This document provides a product presentation for the VM1 vacuum circuit breaker with magnetic actuator from ABB. Some key points:
- The VM1 is a maintenance-free circuit breaker with few parts, simple mechanical operation, high reliability, quality, and lifetime.
- It uses a magnetic actuator instead of traditional mechanical components, allowing for an extremely high number of operating cycles.
- The circuit breaker features vacuum interrupters embedded in epoxy resin, an electronic controller with sensors, and is compatible with conventional circuit breakers.
- The document describes the various components, specifications, ratings, characteristics, accessories, control modules, and lifetime of the VM1 circuit breaker.
The document summarizes Aurora UNO inverters, including the PVI-5000-TL-OUTD and PVI-6000-TL-OUTD models. Key features include dual MPPT inputs, wide input voltage range, high efficiency up to 97%, and an outdoor enclosure. The inverters are designed for residential and small commercial PV systems between 5-20kW. They have transformerless design, independent MPPT tracking, and high speed algorithms to optimize energy harvesting.
This document provides information on residual current monitors (RCMs) and residual current transformers. It summarizes:
1. The RCMs (models IL 5882, SL 5882, IR 5882) have compact designs and can use external or internal residual current transformers. They monitor AC and pulsating DC currents from 10mA to 10A or 30A, and have adjustable time delays, LED indicators, and changeover contacts.
2. Residual current transformers (models ND 5016 and ND 5019) connect to the RCMs and detect insulation faults by measuring current imbalances.
3. The RCMs and transformers provide protection for electrical systems by detecting degradation in insulation before faults occur.
The document provides information on the VARIMETER RCM residual current monitor, including:
1. It has a compact design and can use an external or internal residual current transformer. It detects residual currents according to various standards.
2. It has adjustable tripping values from 10mA to 10A or 30A, a frequency range of 20-2000Hz, and adjustable time delays. It has LED indicators, test and reset buttons, and changeover contacts.
3. It is available in models for mounting in distribution systems or cabinets, with widths of 35mm or 105mm. Models use external or internal residual current transformers.
4. The document provides details on technical specifications, connections, functions,
The document describes ABB's UNO-2.0-I and UNO-2.5-I string inverters for residential solar installations. The inverters have a power output range of 2-2.5 kW, feature high maximum efficiency of up to 96.3%, and include an MPPT algorithm for improved energy harvesting. They are designed for outdoor use with an IP65 rating and include monitoring capabilities. The document provides detailed technical specifications for the inverters, including electrical characteristics, communications options, and compliance certifications.
This document provides information about the Qubino Flush 1 relay Z-Wave module. The module can be used to switch electrical devices on or off through the Z-wave network or a wall switch. It measures power consumption and supports a digital temperature sensor. The module is designed to be installed in a wall switch box behind a traditional wall switch. It can support mono-stable or bi-stable switches and has configuration parameters for functions like input type and power reporting.
This document provides installation and configuration instructions for the TECNOLOGIC K series controller. It outlines the mounting requirements including dimensions, environmental conditions and panel thickness. It describes the input/output connections and wiring diagrams. The configuration procedure involves entering password-protected modes to modify parameter groups that control functions like control strategy, alarms and outputs. The factory default parameters can be restored for reconfiguration.
[1] The document provides installation and wiring instructions for TECNOLOGIC K series temperature controllers.
[2] It describes the mounting requirements including ambient temperature and humidity ranges, and notes the instrument is only for indoor use. Wiring diagrams and specifications are provided for different input and output types.
[3] The document also covers the configuration procedure for setting parameters, and lists the technical specifications including dimensions, power supply, accuracy, and ordering codes for different models.
The document summarizes Aurora UNO inverters, including the PVI-5000-TL-OUTD and PVI-6000-TL-OUTD models. Key features include dual MPPT inputs, wide input voltage range, high efficiency up to 97%, and an outdoor enclosure. The inverters are designed for residential and small commercial PV systems between 5-20kW. They have transformerless design, independent MPPT tracking, and high speed algorithms to optimize energy harvesting.
This document provides information on residual current monitors (RCMs) and residual current transformers. It summarizes:
1. The RCMs (models IL 5882, SL 5882, IR 5882) have compact designs and can use external or internal residual current transformers. They monitor AC and pulsating DC currents from 10mA to 10A or 30A, and have adjustable time delays, LED indicators, and changeover contacts.
