Bachelor of Science in Architecture College of Engineering and Architecture 2nd year - Block B Catanduanes State University

1. TITLE LOREM
IPSUM
Sit Dolor Amet

7. SHEET METAL MATERIALS
USED IN CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURING:
• Steel
• Aluminum
• Copper
• Brass
• Bronze
• Zinc
• Galvanized Steel
• Titanium
• Nickel
• Lead
• Tin

8. SHEET METAL
(STEEL AND ALUMINUM)
STEEL:
strong and durable alloy made
primarily from iron and carbon
ALUMINUM:
Lightweight metal known for its
corrosion resistance and
versatility

9. SHEET METAL
(COPPER AND BRASS)
COPPER:
Excellent conductor of electricity and
heat, often used in electrical wiring
BRASS:
Alloy of copper and zinc, known for its
golden appearance and corrosion
resistance.

10. SHEET METAL
(BRONZE AND ZINC)
BRONZE:
Alloy of copper and tin, used for
sculptures and musical
instruments
ZINC:
Metal used as a protective
coating for steel, preventing rust
and corrosion

11. SHEET METAL
(GALVANIZED STEEL AND TITANIUM)
GALVANIZED STEEL:
Steel coated with a layer of zinc
to enhance its corrosion
resistance.
TITANIUM:
Lightweight and strong metal
used in aerospace and medical
industries.

12. SHEET METAL
(NICKEL SAND LEAD)
NICKEL:
Metal often used for its
resistance to corrosion and high-
temperature applications
LEAD:
Heavy metal with low melting
point, used in batteries and
radiation shielding

13. SHEET METAL
(TIN)
TIN:
Soft and malleable metal used
for soldering and coating other
metals

14. TINSMITHRY TOOLS
1. Tin Snips: Tin snips are essential for cutting and shaping sheet metal.
They come in different types, including straight-cut, left-cut, and right-
cut snips, each designed for specific cutting directions.
2. Bench Shears: Bench shears are heavy-duty tools that can cut straight
lines in sheet metal quickly and accurately. They are typically mounted
on a workbench for stability.
3. Nibbler: Nibblers are used to make intricate curved or straight cuts in
sheet metal. They work by punching a small kerf through the metal
with each squeeze of the tool.
4. Metal Shears: Electric or pneumatic metal shears are power tools used
for cutting straight lines in sheet metal quickly and with less effort.
5. Brake (Sheet Metal Brake or Bending Brake): A bending brake is used for
making precise bends, folds, and creases in sheet metal. It is crucial for
creating angles and folds in metal pieces.
Tin Snips
Nibbler
Bench Shears
Metal shears
Brake

15. TINSMITHRY TOOLS
6. Soldering Iron or Soldering Gun: These tools are used to join sheet metal
pieces by melting solder that acts as a bonding material. Soldering is
commonly used in tinsmithry for creating seams and joints.
7. Seamers: Seamers come in various types, including hand seamers and
standing seamers. They are used to bend and crimp edges and seams in
sheet metal for a secure and watertight fit.
8. Mallet and Dollies: These tools are used to shape and form sheet metal by
hammering it over a dolly or anvil. They help create curves, angles, and
contours.
9. Riveting Tools: Rivet guns or pneumatic riveters are used to join sheet metal
pieces by setting rivets. Rivets provide a secure and durable connection.
10. Swage and Jenny Machines: These machines are used for creating beads,
offsets, and swages in sheet metal. They are valuable for decorative and
functional applications.
Nibbler
Bench Shears
Metal shears
Brake
Soldering Gun

16. TINSMITHRY TOOLS
11. Metalworking Hammers: Different types of metalworking hammers,
such as ball-peen, cross-peen, and planishing hammers, are used to
shape and contour sheet metal.
12. Rolling Machine: Rolling machines are used to shape sheet metal into
curves or cylinders. They are essential for projects that require
cylindrical metal components.
13. Awl and Scriber: These hand tools are used for marking and scribing
lines on sheet metal, helping tinsmiths make precise cuts and bends.
14. Tinman's Stake (Stake Anvil): This is a specialized anvil with various
shapes and contours used as a work surface for forming and shaping
sheet metal.
15. Cutting and Measuring Tools: Various cutting and measuring tools like
rulers, squares, protractors, and compasses are used for accurate
measurements and cuts in tinsmithry.
Nibbler
Bench Shears
Metal shears
Brake
Soldering Gun

17. CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS
1. Roofing
2. Siding
3. Gutters and Downspouts
4. Ductwork
5. Chimneys and Flues
6. Metal Framing
7. Windows and Door
8. Decorative Ornamentation
9. Copper and Metalwork Detailing
10. Expansion and Renovation
11. Metal Ceilings
12. Sculptures and Art Installations
13. Soundproofing and Acoustic Panels
14. Custom Metal Stairs and Railings

