Development Of sericulture tradition in odisha.. Project for class 10 students. study on sericulture tradition development took place in Odisha. this includes struggle made by sericulture artists to make this tradition sucessful.For more such content vist www.summarynets.blogspot.com

1. Sericulture Tradition In Odisha
~ sericultural potential yet to be tapped.

2. Name : Keshav Goenka.
Grade: X Roll no : 28
Topic: History internal
assessment.
Teacher: Apurva Mam and
Subeesh Sir.
School : Podar
International school.

3. History Of silk In Odisha.
Historical research reveals that tasar fabrics
were exported to Rome, Egypt and South-East
Asian countries by ancient Tamralipta port of
Orissa around 2000 years.
 The tribal people of Orissa practice tasar
sericulture since time immemorial. In Orissa,
Tasar culture was first organized by the princely
state of Mayurbhanj. It received royal patronage
from the Bhanja dynasty (640-1952 AD).
 Mulberry sericulture was introduced in Orissa
during the Sixth Five Year Plan with the
establishment of some Mulberry Demonstration
Firms (MDF). It was intensified during the
Seventh Plan and benefits of Mulberry
Sericulture were extended to readers at large.
 Rearing of the Eri silkmoth was introduced to the
State by the Bihar-Orissa Government during
1940s. Since then it has been practiced by the
tribal of Orissa as a part of their occupation to
sustain economic gain.
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4. Silk Farming
 Sericulture and silk production have an
enormous potential in our country
provided it is made available to rural
people, especially women, and its
marketing is organized independently.
 It can serve as an excellent mode for
employment generation and
augmentation of income.
 This requires not only providing fresh
technological inputs to primary producers
but more importantly, evolving and
establishing new systems of organizing
production and marketing.
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5. Sericulture Tradition In odisha.
Sericulture is a livelihood
activity that goes round
the year & provides
remunerative income to
the farmers.
Mulberry, Tasar, Eri and Muga cultivated In India, three types namely
Mulberry, Tasar and Eri culture is practiced in Odisha. These 4 types of silk
differ in their food plant, duration of life cycle, quality of cocoon and yarn
viz. size, weight, texture, color, strength etc. At present with Govt. support
tribals & few non- tribals under the BPL category are practicing sericulture
& producing silk cocoons.
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6. Present Status of Sericulture in Odisha.
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 Sericulture is an important agro-based cottage industry. It
has a huge potential to generate employment
opportunities on a massive scale in rural sections of
Odisha.
 Sericulture is a livelihood activity that goes around the
year & provides remunerative income to the farmers.
 About 15,000 traditional families are involving silk rearing
and one lakh people actively practice sericulture in
Odisha.
 It provides indirect employment to the equal number of
reelers, spinners &weavers. Out of the four types of silks
viz.
 Mulberry, Tasar, Eri, and Muga cultivated in India, only
three types namely Mulberry, Tasar, and Eri culture are
practiced in Odisha.
 All these types of silk differ in their food plant, duration
of the life cycle, quality of cocoon and yarn viz.

7. Sericulture Industry in Odisha
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 Sericulture has been identified as an occupation of
low investment, employment and income
generating.
 It is found that sericulture is highly profitable as
compared to many other crops.
 Sericulture involves simple technologies, easy to
understand and adopt even illiterate farmers and it
gives returns in quick succession yielding income in
every two or three months.
 Sericulture does not require hard labor and rearing
of silkworms is generally attended to by women and
old people.
 Sericulture ideally suits in rain fed conditions
because of its low cost of production and higher
returns than any other types of crops in Odisha.
 Mulberry plants withstand severe drought
conditions and give at least some income for
sustenance while other agriculture crops wither
away.
 Sericulture is more advantageous for weaker
sections of the society like schedule caste and
scheduled tribes.