2. Residual current transformers (models ND 5016 and ND 5019) connect to the RCMs and detect insulation faults by measuring current imbalances.
3. The RCMs and transformers provide protection for electrical systems by detecting degradation in insulation before faults occur.
The document provides information on the VARIMETER RCM residual current monitor, including:
1. It has a compact design and can use an external or internal residual current transformer. It detects residual currents according to various standards.
2. It has adjustable tripping values from 10mA to 10A or 30A, a frequency range of 20-2000Hz, and adjustable time delays. It has LED indicators, test and reset buttons, and changeover contacts.
3. It is available in models for mounting in distribution systems or cabinets, with widths of 35mm or 105mm. Models use external or internal residual current transformers.
4. The document provides details on technical specifications, connections, functions,
The document describes ABB's UNO-2.0-I and UNO-2.5-I string inverters for residential solar installations. The inverters have a power output range of 2-2.5 kW, feature high maximum efficiency of up to 96.3%, and include an MPPT algorithm for improved energy harvesting. They are designed for outdoor use with an IP65 rating and include monitoring capabilities. The document provides detailed technical specifications for the inverters, including electrical characteristics, communications options, and compliance certifications.
This document provides information about the Qubino Flush 1 relay Z-Wave module. The module can be used to switch electrical devices on or off through the Z-wave network or a wall switch. It measures power consumption and supports a digital temperature sensor. The module is designed to be installed in a wall switch box behind a traditional wall switch. It can support mono-stable or bi-stable switches and has configuration parameters for functions like input type and power reporting.
This document provides installation and configuration instructions for the TECNOLOGIC K series controller. It outlines the mounting requirements including dimensions, environmental conditions and panel thickness. It describes the input/output connections and wiring diagrams. The configuration procedure involves entering password-protected modes to modify parameter groups that control functions like control strategy, alarms and outputs. The factory default parameters can be restored for reconfiguration.
[1] The document provides installation and wiring instructions for TECNOLOGIC K series temperature controllers.
[2] It describes the mounting requirements including ambient temperature and humidity ranges, and notes the instrument is only for indoor use. Wiring diagrams and specifications are provided for different input and output types.
[3] The document also covers the configuration procedure for setting parameters, and lists the technical specifications including dimensions, power supply, accuracy, and ordering codes for different models.
The document provides specifications for the AZBE25A20 analog servo drive. The drive is designed to drive brushless and brushed DC motors at high switching frequencies up to 25A continuous current. It has features like four quadrant regenerative operation, direct board integration, encoder and tachometer feedback support, and hardware protections. The drive requires only a single DC power supply and complies with safety and emissions standards.
The AZBE10A20 is an analog servo drive designed to drive brushless and brushed DC motors. It can provide up to 10A of continuous current and operates on an input voltage range of 40-175VDC. The drive has features such as four quadrant regenerative operation, direct board integration, encoder and tachometer feedback support, and hardware protections against overvoltage, overcurrent, and more.
This document provides installation and configuration instructions for the TECNOLOGIC K49 series controller. It outlines:
1) Mounting requirements for the controller, including ambient temperature, humidity, and vibration limits. The controller is intended for indoor use.
2) Wiring diagrams and notes for different input types (thermocouple, RTD, voltage, current) and outputs (relays, SSRs). Proper wiring techniques are emphasized to avoid errors.
3) Technical specifications for the controller, including display type, accuracy, EMC standards, operating temperature, and power supply options. Instructions are provided for ordering controllers with different configurations.
The document provides installation and wiring instructions for TECNOLOGIC K series controllers. It specifies that the controller is intended for indoor use and should be mounted in an easily accessible location with minimal vibrations that avoids corrosive gases, water or condensation. Wiring guidelines are provided for different input and output types, including thermocouples, RTDs, voltage/current signals, and relays. Configuration and programming procedures are outlined.
The document introduces the Controlled Power Company (CPC) Model ELC inverter. It is available in sizes from 600W to 2KW and uses a double conversion topology. It has a sinewave output and features like being HID/LED compatible, uninterrupted power, regulated and conditioned output. It has up to 12 output circuit breakers, an inverter bypass switch, and input/output configurability. The ELC also has communications capabilities, automatic battery testing, and field programmable off-bus control settings. It has a small footprint compared to competitors and provides backup power times of up to 4 hours depending on the size.
