The document summarizes issues facing internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Pakistan, particularly those from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). It notes that over 1.75 million families are displaced and residing in camps or host communities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province due to conflict and violence in FATA. The largest camp, Jalozai, struggles to meet needs as international aid has decreased. Stories from IDPs like six-year-old Amna illustrate the difficulties of living in camps with inadequate shelter, supplies, and access to healthcare and education. While the government provides some assistance, many IDPs resort to debt, selling assets, or begging to survive. Major reforms are needed to
A list of people that inspired a popular website to nominate them as 'MOST INSPIRING' for 2009. Unfortunately they only limited their choice to Americans.
First india jaipur edition-22 november 2020FIRST INDIA
Get Exclusive Rajasthani News in english from Rajasthan,India & around the world. First India-Rajasthan provides Indian Newspapers In English Exclusive on politics, sports, entertainment, business, life style and many more.Choose once us among All India Newspaper players like The Times of India,Hindustan Times & The Hindu.Visit First India News Paper For Latest News Update.
Visit:- https://firstindia.co.in/newspaper
A list of people that inspired a popular website to nominate them as 'MOST INSPIRING' for 2009. Unfortunately they only limited their choice to Americans.
First india jaipur edition-22 november 2020FIRST INDIA
Get Exclusive Rajasthani News in english from Rajasthan,India & around the world. First India-Rajasthan provides Indian Newspapers In English Exclusive on politics, sports, entertainment, business, life style and many more.Choose once us among All India Newspaper players like The Times of India,Hindustan Times & The Hindu.Visit First India News Paper For Latest News Update.
Visit:- https://firstindia.co.in/newspaper
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE REFUGEES CRISIS 3
Annotated Bibliography on the Refugees Crisis
Kaleena Springsteen
GEN 499 General Education Capstone
David Benders
May 7, 2018
Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE REFUGEES CRISIS 1
Annotated Bibliography on the Refugees Crisis
Introduction
Thousands of persons flee their homes because of wars, natural disasters, and persecutions in the hope of findings safer and better places for their survival. They cannot return to their homes because of safety concerns. Currently, there are millions of refugees across the globe, thereby leading to a crisis. The problem has been driven by the political instability in the Middle East, which as, in turn, provided the terrorist groups with the ideal conditions to conduct their activities. Also religious persecutions, such as the Rohingya Muslims problem in Myanmar have played a leading role in the increased number of refugees across the globe. Refugees experience numerous challenges upon leaving their homes. They are forced to live in tents in the camps where they lack access to basic needs and social amenities. Over the years, the United Nations through the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) have been assisting these persons with the essential commodities. However, the increasing number of refugees implies that a single organization cannot sustain their needs alone.
Thesis statement: Thus, the global community needs to find collective approaches of solving the conflicts that affect international community to prevent persons from fleeing their homes and enabling those in the refugees’ camps to return to their homes.
The Annotated Bibliography
Abdullahi, A. M. (1994). The Refugee Crisis in Africa as a Crisis of the Institution of the State. International Journal of Refugee Law, Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 562–580. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/6.4.562
According to the journal, scarcely any nation in Africa has been spared from the adverse effects of the internal displacements and refugees. These challenges are driven by the internal contradictions among the African states, which can be rectified only through changing the institutions and structures. The refugee situation in Africa is modeled largely on the colonial institutions that have little regard for the nations’ peculiarities. Thus, the exclusion of ethnic factors during the partitioning of the continent and its later management has played a crucial role in the onset and development of the refugee problem in Africa. In the journal, Abdullahi explores how the failures of the individual states have made it difficult for the continent to solve the refugee crisis. He says that this challenge is driven by the crisis of the governments that, in turn, makes the administrations unable to find societal balance and juridical viability. These conditions prevent the states to distribute resources equally among the different ethnic nationalities, thereby creating internal conflicts. .
Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan Tribal Areas (Nov 2014 Report)fatanews
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | As Printed in the November 2014 Report: FATA Faces FATA Voices.
Shackled for more than one hundred years under an outdated British law, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan has been plagued by instability extending well beyond its colonial-era border with Afghanistan. Excluded from essential provisions of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the tribal areas are administered through a legal and administrative regulation known as the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR), originally imposed in 1901. No act of the Parliament of Pakistan applies to FATA unless extended by special orders from the President of Pakistan. Furthermore and despite the continuous struggle of the people there, FATA enjoys no elected representation at local or provincial levels, and until 1996 tribal citizens had no universal voting rights in elections for the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | Reports and Photographs from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan.
Published in November 2014, the report features photos taken by young photographers from FATA, examples of everyday life in Mohmand, Khyber, Kurram and South Waziristan agencies. Images of the iconic Khyber Pass and many towns along the border with Afghanistan lend a real-life dimension to this largely unknown, and often ignored or misrepresented region of Pakistan. In a part of the world where photography is uncommon, these photographs depict subtle interactions of FATA citizens at work, at school and during informal moments throughout the tribal areas.
The report text, entitled "The Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan's Tribal Areas" describes the history and trajectory of reform demands made by Pakistani citizens, civil society groups and the people of FATA. Also included are quotes from citizens and political leaders, collected to show opinions and visions for the future of FATA. Voices included demonstrate a strong desire for equal rights and equal participation in the context of Pakistan's evolving democracy.
For those who know the tribal areas well, this report may serve as a reminder of the great number of Pakistanis working for a brighter future for FATA. For those previously not aware of the political activities in FATA, the report may provide a new and unique glimpse at the diverse richness of the culture and people in Pakistan's tribal areas.
