to normalcy, though it might be a time taking
process.
Dr Ashraf Ali, who heads FRC, said the purpose of holding such seminars was not only to
provide a forum to the people of Fata, who had been directly affected by violence, to share their
feelings but also to learn and find solutions of their problems. He said the research conducted at
the centre showed that violence had increased over the years but the people of Fata had shown
resilience.“The situation has created social and psychologicalproblems,” he said.
3. Socio-Psychological rampant problems in FATA
By: Danish Baber
Due to the Predominating socio-psychological issues among the victims of violence in FATA and
to find out solutions for the amelioration of the people of FATA, seminaron “Social and
Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA: Issues and Challenges” was organized by
FATA Research Center FRC in Peshawar dated September 17, 2013, reported by Duetsche Welle
Radio.
4. Psychological and sociological effects of violence in FATA
By: Noor Haleem
Effects of war on terror (anti-terrorism campaign) on FATA people changed sociological and
psychological behavior of people living in conflicting zones. Insurgency brought various economic,
social and psychological sufferings to the natives of FATA. To identify the basic sociological
factors which are causing socio-psychological problem in FATA, Seminar on “Social and
Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA: Issues and Challenges” was organized by
19. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in Fata: Issues and Challenges Page 16
FATA Research Center FRC in Peshawar dated September 17, 2013, reported by NBS Radio
Pakistan.
5. War on terror Socio-psychological impacts on FATA
By: Rahamullah
Ongoing war in FATA prevailed, depression, suicides, PSTD, phobias and other psychological
disorders in people, that are the resultant affects of this unwanted war’. It also hit the social setup of
FATA and disturbed the whole society. To find out the solutions to end this war in FATA and to
share the feelings and experiences of people directly affected by such activities , Seminar on
“Social and Psychological Consequences of Violence in FATA: Issues and Challenges” was
organized by FRC (FATA Research Center) in Peshawar dated September 17, 2013, reported by
BBC Urdu.
6. Impact and Instrumentality of violence in FATA
By: Muhammad Ali Johar
Drone attacks, military operations and acts of terrorism are a cause of frustration and insecurity,
people suffering facing these challenges can easily be brainwashed into committing acts of terroror
for creating social disturbances. People of FATA and especially youth of FATA is frustrated due to
uncertainty, fear, unemployment and backwardness. To share the views and experiences of people
directly affected by terrorism Seminar on “Social and PsychologicalConsequences of Violence in
FATA: Issues and Challenges” was organized by FRC (FATA Research Center) in Peshawar dated
September 17, 2013, reported by NCAC.
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7. Seminar on social and psychological issues inFATA
By: HairanMohmand
8. Lead Pakistan Newspaper
21. FATA ResearchCenter [Seminar Report]
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Appendix - III
Glimpses of Seminar