The LM3914 is an integrated circuit that senses analog voltage levels and drives 10 LEDs to provide a linear analog display. It contains an adjustable voltage reference and accurate 10-step voltage divider to compare input voltages. The outputs are individually current regulated and can drive LEDs, LCDs, or vacuum fluorescent displays in either a moving dot or bar graph display mode. The simple circuit requires few external components and can operate over a wide supply voltage range from less than 3V.
Series One Safety Transmitter, Pressure and Temperature SwitchIves Equipment
The One Series Safety Transmitter is a transmitter-switch for monitoring pressure or temperature and meets the requirements of SIL 2 for random integrity at HFT = 0, SIL 3 for random integrity at HFT = 1 and SIL 3 for systematic capability. The One Series Safety Transmitter incorporates UE’s patented IAW self diagnostics, redundant and diverse signal processing and software algorithms to detect abnormalities in the process and internal faults. The design is based on a powerful microprocessor that provides an extremely fast response time for emergency shutdown situations.
The One Series Safety Transmitter was designed with features that simplify installation, improve productivity, and eliminate nuisance trips. “I Am Working” sensor diagnostics with redundant data processing detect open, shorted, and plugged sensing elements. The transmitter’s analog output conforms to the NAMUR NE 43 standard and provides process variable (PV) and detected-fault information. Discrete outputs provide a fail-safe (open) emergency shutdown when a fault is detected. Set point and deadband (reset point) are 100% programmable. The instrument is password protected to prevent unwanted parameter changes; eliminating the risk of tampering. In addition, LED backlighting enhances viewing of process variables, parameters, and status in dimly lit areas.
The One Series Safety Transmitter is a transmitter-switch for monitoring pressure or temperature and meets the requirements of SIL 2 for random integrity at HFT = 0, SIL 3 for random integrity at HFT = 1 and SIL 3 for systematic capability. The One Series Safety Transmitter incorporates UE’s patented IAW self diagnostics, redundant and diverse signal processing and
software algorithms to detect abnormalities in the process and internal faults. The design is based on a powerful microprocessor that provides an extremely fast response time for emergency shutdown situations.
XLSEMI XL140 2A 380KHz 18V Buck DC to DC Converterdegarden
The XL1410 is a 380KHz fixed frequency buck converter capable of supplying 2A loads from 3.6V to 18V input voltages. It requires few external components and has high efficiency, low ripple, and excellent line and load regulation. Key features include adjustable output from 1.222V to 16V, 100% maximum duty cycle, internal MOSFET, and protections such as overcurrent, short circuit, and thermal shutdown. It is available in an 8-pin SOP package.
This document discusses medium voltage soft starters from SOLCON. It provides information on their advantages such as reducing starting current and torque, smooth acceleration and deceleration, and comprehensive motor protection. It describes SOLCON soft starter models and options, including their control module, power section, firing system, and control wiring configurations. It also provides examples of how soft starters can be used for soft start and stop operations as well as immediate stop using auxiliary relays.
This document discusses medium voltage soft starters from SOLCON. It provides information on their advantages such as reducing starting current and torque, smooth acceleration and deceleration, and comprehensive motor protection. It describes SOLCON soft starter models and options, including their control module, power section, firing system, and control wiring configurations. It also provides examples of how soft starters can be programmed for soft start and stop operations as well as immediate stop in emergency situations.
This document provides installation and configuration instructions for TECNOLOGIC K series controllers. It outlines mounting requirements including ambient temperature and humidity limits. It describes input and output wiring diagrams for thermocouples, RTDs, voltage signals, and more. Configuration is protected by passwords and involves modifying parameters to suit the application for items like input type, control strategy, alarms, and outputs.
Explore the compact inverter WJ200 series built for excellent performance and user-friendliness.
To learn more about Hitachi Inverters, visit: https://www.hitachi-iesa.com/ac-drives-inverters
The document describes the Analog Servo Drive AZBH10A20, which is designed to drive brushless and brushed DC motors. It can provide up to 10A of peak current and 6A of continuous current, operating from 40-175VDC. The drive has features like four quadrant regenerative operation, direct PCB integration, fault monitoring, and supports Hall sensors or tachometers for feedback and various modes of operation.
This document provides information on the technical specifications and programming of the VVVF-3 electronic module. It summarizes the module's inputs, outputs, power supply, and programming switches. The switches are used to select single or dual door control inputs, automatic or semi-automatic door operation, motor rotation direction, and master/slave configuration. Relay outputs and LED indicators provide status signals for door position, obstructions, and errors.