The 75 photographs were carefully selected from over 1,000 that were submitted for review. All are from young photographers between the ages of 17 and 30, from varied socio-economic backgrounds in FATA. Without their efforts and talent, the report would not have been possible. Many thanks to the photographers--and those featured in their work--for the privilege of sharing these images and the stories they tell.
Photographers: Alimgir Khan, Ammad Ahmed Khan, Azmatullah, Faryal Mohmmand, Faisal Khan, Huma Gul, Irfan Ali, Jebran Yousefzia, Rizwan Bhittani, Rohida, Saba Rehman, Sara Qayum, Seema Gul and Shah Jehan.
Notice to NGOs to Hire Staff from FATA (SAFRON Ministry, 11 Nov 2014)fatanews
After receiving direction from the SAFRON Committee in the National Assembly, the SAFRON Ministry has informed NGOs working in FATA that they should hire the maximum number of employees with FATA domicile and not with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa domicile.
FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward (Urdu, CGPA Policy Brief, Oct...fatanews
English version available at: https://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/cgpa-fata-reforms-policy-brief-2014-october --- CGPA policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). A timely report when the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE REFUGEES CRISIS 3
Annotated Bibliography on the Refugees Crisis
Kaleena Springsteen
GEN 499 General Education Capstone
David Benders
May 7, 2018
Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE REFUGEES CRISIS 1
Annotated Bibliography on the Refugees Crisis
Introduction
Thousands of persons flee their homes because of wars, natural disasters, and persecutions in the hope of findings safer and better places for their survival. They cannot return to their homes because of safety concerns. Currently, there are millions of refugees across the globe, thereby leading to a crisis. The problem has been driven by the political instability in the Middle East, which as, in turn, provided the terrorist groups with the ideal conditions to conduct their activities. Also religious persecutions, such as the Rohingya Muslims problem in Myanmar have played a leading role in the increased number of refugees across the globe. Refugees experience numerous challenges upon leaving their homes. They are forced to live in tents in the camps where they lack access to basic needs and social amenities. Over the years, the United Nations through the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) have been assisting these persons with the essential commodities. However, the increasing number of refugees implies that a single organization cannot sustain their needs alone.
Thesis statement: Thus, the global community needs to find collective approaches of solving the conflicts that affect international community to prevent persons from fleeing their homes and enabling those in the refugees’ camps to return to their homes.
The Annotated Bibliography
Abdullahi, A. M. (1994). The Refugee Crisis in Africa as a Crisis of the Institution of the State. International Journal of Refugee Law, Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 562–580. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/6.4.562
According to the journal, scarcely any nation in Africa has been spared from the adverse effects of the internal displacements and refugees. These challenges are driven by the internal contradictions among the African states, which can be rectified only through changing the institutions and structures. The refugee situation in Africa is modeled largely on the colonial institutions that have little regard for the nations’ peculiarities. Thus, the exclusion of ethnic factors during the partitioning of the continent and its later management has played a crucial role in the onset and development of the refugee problem in Africa. In the journal, Abdullahi explores how the failures of the individual states have made it difficult for the continent to solve the refugee crisis. He says that this challenge is driven by the crisis of the governments that, in turn, makes the administrations unable to find societal balance and juridical viability. These conditions prevent the states to distribute resources equally among the different ethnic nationalities, thereby creating internal conflicts. .
Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan Tribal Areas (Nov 2014 Report)fatanews
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | As Printed in the November 2014 Report: FATA Faces FATA Voices.
Shackled for more than one hundred years under an outdated British law, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan has been plagued by instability extending well beyond its colonial-era border with Afghanistan. Excluded from essential provisions of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the tribal areas are administered through a legal and administrative regulation known as the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR), originally imposed in 1901. No act of the Parliament of Pakistan applies to FATA unless extended by special orders from the President of Pakistan. Furthermore and despite the continuous struggle of the people there, FATA enjoys no elected representation at local or provincial levels, and until 1996 tribal citizens had no universal voting rights in elections for the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Link: http://bit.ly/fatareport | Reports and Photographs from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan.
Published in November 2014, the report features photos taken by young photographers from FATA, examples of everyday life in Mohmand, Khyber, Kurram and South Waziristan agencies. Images of the iconic Khyber Pass and many towns along the border with Afghanistan lend a real-life dimension to this largely unknown, and often ignored or misrepresented region of Pakistan. In a part of the world where photography is uncommon, these photographs depict subtle interactions of FATA citizens at work, at school and during informal moments throughout the tribal areas.
The report text, entitled "The Struggle for Rights and Reforms in Pakistan's Tribal Areas" describes the history and trajectory of reform demands made by Pakistani citizens, civil society groups and the people of FATA. Also included are quotes from citizens and political leaders, collected to show opinions and visions for the future of FATA. Voices included demonstrate a strong desire for equal rights and equal participation in the context of Pakistan's evolving democracy.
For those who know the tribal areas well, this report may serve as a reminder of the great number of Pakistanis working for a brighter future for FATA. For those previously not aware of the political activities in FATA, the report may provide a new and unique glimpse at the diverse richness of the culture and people in Pakistan's tribal areas.
The 75 photographs were carefully selected from over 1,000 that were submitted for review. All are from young photographers between the ages of 17 and 30, from varied socio-economic backgrounds in FATA. Without their efforts and talent, the report would not have been possible. Many thanks to the photographers--and those featured in their work--for the privilege of sharing these images and the stories they tell.
