Smoking Slides
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This document discusses several supplements that may help with smoking cessation based on their positive effects on factors related to nicotine addiction and withdrawal. It summarizes a study finding that the supplement Crave Arrest may help reduce cigarette cravings by acting as precursors to dopamine production. It also summarizes another study finding that the supplement milk thistle (silymarin) may help smokers and ex-smokers by supporting liver detoxification of cigarette chemicals and reducing cancer risk through effects on phase II enzymes and prostaglandin E2 levels. Finally, it notes that cigarette smoking directly affects dopamine release according to another study cited.
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1. Tobacco refers to plants in the Nicotiana genus and products prepared from cured tobacco leaves.
2. The most common commercial tobacco is Nicotiana tabacum, while Turkish tobacco comes from Nicotiana rustica which is more potent.
3. Nicotine is the main active alkaloid in tobacco. It is a stimulant but can also cause nausea, increased heart rate and blood pressure, and addiction.
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2. The most common commercial tobacco is Nicotiana tabacum, while Turkish tobacco comes from Nicotiana rustica which is more potent.
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tobacco diet the result suggest that refined nicotine and nicotine present in tobacco can suppress the cytoprotection of the
gastrointestinal mucosa and hence ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa.
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Genotoxic study of chewing leaf tobacco in swiss albino miceSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
The tobacco plant Nicotiana has probably been responsible for more deaths than any other herb as it is
market driven commodity of economic benefit. While the majority will likely be killed by use of cigarettes, tobacco use
in other forms also contributes to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Chewing leaf tobacco is less used now as the ban
is imposed on it. We tested the genotoxic potential of chewing leaf tobacco using in vivo cytogenetic tests- peripheral
blood micronucleus test, and sperm abnormality assay. Three doses of tobacco viz., 3%, 5%, and 10% were given for 14
days. Cyclophosphamide, an indirect acting clastogen was used as positive control agent and it was injected intra
peritoneally to the animals only once. Double distilled water was used as negative control. The frequency of
micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNCE) was increased in tobacco treated mice with the maximum MN
being induced in NCEs at 10% dose. All three tobacco doses used in this study, induced significant abnormal sperms
compared to controls (P<0.05). The chewing leaf tobacco at a certain concentration is genotoxic.
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1. The patient presented with irritability, headache, visual disturbances, and weakness due to a migraine attack. She has a history of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and diabetic neuropathy.
2. On examination, she was conscious and oriented but restless. Vital signs were stable. Laboratory tests showed elevated blood sugar and white blood cell count.
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control, while group II rats were fed with tobacco diets and group III rats were fed with nicotine diet and water, for 28
days respectively. After the 28 days, the animals were starved for 16 hours. After which they were anaesthetized with
6ml/kg of 25% of v/v solution of Urethane. The stomach of the animals were isolated, washed and rinsed with normal
saline for ulcer study. The total ulcer scores in rats fed with nicotine diet were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to
control the same trend of result as in the total ulcer score were obtained in grade 2.0 ulcer in rats fed control, nicotine and
tobacco diet the result suggest that refined nicotine and nicotine present in tobacco can suppress the cytoprotection of the
gastrointestinal mucosa and hence ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa.
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and nitrite concentrations in the post-mitochondrial fraction of the liver were also highest in rats fed a high
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The document discusses several 2-year cancer studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) on common herbal supplements. The studies found:
1) Goldenseal caused liver cancer in rats and mice. Its active component berberine tested positive for genetic toxicity.
2) Ginkgo biloba extract caused liver and thyroid cancer in mice and thyroid tumors in rats. It contains compounds that tested positive for mutagenicity.
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Seminario Biologia molecular Gelena Marsiglia
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Genotoxic study of chewing leaf tobacco in swiss albino mice
Genotoxic study of chewing leaf tobacco in swiss albino miceSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
The tobacco plant Nicotiana has probably been responsible for more deaths than any other herb as it is
market driven commodity of economic benefit. While the majority will likely be killed by use of cigarettes, tobacco use
in other forms also contributes to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Chewing leaf tobacco is less used now as the ban
is imposed on it. We tested the genotoxic potential of chewing leaf tobacco using in vivo cytogenetic tests- peripheral
blood micronucleus test, and sperm abnormality assay. Three doses of tobacco viz., 3%, 5%, and 10% were given for 14
days. Cyclophosphamide, an indirect acting clastogen was used as positive control agent and it was injected intra
peritoneally to the animals only once. Double distilled water was used as negative control. The frequency of
micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNCE) was increased in tobacco treated mice with the maximum MN
being induced in NCEs at 10% dose. All three tobacco doses used in this study, induced significant abnormal sperms
compared to controls (P<0.05). The chewing leaf tobacco at a certain concentration is genotoxic.
Key-words- Chewing Leaf tobacco, Peripheral blood micronucleus, Swiss albino mice, Howell-Jolly bodiesArcalion 200
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