The DQ111SE Series digital servo drives are fully digital devices that employ space vector modulation and vector control technology to drive brushed and brushless motors. They feature a SynqNet interface for networked motion control applications and include programmable digital and analog inputs and outputs for interfacing with external devices. The drives offer extensive protection features and parameters are stored in non-volatile memory.
The 25A20DD PWM servo amplifier is designed to drive brush DC motors with up to 25A of peak current. It has adjustable current limits, fault protection, and single supply operation. It interfaces with digital controllers via PWM and direction inputs to control motor speed and direction.
This document provides instructions for installing and wiring a DVP-PLC programmable logic controller. It describes the components of the PLC including status indicators, I/O ports, and expansion ports. Wiring diagrams are provided for connecting the main processing unit, digital I/O expansion units, and power supply modules. Guidelines are given for mounting the PLC enclosure and routing wires. Technical specifications are listed for input/output points, memory, communication ports, operating conditions, and power requirements.
This document provides installation and operation instructions for the TECNOLOGIC K48 series temperature controller. It outlines:
1) Mounting requirements for the controller, including ambient temperature and humidity limits.
2) Wiring diagrams and notes for different input types (thermocouples, RTDs, etc.), outputs (relays, SSRs), power supply, and logic inputs.
3) Technical specifications for the controller, including accuracy, display, sampling rate, and certifications.
4) Procedures for configuring the controller, including accessing parameters via passwords and navigating groups to set input type, control strategy, alarms and other functions.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...Transcat
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
The document provides specifications for the AZBE25A20 analog servo drive. The drive is designed to drive brushless and brushed DC motors at high switching frequencies up to 25A continuous current. It has features like four quadrant regenerative operation, direct board integration, encoder and tachometer feedback support, and hardware protections. The drive requires only a single DC power supply and complies with safety and emissions standards.
The AZBE10A20 is an analog servo drive designed to drive brushless and brushed DC motors. It can provide up to 10A of continuous current and operates on an input voltage range of 40-175VDC. The drive has features such as four quadrant regenerative operation, direct board integration, encoder and tachometer feedback support, and hardware protections against overvoltage, overcurrent, and more.
This document provides installation and configuration instructions for the TECNOLOGIC K49 series controller. It outlines:
1) Mounting requirements for the controller, including ambient temperature, humidity, and vibration limits. The controller is intended for indoor use.
2) Wiring diagrams and notes for different input types (thermocouple, RTD, voltage, current) and outputs (relays, SSRs). Proper wiring techniques are emphasized to avoid errors.
3) Technical specifications for the controller, including display type, accuracy, EMC standards, operating temperature, and power supply options. Instructions are provided for ordering controllers with different configurations.
The document provides installation and wiring instructions for TECNOLOGIC K series controllers. It specifies that the controller is intended for indoor use and should be mounted in an easily accessible location with minimal vibrations that avoids corrosive gases, water or condensation. Wiring guidelines are provided for different input and output types, including thermocouples, RTDs, voltage/current signals, and relays. Configuration and programming procedures are outlined.
The document introduces the Controlled Power Company (CPC) Model ELC inverter. It is available in sizes from 600W to 2KW and uses a double conversion topology. It has a sinewave output and features like being HID/LED compatible, uninterrupted power, regulated and conditioned output. It has up to 12 output circuit breakers, an inverter bypass switch, and input/output configurability. The ELC also has communications capabilities, automatic battery testing, and field programmable off-bus control settings. It has a small footprint compared to competitors and provides backup power times of up to 4 hours depending on the size.
The LM3914 is an integrated circuit that senses analog voltage levels and drives 10 LEDs to provide a linear analog display. It contains an adjustable voltage reference and accurate 10-step voltage divider to compare input voltages. The outputs are individually current regulated and can drive LEDs, LCDs, or vacuum fluorescent displays in either a moving dot or bar graph display mode. The simple circuit requires few external components and can operate over a wide supply voltage range from less than 3V.