Photographers: Alimgir Khan, Ammad Ahmed Khan, Azmatullah, Faryal Mohmmand, Faisal Khan, Huma Gul, Irfan Ali, Jebran Yousefzia, Rizwan Bhittani, Rohida, Saba Rehman, Sara Qayum, Seema Gul and Shah Jehan.
Notice to NGOs to Hire Staff from FATA (SAFRON Ministry, 11 Nov 2014)fatanews
After receiving direction from the SAFRON Committee in the National Assembly, the SAFRON Ministry has informed NGOs working in FATA that they should hire the maximum number of employees with FATA domicile and not with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa domicile.
FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward (Urdu, CGPA Policy Brief, Oct...fatanews
English version available at: https://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/cgpa-fata-reforms-policy-brief-2014-october --- CGPA policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). A timely report when the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
This FATA Reforms News Summary is a 37-page document containing a selection of opinion and news articles regarding recommendations for further reforms in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The summary document contains articles, legal documents and other resources from June to October 2014.
The reforms priorities in the document include a Constitution amendment bill presented in the Senate of Pakistan to extend the jurisdiction of High Court and Supreme Court to FATA, a resolution put forward in the National Assembly to shift legislative powers for FATA from the President to the parliament, a new policy brief on FATA reforms by the Centre for Governance and Public Accountability (CGPA), a FATA Committee press release urging equal rights for North Waziristan IDPs, a summary and analysis of the recent Peshawar High Court judgment regarding FATA jurisdiction, and others.
CGPA FATA Reforms Launch Invitation (21 Oct 2014)fatanews
A Center for Governance & Public Accountability (CGPA) policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward is a timely report as the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
Policy Brief PDF Link: http://bit.ly/cgpafata
FATA Governance Reforms: Issues and Way Forward (CGPA Policy Brief, October 2...fatanews
Urdu version available at: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/fata-governance-reforms-issues-and-way-forward-urdu-cgpa-policy-brief-october-2014 --- CGPA policy brief for Pakistan lawmakers to inform debate on legal and political reform for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). A timely report when the Senate considers a constitution amendment bill and MNA discussions are underway.
Peshawar High Court FATA Judgment Analysis (2014)fatanews
Article 1(c) of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan defines the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) as part of the Republic’s territories in addition to the four provinces of Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh and the Islamabad Capital Territory. Chapter 1 (Articles 8-28) of the Constitution guarantees Fundamental Rights to the citizens in the territories of the Republic. The Fundamental Rights, inter alia, include the security of person, safeguard as to arrest and detention, the right to fair trial, freedom of movement, assembly, association, speech, and equality of citizens. Article 8 of the Constitution provides that any law, custom or usage having the force of law, which is inconsistent or in derogation of the Fundamental Rights is void.
In contrast to the spirit of the Constitution and the Fundamental Rights contained therein, there exists no judicial forum for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights in FATA. Justice in FATA is dispensed through a quasi-judicial system in accordance with the provisions of a colonial law known as the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR) 1901. The FCR concentrates all judicial and executive powers in the office of the Political Agent/Deputy Commissioner, a senior civil servant of the federal government. In contravention of due process of law, citizens in FATA have no right to fair trial and have little safeguard against arbitrary arrest and detention.
Because of its geographical proximity to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, , the people of FATA often approach the Peshawar High Court (PHC) for the enforcement of their Fundamental Rights, despite the bar of jurisdiction of the High Courts under Article 247(7) of the Constitution. Several petitions relating to FATA were filed in the PHC during 2013 and 2014, related to four broad categories: 1) illegal detentions by political agents in FATA, 2) service matters of the employees working in FATA, 3) contract matters, and 4) Fundamental Rights. In order to address these petitions in accordance with constitutional provisions, the PHC constituted a “larger bench” for the hearings. The Court also appointed seven eminent amicus curiae to assist it on eight specific points.
The Court, after hearing arguments from counsels for the parties and submissions of the amicus curiae, wherein all the previous judgments of the superior courts were exhaustively discussed (see annex for details), considered the matter and passed its judgment on April 7, 2014. The judgment highlights the contradictions in the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and safe administration of justice in FATA. The Court arrived at the conclusion that it has no jurisdiction in areas that constitute FATA except in relation to the terms and conditions of service of the civil servants, development contracts and detentions that violate Section 86-A of the Criminal Procedure Code of Pakistan.
The mandate of the commission is to formulate and propose clear strategic objectives, strategies, policies and action plans and put forward recommendations for the approval of the Governor Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Commission will also overview the implementation of the reform initiatives and propose “mid-course corrections” as and when required.
Mapping PCNA Investments in FATA (January 2014)fatanews
A report of the Post-crisis Needs Assessment implementation support unit for FATA, this document details the previous and ongoing investments in the tribal areas, particularly focusing on areas of work and reform identified in the PCNA document. Complete PCNA document can be found here: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/postcrisis-needs-assessment-pcna-for-fata-and-khyber-pakhtunkhwa
Post-crisis Needs Assessment (PCNA) for FATA and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Septembe...fatanews
As assessment of needs in FATA and KP as part of the World Bank-implemented Multi-donor Trust Fund project. The document includes concrete recommendations for administrative, political and legal reforms for Pakistan's tribal areas.