18. ERECTION AND ASSEMBLY
Here are key aspects of erection and assembly in construction:
1. Metal Framing Erection: In many building projects, metal framing is used for the structural framework. The assembly of
metal framing components, including beams, columns, and studs, is a critical phase. These components are typically
fabricated using sheet metal and assembled on-site.
2. Roof Erection: Erection and assembly of roofing systems involve installing sheet metal roofing materials, such as metal
panels or shingles. Tinsmiths play a role in ensuring the proper installation of roofing components, including flashing, ridge
caps, and gutters.
3. Siding Installation: The assembly of exterior siding involves the installation of sheet metal siding materials. Tinsmiths are
involved in the creation and assembly of siding panels, ensuring they are properly fitted to the building's exterior.
4. Ductwork Installation: In HVAC systems, the erection and assembly of ductwork are essential. Sheet metal ducts, both
rectangular and round, are assembled and connected to the HVAC equipment and distribution points within the building.
5. Chimney and Flue Erection: The erection of chimneys and flues for heating and ventilation systems involves the assembly
of metal components. Tinsmiths are responsible for creating and assembling these components, ensuring safe venting of
gases.

19. ERECTION AND ASSEMBLY
7. Metal Cladding Assembly: In architectural applications, metal cladding is used to provide an aesthetic or protective finish
to the building's exterior. The assembly process includes attaching cladding panels and decorative elements.
8. Gutter and Downspout Installation: Assemblies for drainage systems, such as gutters and downspouts, involve the
proper installation of sheet metal components. Tinsmiths fabricate and assemble these components to ensure effective
water management.
9. Metal Stair and Railing Installation: Erection and assembly also apply to architectural features like metal stairs,
balustrades, and railings. Tinsmiths create and assemble these elements to enhance the building's design and
functionality.
10. Custom Metal Doors and Windows: Assembly of custom metal doors and windows involves fitting and installation.
Tinsmiths are often responsible for crafting these elements and ensuring a proper fit.
11. Soundproofing Wall and Ceiling Assembly: In specific applications, metal panels for soundproofing are assembled to
improve sound insulation within the building.
12. Expansion and Renovation: When a building undergoes expansion or renovation, the erection and assembly of new
sheet metal elements are necessary to integrate them with existing structures seamlessly.

20. BUILDING ADDITIONS REFER TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEW SECTIONS OR EXTENSIONS TO EXISTING BUILDINGS. THESE ADDITIONS ARE DESIGNED TO
INCREASE THE USABLE SPACE, FUNCTIONALITY, OR AESTHETIC APPEAL OF A STRUCTURE. SHEET METAL AND TINSMITHRY TECHNIQUES PLAY VARIOUS
ROLES IN BUILDING ADDITIONS. HERE ARE SOME ASPECTS RELATED TO BUILDING ADDITIONS WHERE SHEET METAL AND TINSMITHRY COME INTO PLAY:
1. Roofing Additions
2. Siding Additions
3. Gutter and Downspout Extensions
4. Flashing and Sealing
5. Ductwork and HVAC Systems
6. Metal Framework for Additions
7. Custom Metal Features
8. Insulation and Soundproofing
9. Retrofitting for Sustainability
10. Chimneys and Flues
BUILDING ADDITIONS

21. REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE ARE CRITICAL ASPECTS OF ENSURING THE LONGEVITY AND FUNCTIONALITY OF BUILDINGS. SHEET METAL AND TINSMITHRY
TECHNIQUES PLAY VITAL ROLES IN MAINTAINING AND REPAIRING VARIOUS BUILDING COMPONENTS. HERE ARE KEY ASPECTS RELATED TO REPAIRS AND
MAINTENANCE WHERE SHEET METAL AND TINSMITHRY ARE ESSENTIAL:
1. Roof Repairs
2. Flashing and Sealant Replacement
3. Gutter and Downspout Maintenance
4. Ductwork Inspection and Repairs
5. Metal Framing Restoration
6. Siding Repairs
7. Chimney and Flue Maintenance
REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE
8. Custom Metal Element Restoration
9. Metal Restoration and Refinishing
10. Expansion Joint Maintenance
11. Soundproofing Upkeep
12. Sustainability Improvements
13. Emergency Repairs

22. SHEET METAL PLAYS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN BUILDING RENOVATION AND PRESERVATION PROJECTS, HELPING TO MAINTAIN, RESTORE, AND
ENHANCE THE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY, AESTHETICS, AND FUNCTIONALITY OF OLDER BUILDINGS. HERE ARE VARIOUS WAYS IN WHICH
SHEET METAL IS USED IN SUCH PROJECTS:
1. Roof Restoration
2. Flashing and Gutter Replacement
3. Historical Ornamentation
4. Window and Door Trim
5. Facade Refurbishment
6. Historical Replication
7. Metal Panel Restoration
8. Structural Reinforcement
9. Sculptural and Artistic Restoration
10. Stained Glass Window Restoration
11. Historical Repainting
12. Soundproofing and Acoustic Panel
Installation
13. Sustainable Additions
BUILDING RENOVATION AND PRESERVATION