Series One Safety Transmitter, Pressure and Temperature SwitchIves Equipment
The One Series Safety Transmitter is a transmitter-switch for monitoring pressure or temperature and meets the requirements of SIL 2 for random integrity at HFT = 0, SIL 3 for random integrity at HFT = 1 and SIL 3 for systematic capability. The One Series Safety Transmitter incorporates UE’s patented IAW self diagnostics, redundant and diverse signal processing and software algorithms to detect abnormalities in the process and internal faults. The design is based on a powerful microprocessor that provides an extremely fast response time for emergency shutdown situations.
The One Series Safety Transmitter was designed with features that simplify installation, improve productivity, and eliminate nuisance trips. “I Am Working” sensor diagnostics with redundant data processing detect open, shorted, and plugged sensing elements. The transmitter’s analog output conforms to the NAMUR NE 43 standard and provides process variable (PV) and detected-fault information. Discrete outputs provide a fail-safe (open) emergency shutdown when a fault is detected. Set point and deadband (reset point) are 100% programmable. The instrument is password protected to prevent unwanted parameter changes; eliminating the risk of tampering. In addition, LED backlighting enhances viewing of process variables, parameters, and status in dimly lit areas.
The One Series Safety Transmitter is a transmitter-switch for monitoring pressure or temperature and meets the requirements of SIL 2 for random integrity at HFT = 0, SIL 3 for random integrity at HFT = 1 and SIL 3 for systematic capability. The One Series Safety Transmitter incorporates UE’s patented IAW self diagnostics, redundant and diverse signal processing and
software algorithms to detect abnormalities in the process and internal faults. The design is based on a powerful microprocessor that provides an extremely fast response time for emergency shutdown situations.
XLSEMI XL140 2A 380KHz 18V Buck DC to DC Converterdegarden
The XL1410 is a 380KHz fixed frequency buck converter capable of supplying 2A loads from 3.6V to 18V input voltages. It requires few external components and has high efficiency, low ripple, and excellent line and load regulation. Key features include adjustable output from 1.222V to 16V, 100% maximum duty cycle, internal MOSFET, and protections such as overcurrent, short circuit, and thermal shutdown. It is available in an 8-pin SOP package.
This document discusses medium voltage soft starters from SOLCON. It provides information on their advantages such as reducing starting current and torque, smooth acceleration and deceleration, and comprehensive motor protection. It describes SOLCON soft starter models and options, including their control module, power section, firing system, and control wiring configurations. It also provides examples of how soft starters can be used for soft start and stop operations as well as immediate stop using auxiliary relays.
This document discusses medium voltage soft starters from SOLCON. It provides information on their advantages such as reducing starting current and torque, smooth acceleration and deceleration, and comprehensive motor protection. It describes SOLCON soft starter models and options, including their control module, power section, firing system, and control wiring configurations. It also provides examples of how soft starters can be programmed for soft start and stop operations as well as immediate stop in emergency situations.
This document provides installation and configuration instructions for TECNOLOGIC K series controllers. It outlines mounting requirements including ambient temperature and humidity limits. It describes input and output wiring diagrams for thermocouples, RTDs, voltage signals, and more. Configuration is protected by passwords and involves modifying parameters to suit the application for items like input type, control strategy, alarms, and outputs.
Explore the compact inverter WJ200 series built for excellent performance and user-friendliness.
To learn more about Hitachi Inverters, visit: https://www.hitachi-iesa.com/ac-drives-inverters
The document describes the Analog Servo Drive AZBH10A20, which is designed to drive brushless and brushed DC motors. It can provide up to 10A of peak current and 6A of continuous current, operating from 40-175VDC. The drive has features like four quadrant regenerative operation, direct PCB integration, fault monitoring, and supports Hall sensors or tachometers for feedback and various modes of operation.
This document provides information on the technical specifications and programming of the VVVF-3 electronic module. It summarizes the module's inputs, outputs, power supply, and programming switches. The switches are used to select single or dual door control inputs, automatic or semi-automatic door operation, motor rotation direction, and master/slave configuration. Relay outputs and LED indicators provide status signals for door position, obstructions, and errors.
The DQ111SE Series digital servo drives are fully digital devices that employ space vector modulation and vector control technology to drive brushed and brushless motors. They feature a SynqNet interface for networked motion control applications and include programmable digital and analog inputs and outputs for interfacing with external devices. The drives offer extensive protection features and parameters are stored in non-volatile memory.
The 25A20DD PWM servo amplifier is designed to drive brush DC motors with up to 25A of peak current. It has adjustable current limits, fault protection, and single supply operation. It interfaces with digital controllers via PWM and direction inputs to control motor speed and direction.
