Session 07 - Flow Control Statements

Classification: Restricted
Selenium Training
Flow Control Statements

Agenda
• Flow Control
• Types of Flow Control
• If-Else
• Activity
• Switch-Case
• For Loop
• While Loop
• Do-While Loop

Flow Control
• A programs ‘flow’ refers to the order in which statements are executed.
• By default, statements are executed sequentially.
• Flow control statements are used to alter or modify the path of execution
of instructions when certain conditions are present.

Types of Flow Control
• Sequential statements are executed in the order they
are written
• This is the default flow of a program as instructions
are executed in the order they appear

• Selection structures execute a certain branch
based on the results of a boolean condition
• This flow is useful in decision-making scenarios
and can be implemented by using the if-else or
switch-case statements

•Iteration structures execute instructions
repeatedly based on a condition
•This type of flow control can be implemented by
making use of the different loop statements:
•for-loop
•while-loop
•do-while loop

If-Else
• An if-else performs statement(s) based on a condition
Syntax: if ( condition ) {
// statement(s) to be executed If condition is met
} else { // ( else statement is optional )
// statement(s) to be executed If condition is NOT met
}
Example: int x = 1;
if ( x > 0 ) {
System.out.println( “The value of x is greater than zero” );
} else {
System.out.println( “The value of x is less than or equal to
zero” );
}

• What is the output?
int a = 2, b = 0, c = 5;
if (a / b > c) {
System.out.println("Be Happy");
}
else {
System.out.println("Enjoy Life");
}
Activity

• Trying to divide by 0, the program will get terminated
int a = 2, b = 0, c = 5;
if (a / b > c) {
}
else {
}
Activity

int a = 2, b = 0, c = 5;
if (b > 0 && a / b > c) {
}
else {
}
Activity

int a = 2, b = 0, c = 5;
if (b > 0 && a / b > c) {
}
else {
}
• The program prints Enjoy Life
• Why is divide by zero not terminating the program?
• As the first condition is false, the second condition is not evaluated
Activity

• Get an positive integer in the range of 1 to 12 and print the equivalent
month name. Print the message “Invalid Month” if the integer is out of this
range
Activity

• A possible solution is given below
if (month == 1) {
System.out.println("Jan");
}
else if (month == 2) {
System.out.println("Feb");
}
else if (month == 3) {
System.out.println("March");
}
//and so on...
Activity

Switch-Case
• A switch-case allows the program to choose which statement(s) to
perform based on a condition
Syntax: switch (exp) {
case val1: // statements here
break;
case val2: // statements here
break;
default: // statements here
}
Example: int x = 1;
switch (x) {
case 1: System.out.println ( “Value of x is 1”);
break;
case 2: System.out.println ( “Value of x is NOT 1”);
break;
default: System.out.println ( “Value of x is NULL”);
}

For Loop
• A for-loop performs statement(s) repeatedly if a certain condition is
satisfied
Syntax: for ( init; condition; exp ) {
//statements here
}
Example: for ( int i = 1; i < 11; i++ ) {
System.out.println ( “The value of i is: “ + i );
}

While Loop
• while() performs statements repeatedly while a condition remains true
Syntax: while ( condition ) {
//statements here
}
Example: int x = 1;
while ( x < 11) {
System.out.println ( “The value of x is: “ + x );
}

Thank You!
Flow Control
If-Else
Activity
Switch-Case
For Loop
While Loop
Do-While Loop

Session 07 - Flow Control Statements

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Session 07 - Flow Control Statements