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Prostate Cancer Treatment Options
This document provides information on treatment options for prostate cancer. It discusses several treatment approaches including watchful waiting, surgery, external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy, proton therapy, and stereotactic body radiation therapy. For each treatment option, it provides details on the procedure and recovery time, as well as potential side effects. The goal of the document is to educate patients diagnosed with prostate cancer on the various treatment approaches available.
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Prostate Cancer Treatment Options
- 1. ì PROSTATE CANCER TREATMENT OPTIONS 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 2. PROSTATE CANCER OVERVIEW ì The prostate is located in a man’s lower abdomen and controls the flow of urine and semen. ì Second only to lung cancer, prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among American men. ì According to the American Cancer Society, an esEmated 238,590 cases of prostate cancer will occur in the US during 2013. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 3. TREATING PROSTATE CANCER ì The stage of the cancer ì The patient’s age and health ì The patient’s Gleason Score — This determines how likely it is that a tumor will spread ì Whether the cancer is recently diagnosed or recurring ì The patient’s prostate-‐specific antigen (PSA) levels — PSA is a substance made by the prostate that may be found in an increased amount in the blood of men who have prostate cancer Prostate cancer treatments differ primarily in technical nature and potenEal side effects. Treatment options can depend on the following: 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 4. TREATMENT OPTIONS ì Prostate cancer treatment options include: ì Watchful Waiting ì Surgery ì External-‐Beam Radiation Therapy ì Brachytherapy ì Proton Therapy ì Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 5. WATCHFUL WAITING ì The concept of watchful waiEng has emerged as a viable opEon for men who decide not to undergo immediate surgery or radiaEon therapy. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 6. SURGERY ì Procedure & Recovery Time ì Procedure lasts 3 – 4 hours ì Requires general anesthesia and a three-‐ day hospital stay ì Recovery usually requires a few weeks at home ì Potential side effects ì Urinary incontinence ì Erectile dysfunction Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: Surgery in which the prostate gland is removed and that may include biopsies of nearby lymph nodes. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 7. EXTERNAL-‐BEAM RADIATION THERAPY ì Procedure & Recovery Time ì Approximately 40 daily radiaEon treatments over a period of seven to eight weeks ì Treatment takes approximately 15 minutes ì Outpatient procedure that allows most patients to return to their normal routine ì Potential side effects ì Temporary rectal and urinary irritation ì Erectile dysfunction ì Lacks the ability to correct for movement of the prostate during treatment, resulting in possible damage to healthy tissue surrounding the prostate Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy or IMRT: IMRT targets radiation beams to the location of the patient’s tumor. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 8. BRACHYTHERAPY ì Procedure & Recovery Time ì One-‐Eme procedure that requires paEents to remain in the hospital for several hours ì PaEents are usually allowed to return home on the same day ì Potential side effects ì Erectile dysfunction ì Urinary irritation, frequency and obstruction ì Rectal injury Brachytherapy: Small radioactive seeds are implanted within the prostate gland and give off radiation to the immediate surrounding area over the course of several months. After a year, the radioactive material degrades, and the seeds that remain are harmless. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 9. PROTON THERAPY ì Procedure & Recovery Time ì Treatment is usually delivered five days a week for approximately eight weeks ì PaEents are usually able to return to their normal rouEne aVer treatment ì Potential side effects ì Few to no side effects when compared to traditional radiation therapy Proton Therapy: Noninvasive treatment that uses a particle accelerator to deliver a focused ray of proton particles that destroy cancer cells. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 10. STEREOTACTIC BODY RADIATION THERAPY Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: Noninvasive procedure that delivers targeted radiation beams to the prostate without incision or sedation using Novalis Tx® technology. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com ì Procedure & Recovery Time ì PaEents are treated in five or fewer outpaEent sessions ì Treatment procedures take about 30-‐40 minutes ì PaEents are usually able to return to their normal rouEne aVer treatment ì Recovery is often immediate ì Potential side effects ì Few to no side effects when compared to traditional radiation therapy
- 11. How Does Novalis Tx Treat Prostate Cancer The treatment process includes: ì Consultation appointment ì Pretreatment procedures ì Novalis Tx treatment ì Follow-‐up Prior to stereotacEc body radiosurgery treatment, small metal Essue markers known as fiducials may be implanted in the prostate to help the Novalis Tx pinpoint the tumor locaEon throughout each treatment, so the radiaEon beams delivered during treatment can be locked on the tumor. PaEents are then scheduled for no more than five Novalis Tx treatments. Each treatment takes about 30 -‐ 40 minutes, and paEents can return to their normal rouEnes following each procedure. 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com
- 12. Our Center Under the leadership of Medical Director Dr. Brian Volpp, San Diego Radiosurgery has offered advanced cancer treatment from some of the region’s most experienced radiation oncologists and technicians since opening in 2008. Call us or visit our website to learn more about prostate cancer treatment with Novalis Tx. San Diego Radiosurgery is a service of Palomar Health Downtown Campus, a member of Palomar Health. Connect With Us Medical Director: Dr. Bryan Volpp Nurse: Cathy Blazek, RN, BSN Medical Physicist: Mark Young 555 East Valley Parkway, Escondido, CA 92025 (760) 739-‐3835 www.sdradiosurgery.com