The FATA Reforms news update below is a 16-page document containing a selection of opinion and news articles regarding recommendations for further reforms in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The summary document contains articles from April to May 2014.
The reforms priorities in the document include the establishing of a new FATA Reforms Commission by recently appointed Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Governor Sardar Mehtab Ahmed Khan, the historic April 7, 2014 judgment of the Peshawar High Court regarding FATA jurisdiction and Article 247 of the constitution, and calls for greater transparency in the tribal areas and others.
Details previous elected National Assembly deputies as well as electoral roll data for the May 2013 elections. Briefing courtesy of http://www.slideshare.net/tayyebafridi
Peshawar High Court Judgment on FATA Jurisdiction (April 2014)fatanews
MAY 6, 2014: The Peshawar High Court (PHC) on Monday advised the federal government to submit a reference in the Parliament for suitable amendments to the Constitution with an aim to protect fundamental human rights in the tribal region. The advice was given by a larger bench in a detailed judgment over matters related to illegal detentions and issues of government servants.
The PHC on Monday issued a 46-page judgment related to Fata, in which a larger bench comprising the then PHC chief justice Mian Fasihul Mulk, present Chief Justice Mazhar Alam Miankhel, Justice Yahya Afridi, Justice Qaiser Rasheed and Justice Malik Manzoor Hussain declared that the high court had jurisdiction to hear cases of the employees of provincial and federal governments serving in Fata.
About arrest of people from settled areas by the political administration, the bench declared that the high court could assume its jurisdiction in illegal arrest by the political administration. The bench stated that the arrest would be illegal if political administration did not fulfil procedure under section 86-A of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), before shifting the arrested persons to tribal areas from the settled areas.
The bench declared that the high court had jurisdiction to hear the cases if the incident or any other agreements on business and other matters took place in settled areas between private parties and action was taken by the political authorities.
The bench said the court would decide its jurisdiction in the service maters of those employees who were directly appointed by the political authorities when such cases come to the court for hearing.
However, the bench declared that the high court had no jurisdiction to hear cases related to various matters occurring in Fata and illegal arrests of tribal people there.The judgment said the political agents’ basic duty was to run the administrative affairs of various tribal agencies, but at the same time they also act as judge and sentenced the tribal people under the FCR.
The bench declared that there was no system to control the unlimited powers of the political agents and that was why they were committing serious violations of fundamental human rights and giving decisions on their own free will and under sub-Article 7 of Article 247 of Constitution their divisions are not challenged in the high court.
Therefore, the court declared sub-article 7 of Article 247 of the Constitution inconsistent with articles related to fundamental rights and advised the federal government to submit a reference in the parliament for suitable amendments to the said article.
“We are advising the federal government to submit a reference in the National Assembly and Senate for suitable amendments in sub-article 7 of Article 247 of the Constitution. People of Fata are citizens of Pakistan, but imposing restriction through this article of the Constitution against tribal people to get fundamental rights.
Local Government in FATA: Failures, Challenges, Prospects (FATA Research Cent...fatanews
ISLAMABAD, April 22, 2014: The tribal people demanded immediate extension of local governments system to tribal territories to mainstream the Federally Administered Tribal Areas both politically and socially with rest of the country.
This was the crux of a Study Report titled "Local Government in FATA: Past Failures, Current Challenges and Future Prospects" launched by Islamabad-based think tank - FATA Research Center - at a local hotel here on Tuesday.
The report is prepared after conducting extensive surveys, interviews and round tables conferences with different stakeholders including tribal people, elders, political and legal experts, academia, media men and government officials.
Speaking at a launching ceremony as a chief guest, Federal Minister for State and Frontier Regions (SAFRON) Lt Gen (R) Qadir Baloch, said the findings of the report are manifesting the fact that tribal people are politically aware and demanding participation in affairs of the state through democratically elected bodies.
The minister elaborated that we haven't decided yet about the date of conducting local bodies elections in entire of Pakistan and will introduce the local government system in FATA before its elections.
Local Government Reforms in Pakistan: Context, Content and Causes fatanews
This paper examines the recent decentralization reforms in Pakistan under
General Musharraf. We highlight major aspects of this reform and analyze its
evolution in a historical context to better understand potential causes behind this
current decentralization. Analyzing the evolution of local government reforms in
Pakistan is interesting because each of the three major reform experiments has
been instituted at the behest of a non-representative centre using a ‘top down’
approach. Each of these reform experiments is a complementary change to a
wider constitutional reengineering strategy devised to further centralization of
political power in the hands of the non-representative centre. We argue that the
design of the local government reforms in these contexts becomes endogenous to
the centralization objectives of the non-representative centre. It is hoped that
analyzing the Pakistani experience will help shed light on the positive political
economy question of why non-representative regimes have been willing
proponents of decentralization to the local level.
Impediments to Integrating FATA in Pakistan Mainstream (2009, Muhammad Tayyab...fatanews
This paper aims to analyze the impediments involved in integration of the FATA in the national mainstream of Pakistan with a view to make suitable recommendations. This paper briefly discusses the historical background and provides a short overview of the administrative, judicial, political and socio-economic aspects of the FATA. In assessing the underlying causes of the FATA problem, this paper suggests a significant change to the FATA’s status quo as an essential and effective measure. To understand the FATA conundrum, case studies of handling Pashtuns residing in the region of the NWF by British, Soviets and later by Pakistan have been done. It has provided a better understanding and apt analysis of the current situation. The paper also addresses the concerns of Pakistan on the involvement of foreign hand in destabilizing the situation inside the FATA and other parts of Pakistan. As the credibility of such like information is always difficult to ascertain; therefore, occasional release of related news in the media and comments of senior Pakistani officials and journalist have been used as base facts for drawing relevant conclusion.