8. Impact of Sericulture on Economy and Environment
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 Employment Generation: Sericulture is the part of
the agriculture activities in Odisha. More than 20
lakh people are engaged in various sericulture
activities. It generates more employment
opportunities when compare to other industry,
especially in rural and semi-urban areas.
 Ideal Program for Weaker Section of the Society:
Sericulture is the ideal programme for weaker
sections of the society because low gestation,
higher returns. Acres of mulberry garden and
silkworm rearing can avoid maximum laborers and
save the wages in the sericulture sector of the
state.
 Eco-Friendly Activity: Sericulture sector is an eco-
friendly activity because as a perennial crop with
good foliage mulberry contributes to soil
conservation and provides greenery. It helps in
enlarging forest coverage by plantation of host
plant like Asian and Arjun. Waste form of silkworm
rearing can recycle as inputs to garden.

9. Silk in Odisha
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• Odisha is a beautiful state where its old tradition
and culture is closely associated with “Jagannath
Culture”.
• Mulberry sericulture has been introduced in
Odisha since 1980-81. During the seventh Five
year plan it was extended to rear at large. The
tribal have been associated with mulberry
cultivation since 1980. Rearing of Eri Silk moth
the state by the (Bihar Odisha Govt.) during
1940. Since then it has been practiced by tribals
in Odisha. Over all sericulture have been
practiced by the poor tribal of Odisha as a part of
their occupation for subsidiary income
generation to sustain economic gain.

10. Silk and its types
The silk world is broadly divided into insect origin and non-insect origin . The silk insect is the real silk
which constitutes two varieties of silk such as mulberry and non-mulberry. Non-mulberry is divided
into several types such as Tasar, Eri, Muga, Anaphe, Fagara and Coan. Non-insect silk constitutes
spiders silk and mussel silk.
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11. Silk produced in odisha
Mulberry Silk Tasar Silk Eri Silk
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12. Mulberry Silk
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Mulberry silk is a cultivated silk
produced by the silk worm Bombyx
Mori. It is reared in door and fed
with mulberry leaves. The mulberry
cocoons are usually white and
yellow in colour. The mulberry silk is
almost soft and shining. The silk
constitute 90% of the total silk
production in the world.

13. Tasar Silk
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A paphia feeds primarily on shore
Robusta these silk worms have more
than four dozens of secondary food
plants. The cocoon size is just like a
hen’s egg and fabric made out of
this silk yarn very considerably in
color texture. Tasar is cultivated in
states of Bihar, Odisha, West-Bengal
and Maharastra etc. It is silk reeled
from cocoons of silkworms
belonging to saturniidae family,
which are fed on leaves Arjuna
trees.

14. Eri Silk
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It is spun from cocoons of silkworms
belonging to saturniidae family,
which are fed on castor leaves. Eri
yarn is produced in Assam, Bihar,
Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland and
West Bengal. Unlike other kind of
silk, this cannot be reeled and hence
it is only spun. It has natural
copperish colour.

15. Life Cycle Of Silk Worm
Stage 1: Egg
Stage 2: Silkworm
Stage 3: Cocoon
Stage 4: Pupa
Stage 5: Moth
The life cycle of silk moth starts when a female silk moth lays eggs.
The caterpillar or larvae are hatched from the eggs of the silk moth.
The silkworms feed on mulberry leaves and give rise to pupa. In the
pupa stage, a weave is netted around by the silkworm to hold itself.
After that it swings its head, spinning a fiber made of a protein and
becomes a silk fiber. Several caterpillars form a protective layer
around pupa and this covering is known as the cocoon. The silk
thread (yarn) is obtained from the silk moth’s cocoon.
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17. Processing of silk
Extracting silk from the cocoon is known as the processing of silk. Silk is separated
from the cocoon by exposing it to sunlight. After the reeling of silk is done, the process
of unwinding silk from a cocoon takes place. Silk thread is then bleached. The silk fiber
is then spun into silk threads.
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18. Summary
Odisha is a unique state in production of three
varieties of silk, namely tasar, mulberry and Eri.
 Sericulture sector is regarded as one of the
most appropriate agro-based cottage
industry for rural development,
environment protection, and rejuvenation.
 This sector not only generates rural
employment and prevents rural migration,
but also acts as the predominant role for
the protection and preservation of ecology,
heritage, and socio-cultural values.
 Sericulture has been identified as a
promising sector of Odisha economy with
the strong potential to create employment
opportunities and contributes to state GDP.
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19. Thank you!
Keshav Goenka
Email:
Keshav.g7ich@gmail.com
Phone:
+91 94225 14258