The document defines scientific method as a systematic process of observation, classification, and interpretation of data according to George Lundberg. It involves careful observation and classification of facts, discovering scientific laws, and making predictions. The characteristics of scientific method include dealing with specific problems, following a systematic theoretical approach, and verifying phenomena through experimentation and proof. The steps of scientific method are identifying a problem, formulating a hypothesis, conducting experiments or observations to test the hypothesis, analyzing and classifying the data, interpreting the findings, and drawing conclusions. While scientific method reduces individual variations and biases, increases tested knowledge, and unites theory with practice, it also has limitations such as producing abstract explanations and conclusions that are not final.

1. SCIENTIFIC METHOD
PRESENTED BY,
Mrs. GEETA V RASALKAR
PROF & HOD
DEPT OF PAEDIATRIC NURSING
GOVT COLLEGE OF NURSING ,
KALABURAGI

2. DEFINITION
 According to George Lundberg:
Scientific method is one that consist
systematic observation,
classification and interpretation of
data.

3. FEATURES OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD:
Careful and accurate classification
of facts and observation.
Discovery of scientific laws
Universality
predictability

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIENTIFIC
METHOD:
 Nature of non imposition
 It deals it with specific diseases and problems
 Method follows the path systematic theory
 Scientific enquiry is circuitous ( it proceeds from
weighing evidence, appraisal of facts to experience
and from experience to facts.)
 It lies on the phenomena of verification and proof.

5. METHODS OF ASCERTAINING
KNOWELEDGE :
Observation
Experimentation
Questioning
Critical thinking
Reasoning
Exploration

6. STEPS IN SCIENTIFIC METHOD:
 1.Problem – obstacle idea
 2.statement of the problem
 3.hypothesis
 4.observation – test – experiment
 5.classification of the data
 6.analysis of the data
 7.interpretation of the findings
 8.conclusions.

7. Scope of scientific method:
Individual / class variations are
reduced that leads to generalizations.
Personal prejudices decreases
Social sciences difficulties decreases
Complex problems can be scientifically
solved

8. Advantages of scientific method:
 It provides verification of the acquired
knowledge.
 Only method to increase the general body
of tested knowledge.
 Eliminates arbitrary and ambiguous opinion.
 It strengthens the courage for overcoming
illusions.
 It unites the theory with procedure.

9. Limitations of scientific method.
 Involves abstracts.
 Scientific explanation never completes.
 Conclusions arrival are not final
 They have limited scope with concerned area only.
 Superstitious ,cherished beliefs are hostile to growth of scientific
methods.
 Formal procedures are fruitless
 Scientific judgment are difficult sometimes
 The growth of scientific methods in society is less with no freedom
 Infrastructure and financial support hinders this method
 No scientific method can guarantee certainty of achieving the goal.