3. • The place name “Singapore” is derived from
Singa-pura (“City of the Lion”), a commonly
usedterm since the fourtheenth century.
• The flag is divided into equal red and white
horizontal sections symbolizing unity and
purity. A white cresent moon and five stars
in a circle symbolize a growing nation and
the ideals of democracy, peace, progress,
justice, and equality.
4. • Singapore lies at the tip
of the Malay peninsula.
It borders Malaysia,
Indonesia, and Brunei.
Its area is 248 square
miles (642 square
kilometers).
5. • The climate is tropical with high
humidity and abundant rainfall,
especially during the northeast monsoon
in December to March.
• The period of the southwest monsoon
(June to September) is usually the driest.
6. • Singapore has a population of about three
million, 2.7 million of whom are citizens and
permanent residents. The other three
hundred thousand are mainly foreign
workers.
• The Chinese constitute about 78 percent, the
Malays 14 percent, the Indians 7 percent, and
others 1 percent of the population.
7. • There is no single dominant national
identity. Instead, there are complex identities
that draw on a variety of sources and are
relevant in different situations, although
ethnic identity takes precedence in most
situations.
8. • Singapore is a multilingual state. The
national language is Malay, and the four
official languages are Malay, English, Indian
(Tamil), and Chinese (Mandarin).
9.
10. • The Mridangamis a double-
sideddrumwhose body is
usually made using a hollowed
piece of jackfruit wood about
an inch thick. The two mouths
or apertures of the drumare
coveredwith a goatskin and
lacedto each other with
leather straps aroundthe
circumference of drum.
11. • The modern guzheng usually
has 21 to 25 strings made
of metal wound with nylon.
There have been many
attempts to modernize the
guzheng by adding more
strings, tuning devices, and
pedals like those on the
concert harp, but fewof these
“improvements” have taken
hold.
12. • Gong Ring-produce two distinct
types of sound. A gong with a
substantially flat surface
vibrates in multiple modes,
giving a "crash" rather than a
tuned note. This category of
gong is sometimes called a tam-
tam to distinguish it from the
bossed gongs that give a tuned
note. In Indonesian gamelan
ensembles, some bossed gongs
are deliberately made to
generate in addition a beat
note in the range from about 1
to 5 Hz. The use of the term
"gong" for both these types of
instrument is common.
13.
14. • The top is typically
decorated with
immaculately
embroidered flowers
and patterns that serve
to demonstrate the
gentleness and
conscientiousness of
the Peranakan woman.
15. • A translucent gold shirt
with embroidered flowers
and a short sarong that
leaves little to the
imagination make up the
tropical-style costume of
Singapore
16.
17. • The local customs and culture in Singapore
are unique and a mixture of various ethnic
influences. All this has its roots in the
country’s history as a trading hub.
• The culture in Singapore is defined by the
different ethnic groups in the city state.
Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Western
influences are all palpable there, making for
a mix of traditions and local customs.
18. • This diversity of the culture in Singapore is
also reflected in the many languages spoken
there, including English, Chinese, Malay,
and Tamil.
• Culture in Singapore is largely defined by
peace, justice, social and religious harmony.
19. • The saying that Singapore is “fine” city, not
only refers to its cleanliness or its quality of
life. In fact, to ensure safety and order in the
state, the government has prohibited various
things. If you don’t want to pay a heavy fine
or even spent time in jail, you should avoid
the following :
20. • Chewing gum
• Spitting
• Littering
• Jay walking
• Dancing on counters or tables at a bar
• Smoking indoors
• Drinking and driving
• Public drunkenness
• Taking drugs
