The document discusses the 8 wastes framework in Lean Six Sigma. It identifies the 8 categories of waste as transportation, inventory, motion, unused talent of employees, waiting, overproduction, overprocessing, and defects. The purpose is to identify and eliminate non-value adding activities to improve flow through the business and optimize costs, quality, safety, and employee utilization. Implementing the 8 wastes approach requires involvement from various roles across the organization.

1. 8 WASTES IN
LEAN SIX SIGMA
Vinay MC

2. 8 Wastes – What is it?
A method of categorising activities or Types of Work that
do not add value during the production process. These
activities are known as Waste.
Types of Work
ValueAdding
Non-Value
Adding, but
unavoidable
Waste
Any process that changes the nature, shape or
characteristics of the product, in line with customer
requirements
Non-Value Adding, but unavoidable with current
technology or methods.
Any work carried out that does not increase product value.
All other meaningless, non-essential activities that do not
add value to the product you can eliminateimmediately
Vinay MC

3. Why Use 8 Wastes?
Safety: Reduces risks through minimising inventory, human movement, transport and
product processing
Quality: Seeks to eliminate defects and associated scrap or rework
Delivery: Improves flow through the business and optimises inventory levels
Cost: Profitability improved through elimination of wasteful activities, cash released by
reducing lead times and stopping over productions
People: Seeks to eliminate the underutilisation of human potential
Discuss the benefits of using 8 Wastes
Discuss the reasons for applying 8 Wastes in your organisation
Vinay MC

4. 8 Wastes –
Purpose & Focus
The purpose is to identify and eliminate waste – so that products flow through the business.
ValueAdd Waste
LEAD TIME
Traditional
Improvement Focus
• Work longer/harder/faster
• Add people or equipment
Lean Principles Focus
• Improve the Value Stream through eliminating Waste
Vinay MC

5. 8 Wastes - Categories
There are 8 key Categories of waste:
• Transportation
• Inventory
• Motion
• People (Creativity / Intellect)
• Waiting
• Over Production
• Over Processing
• Defects / Rework
Typically, less than 5% of activity is value-adding.
Over Production
95%
< 5%
Over Processing Defects / Rework
Vinay MC

6. 8 Wastes - Transportation
Transportation of work-in-progress
or finished goods:
• Internal travel between work
stations
• Travel between business units
• Travel between sites.
Vinay MC

7. 8 Wastes - Inventory
Inventory includes:
• Stock of raw material in stores
• Work-in-progress or semi
completed products
• Finished goods without a
customer order
Vinay MC

8. 8 Wastes - Motion
Motion:
• Movement (people or
machinery) to pick, place, or
remove items affecting time
• Excessive or repetitive
movements may lead to a
safety issue
Vinay MC

9. 8 Wastes - People
‘People’ Waste:
• Not tapping into, and following up
on the ideas and thoughts of the
employees
• Underutilisation of human
potential
Vinay MC

10. 8 Wastes - Waiting
A process may have stopped and
be waiting for:
• Equipment or tools
• Material deliveries
• Support to resolve issues
• People to complete the task
Also, people waiting for a machine
to complete its cycle.
Vinay MC

11. 8 Wastes – Over
Production
Over producing:
• Making anything more than the
customer requires
Over production is a multiplier of
the other 7 wastes
Vinay MC

12. 8 Wastes – Over
Processing
Over processing:
• Anything more than is needed
to meet customer requirement
• Performing an activity that the
customer is not willing to pay
for
Vinay MC

13. 8 Wastes – Defects
(Scrap / Rework)
Defective work or product leading to:
• Rework or repair
• Scrap and remake
Vinay MC

14. Who?
The team members involved include:
• Operations team members to be aware of and highlight wastes
• Operations leaders to identify and effectively manage the reduction
of wastes in their areas
• Manufacturing or production engineers to support identification of
wastes and facilitate improvements
• Quality to identify and lead problem solving of issues causing
defects, also to interpret the minimum standard required by the
customer
• Production planning to manage inventory and avoid
overproduction
• HR to minimise people waste through effective PDR processes and
deployment of skills matrices and training plans
Vinay MC

15. Summary
There are 3 types of work:
• Activities that add value
• Activities that are non-value adding, but necessary
• Waste
There are 8 categories of waste (TIM P WOOD)
• Transportation
• Inventory
• Motion
• People (Creativity / Intellect)
• Waiting
• Over Production
• Over Processing
• Defects / Rework
Eliminating waste improves safety, quality, delivery and
profitability whilst maximising the potential of personnel
Vinay MC