This document provides instructions for installing and wiring a DVP-PLC programmable logic controller. It describes the components of the PLC including status indicators, I/O ports, and expansion ports. Wiring diagrams are provided for connecting the main processing unit, digital I/O expansion units, and power supply modules. Guidelines are given for mounting the PLC enclosure and routing wires. Technical specifications are listed for input/output points, memory, communication ports, operating conditions, and power requirements.
This document provides installation and operation instructions for the TECNOLOGIC K48 series temperature controller. It outlines:
1) Mounting requirements for the controller, including ambient temperature and humidity limits.
2) Wiring diagrams and notes for different input types (thermocouples, RTDs, etc.), outputs (relays, SSRs), power supply, and logic inputs.
3) Technical specifications for the controller, including accuracy, display, sampling rate, and certifications.
4) Procedures for configuring the controller, including accessing parameters via passwords and navigating groups to set input type, control strategy, alarms and other functions.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...Transcat
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024)GiselleginaGloria
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research projects in the area advanced Artificial Intelligence. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the research area. Core areas of AI and advanced multi-disciplinary and its applications will be covered during the conferences.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Blood finder application project report (1).pdfKamal Acharya
Blood Finder is an emergency time app where a user can search for the blood banks as
well as the registered blood donors around Mumbai. This application also provide an
opportunity for the user of this application to become a registered donor for this user have
to enroll for the donor request from the application itself. If the admin wish to make user
a registered donor, with some of the formalities with the organization it can be done.
Specialization of this application is that the user will not have to register on sign-in for
searching the blood banks and blood donors it can be just done by installing the
application to the mobile.
The purpose of making this application is to save the user’s time for searching blood of
needed blood group during the time of the emergency.
This is an android application developed in Java and XML with the connectivity of
SQLite database. This application will provide most of basic functionality required for an
emergency time application. All the details of Blood banks and Blood donors are stored
in the database i.e. SQLite.
This application allowed the user to get all the information regarding blood banks and
blood donors such as Name, Number, Address, Blood Group, rather than searching it on
the different websites and wasting the precious time. This application is effective and
user friendly.
A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...DharmaBanothu
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
afterwards, Guru Arjan was arrested, tortured and killed by order of the Mogul Emperor
Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
eleven years old when he became 6th Guru.
• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
authority (PIRI) and the other, his temporal authority (MIRI). He thus for the first time
initiated military tradition in the Sikh faith to resist religious persecution, protect
people’s freedom and independence to practice religion by choice. He transformed
Sikhs to be Saints and Soldier.
• He had a long tenure as Guru, lasting 37 years, 9 months and 3 days
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
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Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
2. VM1
Vacuum circuit-breaker with magnetic actuator
Die Summe von Vorteilen
Keine Wartung
Wenige Einzelteile
Einfache mechanische Abläufe
Sehr hohe Zuverlässigkeit
Hoher Qualitätsstandard
Sehr hohe Lebensdauer
Main Characteristics
• Maintenance-free
• Extremely high number of operating cycles
• Electronic controller with sensor technology
• Vacuum interrupters embedded in epoxy resin
• High quality standard
• Compatible with conventional circuit-breakers
• For universal applications worldwide
3. VM1
VM1
Rated voltage kV 12 17.5 24
Rated current A ...2500 ...2500 ...2500
Rated short-circuit kA ...31.5 ...31.5 ...25
breaking current
6. VM1
Main characteristics
Maintenance-free
Control of the position open/closed with inductive sensors
Magnetic actuator with extremely high number of operating cycles
up to 100,000 operating cycles for breaking capacity up to 25 kA and rated current
up to 1250 A