The world at large and Pakistanis in particular have to unveil forces working behind the scenes in the FATA. In addition, an effective reform package with a potent media campaign is required to go in to the FATA, thereby not only making the locals aware of the sensitivity of the problem of extremism coupled with terrorism in their society but to make the reminder of Pakistanis also realize that the FATA requires a national effort of integration which cannot be left to only one component of government i.e. Army and other LEAs.
Impediments to Integrating FATA in Pakistan Mainstream (2009, Muhammad Tayyab...
Voices from FATA #44 (June 2013)
1. 1 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
EDITORIAL
Greetings from the editorial team of ‘Voices from FATA’!
The July-August 2013 issue of our newsletter highlights the important issue of displacement
that continues to affect not only KP and FATA but is also placing a burden on our national
security and economy. Counter terrorism and counter insurgency operations and other armed
violence are constantly resulting in waves of Internally Displaced People (IDPs) in Pakistan’s
already volatile North West regions.
In addition, the displacement issue also needs to be dealt with on an urgent basis and families
must be provided with financial and other assistance. Alternatives to repatriation, in case of
continuing security threats in FATA, such as local integration must also be sought. The
government must intensify its efforts and put into practice lessons learnt – in particular, the
experience of Afghan ‘refugees’ – and move towards mutually acceptable solutions instead of
conventional solutions which may no longer be appropriate. However, international
humanitarian aid must also be sought and developmental organisations should be facilitated by
reducing bureaucratic constraints on accessing difficult areas.
Our cover story on IDPs residing in camps and host communities and their issues begins on
Page 2, highlighting not only the problems faced by the displaced, but also looks towards
solutions and provides recommendations for a future plan of action.
In relation to security, July 2013 proved to be the most violent month of this year after January
which resulted in more than 250 casualties. In contrast, August was peaceful with only nine
violent incidents resulting in 10 deaths and six people injured. Details on the security situation
are provided on Page 6.
In the news section, we have included stories on the government’s efforts to bring about peace
in FATA; a redoubling of the quota for students belonging to the tribal region; and, the role of
peace committees in Wana, South Waziristan, in maintaining peace. A news story on the
demand for the Supreme Court of Pakistan and High Courts’ jurisdiction to be extended to FATA
put forward by the FATA Lawyers’ Forum is also included. These news stories appear on Pages
7-9.
With the new democratic government assuming power, it is heartening to note that steps are
being taken to bring about peace in FATA with the inclusion of key stakeholders; such efforts, if
continued with sincerity, will demonstrate to the tribal people the centre’s willingness to
address their problems.
We believe local NGOs must also continue to play a role in addressing the basic needs of IDPs;
CAMP, in particular has led from the front in relation to providing emergency relief and primary
health care for displaced families in Jalozai since 2009.
Recently CAMP concluded a cash grants project for the IDPs from Tirah, living in Kohat. And we
hope to carry on our efforts in providing services to the IDPs until they can return to their
homes, in safety and dignity. InshAllah!
Barrister Irum Ali Khan
Editor and Advocacy Coordinator
CAMP Office, Islamabad
July– August 2013 | Issue No. 44
CONTENTS
COVER STORY
THE INTERNALLY
DISPLACED OF PAKISTAN:
ST R U G G L I N G T O SU R V I V E ... 2
FATA SECURITY ... 6
MONITOR
FATA IN THE NEWS ...7
This e-newsletter will be published
by CAMP periodically. Its contents
may be reproduced or cited
provided the source is
acknowledged.
The views expressed in this
publication are not necessarily of
CAMP. To subscribe or send your
feedback, write to us at:
Email: camp@camp.org.pk
Website: www.camp.org.pk
M O N T H L Y N E W S L E T T E R
Editorial Team
Irum Ali Khan
Said Afzal Shinwari
Layout & Design by: M. M. Tahir Saeed
P.O. Box 765, Islamabad,
Pakistan
E-mail: camp@camp.org.pk
Website: www.camp.org.pk
2. 2 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
TTHHEE IINNTTEERRNNAALLLLYY DDIISSPPLLAACCEEDD OOFF PPAAKKIISSTTAANN::
SSttrruugggglliinngg ttoo SSuurrvviivvee
In addition to hosting millions of refugees in the past,
Pakistan also has the largest communities of Internally
Displaced Persons (IDPs) in the world. According to the
latest UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and Provincial Disaster
Management Authority (PDMA) estimates, a total of
1,75,030 displaced families are residing in camps and host
communities across Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province – the
vast majority originate from the Federally Administered
Tribal Areas (FATA) who were forced to leave their homes
due to the militancy and conflict.
Jalozai is the biggest and widely recognised camp for
refugees and IDPs in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province. It
was initially established in 1980 for Afghan refugees
fleeing the Soviet invasion. However, by May 2008 it was
officially proclaimed to be a hub for IDPs from across KP
and FATA.
In the aftermath of conflict, humanitarian aid began
flooding into Pakistan to address the IDP crisis; however,
with time both interest and support from the international
community has waned. It has also lost its appeal to the
media and seems to have become a universally accepted
truth attracting few stories and articles on occasion.
