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REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA
EDUCACIÓN, SUPERIOR, CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA
INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO POLITÉCNICO
“SANTIAGO MARIÑO” – MATURÍN
INGENIERÍA ELECTRÓNICA
Sistemas de control en tiempo discreto
Facilitadora:
Amdie Chirinos
Autor:
García José. C.I: 25.576.067
Maturín, mayo de 2021
En el mismo caso del sistema continuo, un sistema es estable si y solo si,
una señal de entrada limitada, tiene una respuesta con una señal de
salida limitada; con la única diferencia que estos sistemas trabajan con
sistemas con tiempos discretos.
Para que un sistema de tiempo discreto sea estable, debe poseer todos
los polos de su función transferencia en el interior del circuito de radio
de unidad en el plano de la transformada z.
Función transferencia de un sistema estable
Si un polo simple se presenta en z=1 entonces el sistema se convierte en
críticamente estable. También ocurre esto mismo si solo un par de los polos
complejos conjugados se presentan sobre el círculo unitario en el plano z.
Cualquier polo múltiple en lazo cerrado sobre el circuito unitario hace al
sistema inestable
Los ceros del lazo cerrado no afecta la estabilidad
absoluta y por lo tanto puede quedar localizados en
cualquier parte del plano
Los siguientes métodos permiten el análisis de la
estabilidad en los sistemas de tiempos discretos:
• Prueba de Jury
• Transformación bilineal y criterio de Routh
Un sistema con la ecuación característica P(z)=0 dada
la forma
Donde 𝑎0 es estable, si todas las
condiciones se satisfacen:
Y esta ecuación puede ser
representada de la
siguiente forma:
En este caso, se hace una transformación bilineal, que requiere la
transformación de del plano z, a otro plano complejo w; junto al criterio
de estabilidad de Routh-Hurwitz, usado en sistemas continuos.
Donde la transformación bilineal está definida como:
Donde el interior del
circulo unitario ( 𝑧 < 1)
en el plano z corresponde
al semiplano izquierdo
del plano w
Entonces simplificando las fracciones multiplicando ambos miembros de
la última ecuación por 𝑤 − 1 𝑛, obtenemos
Una vez transformada P(z)=0 en Q(w)=0, se aplica el mismo criterio
de estabilidad de Routh, utilizado en tiempo continuo
Como primer paso corresponde sustituir en la ecuación P(z) la
transformación bilineal, es decir, z=(w+1)/(w-1)

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Sistemas de control en tiempo discreto

  • 1. REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN, SUPERIOR, CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO POLITÉCNICO “SANTIAGO MARIÑO” – MATURÍN INGENIERÍA ELECTRÓNICA Sistemas de control en tiempo discreto Facilitadora: Amdie Chirinos Autor: García José. C.I: 25.576.067 Maturín, mayo de 2021
  • 2.
  • 3. En el mismo caso del sistema continuo, un sistema es estable si y solo si, una señal de entrada limitada, tiene una respuesta con una señal de salida limitada; con la única diferencia que estos sistemas trabajan con sistemas con tiempos discretos. Para que un sistema de tiempo discreto sea estable, debe poseer todos los polos de su función transferencia en el interior del circuito de radio de unidad en el plano de la transformada z. Función transferencia de un sistema estable
  • 4. Si un polo simple se presenta en z=1 entonces el sistema se convierte en críticamente estable. También ocurre esto mismo si solo un par de los polos complejos conjugados se presentan sobre el círculo unitario en el plano z. Cualquier polo múltiple en lazo cerrado sobre el circuito unitario hace al sistema inestable Los ceros del lazo cerrado no afecta la estabilidad absoluta y por lo tanto puede quedar localizados en cualquier parte del plano Los siguientes métodos permiten el análisis de la estabilidad en los sistemas de tiempos discretos: • Prueba de Jury • Transformación bilineal y criterio de Routh
  • 5. Un sistema con la ecuación característica P(z)=0 dada la forma Donde 𝑎0 es estable, si todas las condiciones se satisfacen: Y esta ecuación puede ser representada de la siguiente forma:
  • 6. En este caso, se hace una transformación bilineal, que requiere la transformación de del plano z, a otro plano complejo w; junto al criterio de estabilidad de Routh-Hurwitz, usado en sistemas continuos. Donde la transformación bilineal está definida como: Donde el interior del circulo unitario ( 𝑧 < 1) en el plano z corresponde al semiplano izquierdo del plano w
  • 7. Entonces simplificando las fracciones multiplicando ambos miembros de la última ecuación por 𝑤 − 1 𝑛, obtenemos Una vez transformada P(z)=0 en Q(w)=0, se aplica el mismo criterio de estabilidad de Routh, utilizado en tiempo continuo Como primer paso corresponde sustituir en la ecuación P(z) la transformación bilineal, es decir, z=(w+1)/(w-1)