This document provides an overview of Eisenmann AG's thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition and chemical warfare agents. It describes the full steel rotary kiln, brick lined rotary kiln, moving bed reactor, TURAKTOR® technology, shuttle/chamber kiln, and full steel rotary kiln technologies. Case studies and examples of facilities built in Germany, Ukraine, Russia, Albania, and Japan are presented to illustrate each technology. The document discusses the theoretical backgrounds and practical applications of each thermal disposal method.
UKCCSRC PACT Test Facilities and UK Research on Biomass and Gas CCS, Mohamed Pourkashanian (University Of Sheffield) UK/Norway/Canada Meeting 18/19 March 2015
Materi yang disampaikan pada Workshop on Evaluation of HTGR Pebble Bed Type, Rabu 22 April 2015.
Mencakup:
- perbedaan antara High Temp. Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) dengan Light Water Reactor (LWR)
- Prinsip Keselamatan HTGR tipe pebble bed: Control, Cooling, Contain.
- Perhitungan kritikalitas dan equilibrium teras reaktor HTGR tipe pebble bed.
Innovative engineering design in circulating fluid bed technologyIgor Sidorenko
Sneyd, S., Sidorenko, I., Orth, A., & Laumann, M.-D. (2007) Innovative engineering design in circulating fluid bed technology. Paper presented at CHEMECA conference, Melbourne.
UKCCSRC PACT Test Facilities and UK Research on Biomass and Gas CCS, Mohamed Pourkashanian (University Of Sheffield) UK/Norway/Canada Meeting 18/19 March 2015
Materi yang disampaikan pada Workshop on Evaluation of HTGR Pebble Bed Type, Rabu 22 April 2015.
Mencakup:
- perbedaan antara High Temp. Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) dengan Light Water Reactor (LWR)
- Prinsip Keselamatan HTGR tipe pebble bed: Control, Cooling, Contain.
- Perhitungan kritikalitas dan equilibrium teras reaktor HTGR tipe pebble bed.
Innovative engineering design in circulating fluid bed technologyIgor Sidorenko
Sneyd, S., Sidorenko, I., Orth, A., & Laumann, M.-D. (2007) Innovative engineering design in circulating fluid bed technology. Paper presented at CHEMECA conference, Melbourne.
The webinar addresses all operators of a vario MAX N/CN cube. We pay attention to frequently asked questions regarding maintenance, method optimization and instrument parameters. Furthermore, we talk about typical sample matrices that can cause problems during the analysis and assist you to solve them.
Combustion sources such as furnaces and fired
heaters play a critical role in the process industry.
Unfortunately, combustion requires large amounts of
fuel (gas, fuel oil). As a result, combustion efficiency
directly influences the performance and operational
costs of production facilities. However, efficiency is not
the only concern. Compliance and safety are major
challenges as well.
Der von Elementar neu entwickelte inductar CS cube für die CS Analyse vereint hoch präzise Daten mit einem benutzerfreundlichen, sauberen und automatischen Analysenprozess. Entdecken Sie ein neues Level der Kohlenstoff- und Schwefelbestimmung in Metallen und anorganischen Materialien. Der neue inductar CS cube steckt voller innovativer und fortschrittlicher Ideen, um Ihre CS Analyse einfacher und zuverlässiger zu machen.
Weitere Informationen zum inductar CS cube erhalten Sie in unserem Webinar.
Gas Turbines at PACT Research and Development on Gas Turbines and CCS - talk by Karen Finney, University of Leeds, at the opening of the UKCCSRC PACT Beighton facility
N-protein determination according to the Dumas principle is an industry-proven method with outstanding reliability and robustness. Application areas range from food and beverages to animal feed and pet food. No matter whether it’s beer, soy sauce, cat food, liquid, viscos, solid or a gel - Elementar’s analyzers offer utmost sample flexibility.
Innovative EAS REGAINER technology: reliable and inexpensive
Learn from our experts how Elementar’s patented EAS REGAINER® technology helps to reduce cost per analysis by approx. 50%. Measuring N-protein has never been that inexpensive! Moreover, we are glad to introduce our alternatives to helium as carrier gas. Never get the helium sticker shock again.
BIO-CAP-UK: Air/Oxy Biomass Combustion with CO2 Capture Technology, UK Study - presentation by Karen Finney in the Biomass CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HELICAL TUBE IN COIL TYPE HEAT EXCHANGERhemantnehete
Heat exchangers are the important engineering systems with wide variety of applications including power plants, nuclear reactors, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, heat recovery systems, chemical processing and food industries. Helical coil configuration is very effective for heat exchangers and chemical reactors because they can accommodate a large heat transfer area in a small space, with high heat transfer coefficients. This project focus on an increase in the effectiveness of a heat exchanger and analysis of various parameters that affect the effectiveness of a heat exchanger and also deals with the performance analysis of heat exchanger by varying various parameters like number of coils, flow rate and temperature. The results of the helical tube heat exchanger are compared with the straight tube heat exchanger in both parallel and counter flow by varying parameters like temperature, flow rate of cold water and number of turns of helical coil.
The webinar addresses all operators of a vario MAX N/CN cube. We pay attention to frequently asked questions regarding maintenance, method optimization and instrument parameters. Furthermore, we talk about typical sample matrices that can cause problems during the analysis and assist you to solve them.
Combustion sources such as furnaces and fired
heaters play a critical role in the process industry.
Unfortunately, combustion requires large amounts of
fuel (gas, fuel oil). As a result, combustion efficiency
directly influences the performance and operational
costs of production facilities. However, efficiency is not
the only concern. Compliance and safety are major
challenges as well.