A Pakistani journalist, Ms. Kiran Nazish uncovers the
‘human element’ which been highlighted by numerous
other journalists and investigators who interview affected
families and draw attention to their plight in IDP camps. In
her article titled ‘The Bleak Lives of Pakistan’s Internally
Displaced’, the account of a girl named Amna, living with
her family at Jalozai, illustrating the hardships faced by
most families living there is provided below.
The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) reports that the
most affected areas in FATA are the Khyber and Kurram
agencies which have forced people to leave their homes
due to terrorism and counter terrorism, as well as clashes
between militant groups/ factions. OCHA has also
estimated that the number of people who have been
displaced since mid March to early June stands at 1,31,000
in 2013 alone.
Despite reassurances by government authorities, hundreds
of IDPs complain about the lack of utilities, supplies and
food in camps, and generally it is those living in camps who
are perceived to be most in need. However, according to
NRC, two-thirds of IDPs outside camps live below the
poverty line and do not have access to food, housing and
basic facilities.1
1
North West Pakistan: Massive new displacement and Falling Returns
require rights-based response;
http://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/north-west-pakistan-massive-new-
displacement-and-falling-returns-require-rights
3. 3 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
According to IRIN, families such as Amna’s, in addition to
suffering from the overall psychological trauma of
dislocation, often fall victim to ‘negative coping strategies’
when they are forced to start purchasing food and shelter
to survive. The immediate and urgent need is for cash
which results in debt that most are unable to pay and
selling their assets. The Internally Displaced Person
Vulnerability Assessment and Profiling (IVAP) survey shows
that a large proportion of IDPs from FATA have resorted to
negative coping strategies for survival; 30 percent of
families purchase food on credit, and 21.7 percent borrow
food, or ask friends and relatives for help.2
Apart from the problems of IDPs themselves, massive
displacement has created serious security and protection
challenges as well as potential and actual violations of
rights and fundamental freedoms. It has been observed
that only those families who are able to meet government
criteria for registration are eligible for food assistance.
Despite efforts to improve the registration process, there
are serious concerns about its impartiality and accessibility
for the most vulnerable. It is obvious that major reform is
essential to “bring the criteria for registration into line with
2
IRIN: ‘Pakistan’s IDPs find it can get worse’ -
http://www.irinnews.org/report/98524/pakistan-s-idps-find-it-can-get-
worse
“I want to go back home,” says a little girl named
Amna, who has spent most of her life here in the IDP
(internally displaced persons) Camp in Jalozai. Amna is
six and a half years old and her family moved here four
years ago, escaping military operations against
terrorists in the Khyber Agency tribal area of Pakistan.
She doesn’t remember her village in Khyber, or any of
those children or games that her elder siblings talk
about all the time. But she has a fantasy of how things
would be if she goes back home. Her idea of home is
constructed by the stories and life that her older
siblings and parents have shared with her.
She picks up two water buckets and starts walking,
chuckling, spilling water on her way to her home
where she now lives. It’s a tattered dusty tent with
stitches here and there, reminding of the rain that tore
the cloth tent in winter, seeping chilly wind inside.
Amna shudders at the memory of the last winter. “We
don’t have clothes that are warm enough,” she says.
“And donations with sweaters or warm clothes have
stopped coming in so we did not have enough to fight
the monstrous cold this past winter.”
Amna works a few hours every day delivering water to
different families in her camp neighborhood to make
some money for her mother’s medicine. They have to
go to a private hospital since the government facilities
at the Jalozai camp are scarce and doctors are almost
never available. Amna has vowed to bring more money
to their family of seven, along with her other elder
siblings – all of whom work. “Maybe if we have more
money, we will one day go back and rebuild our home
(in Khyber Agency).”
Excerpts from ‘Pakistan’s Internally Displaced’, Kiran
Nazish (The Diplomat, 16th
August 2013)
4. 4 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and to
deliver assistance to those most in need, including
protracted and urban IDPs.”3
Despite humanitarian assistance from the private sector
and a few continuing international efforts, there is
nonetheless a vacuum that needs to be filled with timely
and appropriate government action. The displacement
issue must be tackled to address the growing number if
IDPs and develop durable solutions for the future.
Recommendations from the NRC include registration and
assistance of vulnerable IDPs displaced for prolonged
periods and substantive policies which support local
integration. In addition, community based programmes
which also address the problems of both host populations
as well as the displaced must be developed to facilitate
3
Ibid
integration as a viable alternative to repatriation especially
in light of security concerns.
An Early Recovery Assistance Framework (ERAF) for FATA
which was introduced in March 2013 represents a
welcome step in this direction and can help in creating a
constructive environment for IDPs. However, more
concentrated efforts are required by the government and
developmental organisations to ensure effective
implementation of this framework and to guarantee safe
and voluntary repatriation.
Also, the government must take positive steps to reduce
the bureaucratic constraints on humanitarian
organisations and facilitate their access to displaced
populations. It is essential that the principles of
international humanitarian laws are respected for the
benefit of both aid workers and beneficiaries.
Security concerns at camps such as Jalozai are yet to be
addressed by authorities. The media often reports bomb
blasts and suicide attacks which further deteriorate
conditions. On 21st
March 2013, Jalozai saw its worst bomb
attack which killed 15 people and injured dozens, including
women and children.
Even though the government itself favours IDPs’ return
and large scale voluntary repatriation, and nearly all
families do wish to return, factors such as constant
insecurity, damaged infrastructure and lack of
compensation or aid packages means that tens of
thousands of families cannot do so. Since 2008, more than
three million people have returned to FATA, but the
repatriation process has slowed down dramatically since
last year.