up to 50,000 operating cycles with rated current > 1600 A and/or breaking capacity
> 31.5 kA
Embedding technology to protect vacuum interrupters
High quality standard
Interchangeable with VD4
Developed for universal applications worldwide
Emergency mechanical opening operation
8. VM1
-SO4 Undervoltage opening (only with
ED2.0 Full Option)
-SL1 Contact locking the CB closing
-SO3 Auxiliary and safety open (2^ open
command from remote)
-SO2 Open command from remote
-SC2 Close command from remote
DO7 CB Remote Open
DO6 Unit Not Ready
DO5 Unit Ready
DO2 CB closed
DO1 CB open
24 .. 48V AC / 24 .. 60 V DC
100 .. 240V AC / 110 .. 250 V DC
Auxiliary voltage supply
11. VM1
Representation of magnetic flux density distribution
Magnetic latching in end-of-run
position
Armature position: 0 mm
Ampere-turns: 0
Magnetic latching and action of
the magnetic field of a coil
Armature position: 0 mm
Ampere-turns: 12500
Moving armature in opposing
position and magnetic end-of-run
latching
Armature position: 20 mm
Ampere-turns: 5000
12. VM1
Reduction of the magnetic flux density of Koerdym 280 as a function of the lifetime t at an ambient
temperature of 120° C
13. VM1
Basic version
Closing pushbutton (SC1)
Opening pushbutton (SO1)
Mechanical operation counter
Mechanical signalling device for circuit-breaker open/closed
Emergency manual opening device
Lever for manual emergency opening
Lamp signalling “READY” for the operation (PRDY)
Capacitors for storing energy for the operation
Mobile connector for direct connection to the sockets of the
electronic module, to cable the auxiliary circuits
ED2.0 standard version control module
14. VM1
ED2.0 control module standard version
Signalling contacts without potential, fitted with relay, with the following
functions:
N° 1 contact signalling circuit-breaker open (DO1)
N° 1 contact signalling circuit-breaker closed (DC1)
N° 1 contact signalling circuit-breaker ready for the operation
(capacitors charged and check of circuit-breaker state) (DR) *
N° 1 contact signalling circuit-breaker not ready for the operation (DN,
normally closed)
N° 1 transient contact with momentary closing during the opening
operation (DOR).
Remark: with the circuit-breaker not supplied (without auxiliary power supply) these
contacts are open, except the contact signalling circuit-breaker not ready for the
operation (DN).
*Not available in some versions.
15. VM1
ED2.0 control module standard version
2 feeder power supply:
Type 1: 24 ... 48 V AC / 24 ... 60 V DC
Type 2: 100 ... 240 V AC / 110 ... 250 V DC
Binary inputs (logical inputs) for remote control:
N° 1 input for closing control (-SC2)
N° 1 input for opening control (-SO2)
N° 1 input for additional opening control (-SO3)
N° 1 input for circuit-breaker opening on direct command from the
protection release PR512 (-SO5)
N° 1 input for lock on closing control (the same function of the locking
electromagnet in the mechanical actuator of the VD4 circuit-breaker)
(-SL1)
Binary inputs:
24 ... 240 V AC (– 15% ... + 10%)
24 ... 250 V DC (– 30% ... + 10%)
(minimum duration of the impulse is 20 ms)
16. VM1
ED2.0 control module standard version
Functions:
Self-opening following determination of incorrect state of circuit-
breaker
Self-opening following load threshold of the capacitors lower
than the minimum value required for the opening and closing
operation
Anti-pumping relay function
Trip-free function
Monitoring of capacitor load with feeder turning itself off in the
case of exceeding the maximum load level
(these functions can be disabled by means of dip-switches)
17. VM1
ED2.0 control module full option version (on request)
Signalling contacts without potential, fitted with relay, with the following
functions:
N° 2 contacts signalling circuit-breaker open (DO1, DO2)
N° 2 contacts signalling circuit-breaker closed (DC1, DC2)
N° 1 contact signalling circuit-breaker ready for the operation
(capacitors charged and check of circuit-breaker state) (DR)
N° 1 contact signalling circuit-breaker not ready for the
operation (DN, normally closed)
N° 1 transient contact with momentary closing during the
opening operation (DOR)
Remark: difference respect to ED2.0 control module basic version
18. VM1
ED2.0 control module full option version (on request)
Binary inputs (logical inputs) for remote control:
N° 1 input for closing control (-SC2)
N° 1 input for opening control (-SO2)
N° 1input for additional opening control (-SO3)
N° 1 input for circuit-breaker opening on direct command from
the protection release PR512 (-SO5)
N° 1 input for lock on closing control (the same function of the
locking electromagnet in the mechanical actuator of the VD4
circuit-breaker) (-SL1)
N° 1 input as undervoltage control for (-S04)
Remark: difference respect to ED2.0 control module basic version
19. VM1
ED2.0 control module full option version (on request)
Functions:
Self-opening following determination of incorrect state of circuit-
breaker
