This PPT includes an absolute knowledge about the scalenus syndrome,with causes,clinical features and management of the same,which is taken from the known books such as orthopaedics physical assessment by David J.Magee &etc.
3. Introduction:-
Scalene myofascial pain syndrome is a regional pain
syndrome wherein pain originates over the neck area and
radiates down to the arm.
It is usually caused by compression of brachial plexus and
subclavian artery against the first rib by hypertonic
anterior scalene muscle.
4. Causes:-
Whiplash injuries
Excessive coughing
Gasping of air(people who suffer from asthma, emphysema,or
have bronchitis or pneumonia are especially susceptible to
problematic scalene muscles)
Pulling or lifting with arms level With the waist
Working for long-periods with head turned to one side
Sleeping on the stomach with head turned to one side
Carrying a heavy backpack or purse
Wearing a tight collar or tie
5. Clinical features:
Pain in the shoulder and neck
Numbness
Pins and tingling sensation
Reduced sensation of touch
Breathing difficulty
Chest pain
6. Test for scalene:-
Individuals position :-The individual is lying supine with head
elevated and rotated to the contralateral side to be assessed;with
hand raised above the head.
Examiner’s position:- Standing on the head of the table with the
fingers of his hand on the forehead of the individual.
Description of muscle test:- The individual is requested to flex
his/her head to the chest against the examiner’s mild resistance.
7. Management:-
Pain relievers such as NSAIDs.
Stretching of the scalene muscles.
Strentghening of the scalene muscles.
8. Complications:-
Permanent paralysis due to T1 root compression
Pneumothorax
Hemothorax with pneumothorax
Recurrence of symptoms
Subclavian artery and vein injuries
Causalgia
Chylothorax