The document summarizes the key differences between the 4th edition of ICAO's Safety Management Manual (SMM) and the 3rd edition. Some of the main changes include a reduced page count, a new structure with additional chapters, expanded guidance on safety culture and data protection, integration of State safety oversight requirements into the State Safety Program, and strengthened links between safety objectives and performance management. The 4th edition provides more flexibility and focuses on intended outcomes to support effective safety management system implementation.