Self-opening following load threshold of the capacitor lower than
the minimum value required for the opening and closing
operation
Anti-pumping relay function
Trip-free function
Monitoring of capacitor load with feeder turning itself off in the
case of exceeding the maximum load level
Undervoltage function with selection of the reference rated
voltage and with possibility of delaying the opening from 0 to 5 s
(-SO4)
Watchdog of the electronic power circuit with feeder turning itself
off in the case of overtemperature and/or overcurrent
Slow capacitor charging function (the power load passes from
100 watt to 40 watt, doubling the charging time)
Monitoring continuity of the opening and closing coils
Watchdog (DN)
Additional safety opening command function
Remark: difference respect to ED2.0 control module basic version
20. VM1
Accessories available (on request)
Signalling auxiliary contacts circuit-breaker open/closed
Fixed circuit-breaker (-BB1; -BB2; -BB3; -BB8):
Set of 5 make contacts plus 5 break contacts
Set of 10 make contacts plus 10 break contacts
(alternatively)
Withdrawable circuit-breaker (-BB1; -BB2)
Set of 5 break contacts plus 5 make contacts
Transmitted contacts of the withdrawable circuit-breaker installed in the
truck (-BT1; -BT2)
These contacts are either in addition or as an alternative to the position
contacts (for signalling circuit-breaker racked out) located in the unit; they
also carry out the function of the position contact (-BT3)
Position contact of the withdrawable circuit-breaker (-BT3)
With binary input SL1 prevents remote CB closing during translation of the
truck; it is supplied when the transmitted contacts -BT1; -BT2 are not
required
Motorised truck (-MT) (only for VM1 for UniGear panel)
21. VM1
Features of the control module ED2.0 (standard version)
The closing coil can only be activated when VM1 is open
The opening coil can only be activated when VM1 is closed
Closing is disabled when an opening command is active at the same time
De-activation of the opening or closing coil takes place when the relative limit position has been reached
WRONG POSITION (auto trip) function: if the final CLOSED (or OPEN) position is not reached within 70
ms during a closing (or opening) operation, an opening operation is immediately started to guarantee
reaching a defined safe position in any case.
Anti-pumping function ensures that only one closing-opening cycle is carried out when a closing command
followed by an opening command is active; active closing command must be cancelled and reset for the
next closing operation.
Activation of the input for the closing command can be locked by means of an external locking signal.
Input for the “lock on closing” command must be energised to be able to close the circuit-breaker (without
power it inhibits closing).
22. VM1
Features of the control module ED2.0 full version
Undervoltage function
controls VM1 opening if the voltage applied drops below the limit of tolerance (established by the
Standards)
rated voltage value to be monitored is set in the factory in conformity with the order specifications
but it can be changed by dip-switches
to prevent UVR intervention, when the voltage drops below the specified level (e.g. in the case of
motor starting), it is possible to set a trip time
UVR function can be disabled
Monitoring function of the actuator closing and opening coil; if a fault is detected, the luminous
“READY” signal on front of the circuit-breaker turns off and the “READY/NOT READY” signalling contacts
are activated.
Additional safety opening command function; the second input of the control module for the opening
function is designed so that an opening command is carried out directly even in the case of a fault in the
microprocessor.
23. VM1
Features of the capacitor
The energy stored is suitable for an O-C-O operating cycle without
recharging
The energy stored is constantly monitored by measuring the voltage of the
capacitor
“READY” indication signals:
application of the power supply voltage
“ready” status of VM1 for the next operation
“READY” signal switched on means
(VM1 in the open position) energy sufficient for one C-O
operating cycle
(VM1 in the closed position) energy sufficient for one opening
operation; energy available is sufficient for one opening
operation within 60 s from interruption of the auxiliary power
supply (up to 120 s with 2 capacitors)
24. VM1
Lifetime t of aluminium electrolytic capacitors as a function of the ambient temperature T
25. VM1
Characteristic data
Switching energy for CO VM1: 150 J
VD4: 115 J
Capacitor voltage 80 V
Closing cycle
VM1 max. 100 J
without capacitor max. 2.3 kW for 54 ms
Making current max. 29 A for 44 ms
Breaking capacity
with capacitor max. 50 J
without capacitor max. 2.1 kW for 27 ms
Breaking current max. 27 A for 30 ms
Opening time 35 ... 45 ms
Arcing time 10 ...15 ms
Total interruption time 45 ... 60 ms
Closing time 50 ... 60 ms