“The impact of the withdrawal of
NATO and US troops from
neighbouring Afghanistan in 2014
on the north-west’s displacement
crisis is uncertain, but whatever its
effect sufficient international
humanitarian funding for
Pakistan’s IDPs must be
guaranteed in 2013 and beyond.”
5. 5 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
6. 6 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
FFAATTAA SSEECCUURRIITTYY MMOONNIITTOORR
TYPE OF INCIDENT
JULY AUGUST
No Killed Injured No Killed Injured
Bomb attacks 2 4 4 2 5 -
Landmine explosions 1 1 1 3 3 2
Mortar shelling 2 2 9 - - -
Suicide bombings 2 53 103 - - -
IEDs 3 5 7 1 - 4
Drone attacks 6 64 2 - - -
Military/SF operations 8 71 6 - - -
By unidentified/militant groups 10 54 21 2 2 -
Hand Grenades - - - 1 - -
Rocket/missile attacks 1 - 4 - - -
TOTAL 35 254 157 9 10 6
As illustrated in the table above, a sudden increase in
violence was witnessed in the month of July 2013 with a
total of 35 incidents resulting in more than 250 casualties.
Security operations against militants have continued with
the same intensity along with attacks from militants
targeting security personnel and civilians alike.
On 26th
July, 48 persons were killed and 100 others were
injured in coordinated twin suicide attacks at Parachinar in
Kurram Agency. Suicide bombers on motorcycles blew
themselves up within a minute of each other outside an
Imambargah in Parachinar bazaar targeting the Shia
community.
There were six drone attacks; three occurrences of IEDs
planted by militants targeting security personnel; two
incidents of bomb attacks and mortar shelling injuring
women and children. Militants also intensified their
attacks on military forces at specific check posts across the
tribal region.
In contrast, the intensity of violence dramatically reduced
in August 2013 with the least number of violent incidents –
nine – and resulting deaths observed in the year thus far.
No incidents of mortar shelling, suicide bombings, or
drone attacks were reported this month.
In both months, girls’ schools continued to be targeted by
militants; one incident in July was an attack on a girls
school in Wana, South Waziristan, while the second
targeted a school for girls in Khar Tehsil of Bajaur Agency
in August. However, no casualties were reported in either
incident.
7. 7 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
FFAATTAA IINN TTHHEE NNEEWWSS
KKHHYYBBEERR PPAAKKHHTTUUNNKKHHWWAA
GGOOVVEERRNNOORR LLAAUUDDSS RROOLLEE OOFF
WWAANNAA’’SS PPEEAACCEE CCOOMMMMIITTTTEEEE
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Governor Engineer Shaukatullah has
said that 80 percent work on construction of an electricity
transmission line from Gomal Zam Dam Project to Wana as
well as Wana Grid Station has been completed.
Addressing a Grand Jirga of Ahmadzai Wazir, Dotani and
Sulaiman Khel tribes of South Waziristan at Wana on
Thursday, the Governor also reminded the tribal elders
that the employees of WAPDA engaged in construction of
Gomal Zam Project who were kidnapped sometime back
were yet to be recovered and there was a need that the
tribes of the agency should also extend a helping hand to
ensure their safe return.
The Governor highly eulogised the role and contribution of
the members of the Peace Committee of Wana and
expressed confidence that it would meet with more
success in future. He also assured every possible support
to the Committee. The Governor on this occasion also
announced the up-gradation of the Degree College for
Boys at Wana to Postgraduate level and said that the
project would be launched during the current year.
The Governor earlier attended the first convocation of the
Cadet College, Wana as its Chief Guest. An MNA from
South Waziristan, Ghalib Khan; Principal Secretary to
Governor, Muhammad Abid Majeed who also looks after
the education sector in FATA; and, Political Agent of South
Waziristan Agency, Islamzeb Khan were also present on
the occasion.
Referring to the demands put forward by a prominent
tribal elder of the agency, Malik Muhammad Ajmal Khan,
the Governor pointed out that he was keenly interested in
socio-economic development oriented projects in the
agency and that he would shortly examine the pace of
progress on the ongoing projects of small dams which
were under construction through the FATA Development
Authority.
He said that efforts would also be made to arrange funds
for launching more similar projects. Responding to another
demand, the Governor further pointed out that
construction projects of an Institute of Technical Training
and a sports stadium had already been launched at Wana
and assured his help in making their timely completion
possible.
Source: http://www.brecorder.com/general-news/172/1207293/
FFAATTAA VVIIOOLLEENNCCEE:: PPMMLL--NN TTOO TTAAKKEE
AALLLL SSTTAAKKEEHHOOLLDDEERRSS OONNBBOOAARRDD
FFOORR PPEEAACCEE
ISLAMABAD: The government will take all stakeholders
including the people of the Federally Administered Tribal
Areas (FATA) on board to return peace to the tribal belt.
This was said by Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz leader
Siddiqul Farooq on Tuesday while speaking at a seminar
titled “NATO Post-withdrawal Scenario in Afghanistan”.
The event was organised by the FATA Research Council.
Jan Achakzai of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazal (JUI-F) and
Shehryar Afridi of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) also
shared their views about the post withdrawal scenario.
Farooq said the PML-N is aware of the situation and is
going to convene an All Parties’ Conference (APC) to pave
the way for peace in FATA.
