Indian art and culture has many diverse art forms that have evolved over generations, from ancient folk paintings passed down orally to modern adaptations. Culture represents shared values and practices, and India has one of the largest collections of cultural heritage including music, dance, theater, and art. Tie-dye is an ancient resist dyeing technique where fabric is folded, twisted, or bound before dyeing to create patterns. It originated in various regions including Asia, Africa, South America, and became popular in the 1960s. Surface design involves applying patterns or illustrations to enhance visual appearance and functionality.

1. INDIAN ART AND CULTURE
Shefali Jain
2nd year Fashion Design
NSQF Level 6 of NSDC

2. WHAT IS INDIAN ART AND CULTURE ??
Ancient Indian folk painting and art styles have been passed down from
generation to generation , and are still practised in different parts of the
country . Being culturally diverse and distinct, a variety of art forms have
evolved over the years; some untouched by modernization , some adapting to
new paint colours and materials. Each depict religious epics or gods and
goddesses mostly, but they are all unique, admireable and inimitable in their
own might . In the days of yore, they were made with natural dyes and colours
made of soil, mud , leaves and charcoal , on canvas or cloth – giving it a sense
of antiquity , vintage nostalgia.
Culture plays an important role in the development of any nation. It
represents a set of shared attitudes, values, goals and practices. Culture and
creativity manifest themselves in almost all economic , social and other
activities . A country as diverse as india is symbolized by the plurality of its
culture.
India has one of the world’s largest collection of songs , music, dance, theatre,
folk traditions, performing arts , rites and rituals , paintings and writings that
are known, as the ‘Intangible Cultural Heritage’(ICH) of Humanity.

3. TIE AND DYE
Tie – dye is a modern term invented in the mid 1960’s in the United states (but
recoreded in writing in an earlier form in 1941 as “tied and dyed” by Charles
E. Pellew) for a set of ancient resist- dyeing techniques , and for the products
of these processes. The process of tie – dye typically consists of folding,
twisting, pleating, or crumpling fabric or a garment and binding with string or
rubber bands, followed by application of dye(s).the manipulations of the
fabric prior to application of dye are called resists, as they partially or
completely prevent the applied dye from colouring the fabric more
sophisticated tie- dyes involve additional steps, including an initial application
of dye prior to the resist, multiple sequential dye and resist steps, and the use
of other types of resists (stiching,stencils) and discharge.
Unlike regular resist- dyeing techniques , tie- dye is characterized by the use of
bright, saturated primary colours and bold patterns. These patterns, including
the spiral, mandala, and peace sign, and the use of multiple bold colors, have
become clinched since the peak popularity of tie- dye in the 1960s and 1970s .
A new interest in more ‘sophisticated’ tie- dye is emerging in the fashion
industry , characterized by simple motifs, monochromatic color schemes, and a
focus on fashionable garments and fabrics other than cotton.

4. The earliest surviving examples of pre-Columbian tie-dye in peru date from 500 to
810 AD. Their designs include small circles and lines, with bright colours including
red , yellow, blue and green
ASIA
Shibori includes a form of tie-dye that originated in japan and Indonesia. It hasbeen
practiced there since at least the 8th century . Shibori includes a number of labor- intensive
resist techniques including stiching elaborate patterns and tightly gathering the stiching
before dyeing , forming intricate designs for kimonos . Another shibori method is to wrap th
fabric around a core of rope , wood or other material, and bind it tightly with string or
thread. the areas of the fabric that are against the core or under the binding would remain
undyed.
Plangi and tritik are Indonesian words , derived from Japanese words, for methods related
to tie- dye, and ‘bandhna’ a term from india, giving rise to bandhani fabrics of rajasthan.
Ikat is a method of tie- dyeing the warp or weft before the cloth is woven.
Mudmee tie-dye originates in Thailand and neighboring part of laos. It uses different shapes and
colors from other types of tie- dye , and the colors are, in general, more subdued. Another
difference is that the base color is black.

5. AFRICA
Tie – dye techniques have also been used for centuries in the Hausa region of west
Africa, with renowed indigo dye pits located in and around kano , Nigeria. The tie- dyed
clothing is then richly embroidered in traditional patterns. It has been suggested that
these African techniques were the inspiration for the tie- dyed garments identified with
hippie fashion.

6. What is surface design
technique ???
Surface design is any type of artwork (pattern, illustration, hand lettering, etc.) made by
anyone that is intended to be applied to a surface to enhance its visual appearance and / or
functionality.

7. BOLD BLUES
MY CREATION

8. WORKING PROFILE

9. SAMPLES

10. Patch Work
Kantha Embroidery
Mirror Work
Piping and running stich
SPECIFICATION SHEET

11. Thank youShefali Jain
2nd year Fashion Design
NSQF Level 6 of NSDC