“In the past, several APCs were convened, but there was
lack of political will. This time we are serious. Political will
exists and all political parties are supporting us,” he said.
8. 8 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
He added that the PML-N is also working on bringing FATA
into the mainstream and hoped that Prime Minister Nawaz
Sharif will also pay a visit to the tribal areas.
Jan Achakzai said it is imperative for all stakeholders to
strike a deal as this is the only option stakeholders are left
with.
“We all know that [military] power is not the solution, that
is why dialogue is the only way out to restore peace in the
region and the country,” he said.
Afridi said the government should focus on the ground
realities. “Sitting in Islamabad to resolve the problems of
FATA is ridiculous,” he said.
He said the government should take local elders on board
instead of making policies based on the analysis of
“pseudo-analysts” who do not know about the culture and
problems of the area.
FATA Research Council (FRC) President Dr Ashraf said
those who term US presence as a curse will have no
justification left to wage jihad after the withdrawal.
“The government is going in with one ‘D’ — deterrence –
while ignoring dialogue and development,” he said.
The FRC also launched its biannual report based on a
survey carried out in FATA. Among the findings, 41 per
cent of respondents believe that after the US withdrawal,
local militants will lay down their arms, 26 per cent says
the groups will vacate the tribal belt, and 20 per cent are
of the view that militants will continue their war.
On a separate question, 74 per cent said that the
withdrawal will bring positive changes in the relationship
between Pakistan and Afghanistan, while 19 per cent
disagreed with the notion.
Published in The Express Tribune, July 10th
, 2013
Source: http://tribune.com.pk/story/574904/fata-violence-pml-n-to-
take-all-stakeholders-onboard-for-peace/
PPMM DDOOUUBBLLEESS FFAATTAA SSTTUUDDEENNTTSS’’
QQUUOOTTAA IINN EEDDUUCCAATTIIOONNAALL
IINNSSTTIITTUUTTIIOONNSS
ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif has doubled
the quota in engineering and medical
colleges/universities throughout the country for the
students belonging to the Federally Administered Tribal
Areas (FATA) on an immediate basis. The Prime
Minister’s Office issued the directive on Wednesday.
Former federal minister and leader of FATA members of
Parliament Senator Abbas Khan Afridi urged the Prime
Minister in his meeting with him early this week for
enhancing the quota since the students hailing from the
tribal areas were facing trouble due to the limitation of
berths in professional colleges and universities.
He briefed Prime Minister Nawaz that the education
ambiance had improved in the tribal areas considerably
and students were passing the examinations qualifying
them for the engineering and medical colleges/universities
but unfortunately the area did not have engineering and
medical education facilities. The situation is making such
students divert to undesirable activities due to frustration.
Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif accepted the submission
“Sitting in Islamabad to resolve
the problems of FATA is
ridiculous”.
PTI MNA Shehryar Afridi
9. 9 Voices from FATA | July – August 2013 | Issue No. 44
made by the tribal leader and issued the directive
accordingly.
Senator Abbas Khan Afridi thanked the Prime Minister for
the action and hoped that this step would go a long way in
promotion of education among the young generation of
FATA. Talking to The News on Wednesday evening, he said
students will avail this opportunity befittingly as yet
another feather has been added in the cap of the PML-N
government for the service of tribal people who are facing
acute problems due to the law and order situation and
other issues. He said Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif is
tackling the situation in FATA and resolving problems of
the area intelligently. All political forces must extend a
hand of cooperation towards Prime Minister Nawaz, he
urged.
Source: http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-24523-PM-
doubles-Fata-students-quota-in-educational-institutions
DDEEMMAANNDD FFOORR RREEFFOORRMMSS::
LLAAWWYYEERRSS DDEEMMAANNDD SSCC’’SS RREEAACCHH
BBEE EEXXTTEENNDDEEDD TTOO TTRRIIBBAALL AARREEAASS
PESHAWAR: A lawyers’ forum from the Federally
Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) has asked the
government to extend jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
and High Court to the tribal areas.
Addressing a press conference at the press club on
Monday, the president of FATA Lawyers Forum (FLF)
Muhammad Ijaz Mohmand said the area has been
neglected since the creation of Pakistan and now the
world calls it a ‘crime zone’.
“No one is interested in bringing any change in the war-
torn area,” said Mohmand, adding they expected much
from the new government but it has not even talked about
the oppression in FATA.
“Extension of the Political Parties Act does not make sense
when the tribesmen do not have any decision-making
powers,” Mohmand argued, adding the previous
government considered it a huge success but people are
still subjected to the same tyrannical rule.
At the press conference, FLF member Taj Mahal Afridi
alleged non-governmental organisations get funds from
international donors for the tribal region and pocket the
money. “No one wants to change our condition as this is
an easy source of income,” he alleged.
The FATA Tribunal created to provide quick justice to the
tribal areas has been subjected to criticism after a retired
bureaucrat was hired to pass judgments. “Hundreds of
people are languishing in jails around FATA since the last
two years and nobody has been presented for trial,” said
Afridi.
The forum asked the federal government to extend the
jurisdictions of the Supreme and High Courts to FATA and
ensure “provision of basic human rights as enshrined in
the Constitution of Pakistan.”
Published in The Express Tribune, August 27th
, 2013
Source: http://tribune.com.pk/story/595554/demand-for-reforms-
lawyers-demand-scs-reach-be-extended-to-tribal-areas/