Der von Elementar neu entwickelte inductar CS cube für die CS Analyse vereint hoch präzise Daten mit einem benutzerfreundlichen, sauberen und automatischen Analysenprozess. Entdecken Sie ein neues Level der Kohlenstoff- und Schwefelbestimmung in Metallen und anorganischen Materialien. Der neue inductar CS cube steckt voller innovativer und fortschrittlicher Ideen, um Ihre CS Analyse einfacher und zuverlässiger zu machen.
Weitere Informationen zum inductar CS cube erhalten Sie in unserem Webinar.
Gas Turbines at PACT Research and Development on Gas Turbines and CCS - talk by Karen Finney, University of Leeds, at the opening of the UKCCSRC PACT Beighton facility
N-protein determination according to the Dumas principle is an industry-proven method with outstanding reliability and robustness. Application areas range from food and beverages to animal feed and pet food. No matter whether it’s beer, soy sauce, cat food, liquid, viscos, solid or a gel - Elementar’s analyzers offer utmost sample flexibility.
Innovative EAS REGAINER technology: reliable and inexpensive
Learn from our experts how Elementar’s patented EAS REGAINER® technology helps to reduce cost per analysis by approx. 50%. Measuring N-protein has never been that inexpensive! Moreover, we are glad to introduce our alternatives to helium as carrier gas. Never get the helium sticker shock again.
BIO-CAP-UK: Air/Oxy Biomass Combustion with CO2 Capture Technology, UK Study - presentation by Karen Finney in the Biomass CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HELICAL TUBE IN COIL TYPE HEAT EXCHANGERhemantnehete
Heat exchangers are the important engineering systems with wide variety of applications including power plants, nuclear reactors, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, heat recovery systems, chemical processing and food industries. Helical coil configuration is very effective for heat exchangers and chemical reactors because they can accommodate a large heat transfer area in a small space, with high heat transfer coefficients. This project focus on an increase in the effectiveness of a heat exchanger and analysis of various parameters that affect the effectiveness of a heat exchanger and also deals with the performance analysis of heat exchanger by varying various parameters like number of coils, flow rate and temperature. The results of the helical tube heat exchanger are compared with the straight tube heat exchanger in both parallel and counter flow by varying parameters like temperature, flow rate of cold water and number of turns of helical coil.
Presentation given by Jon Gibbins of the University of Edinburgh (on behalf of Karen Finney, University of Leeds) on "Gas-FACTS - Future Advanced Capture Technology Systems" at the UKCCSRC Gas CCS Meeting, University of Sussex, 25 June 2014
Practical Implementation Of Renewable Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Installations in t...guest083950
Paper presented at the conference Detail Design in Architecture 8 at University of Wales Institute Cardiff, on the 4th September 2009.
Authors: Gavin D. J. Harper & Ross Gazey
David Agar (Technical University of Dortmund) presenting 'Power-to-Gas with Direct-Air-Capture' at the UKCCSRC/IMechE/CO2Chem Air Capture Workshop on 20th February 2015 in London
“Towards net zero: extracting energy from flooded coal mines for heating and ...Kyungeun Sung
“Towards net zero: extracting energy from flooded coal mines for heating and cooling applications” – Prof Amin Al-Habaibeh, Nottingham Trent University, presenting at the Net Zero Conference 2022, ‘Research Journeys in/to Net Zero: Current and Future Research Leaders in the Midlands, UK’ (on Friday 24th June 2022 at De Montfort University)
Heat Transfer Analysis to Optimize The Water Cooling Scheme For Combustion De...IJERA Editor
Thermal Propulsion system is one kind of propulsion system which is used to drive torpedo. The present study focuses mainly on design of combustion device known to be thrust chamber or thrust cylinder. The chamber and nozzle wall and the injector face plate must be made of metals selected for high strength at elevated temperature coupled with good thermal conductivity, resistance to high temperature oxidation. chemical inertness on the coolant on the coolant side, and suitability for the fabrication method to be employed. In the case of certain monopropellants, the metal must not catalyze the decomposition. Although aluminum and copper alloys have been used successfully for combustion chambers and nozzles, stainless steels and carbon steels are in widest use today.A cooling jacket permits the circulation of a coolant, which, in the case of flight engines is usually one of the propellants. Water is the only coolant recommended. The cooling jacket consists of an inner and outer wall. The combustion chamber forms the inner wall and another concentric but larger cylinder provides the outer wall. The space between the walls serves as the coolant passage. The nozzle throat region usually has the highest heat transfer intensity and is, therefore, the most difficult to cool.
Adsorption Materials and Processes for Carbon Capture from Gas-Fired Power Plants – AMPGas - presentation by Enzo Mangano in the Natural Gas CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
ISI 2024: Application Form (Extended), Exam Date (Out), EligibilitySciAstra
The Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) has extended its application deadline for 2024 admissions to April 2. Known for its excellence in statistics and related fields, ISI offers a range of programs from Bachelor's to Junior Research Fellowships. The admission test is scheduled for May 12, 2024. Eligibility varies by program, generally requiring a background in Mathematics and English for undergraduate courses and specific degrees for postgraduate and research positions. Application fees are ₹1500 for male general category applicants and ₹1000 for females. Applications are open to Indian and OCI candidates.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
2. 2
Agenda
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
- Full steel rotary kiln, brick lined rotary kiln and the moving bed reactor
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
- TURAKTOR® technology, shuttle/chamber kiln and full steel rotary kiln
Overview of EISENMANN‘s references of thermal ammunition disposal
Conclusions and summary
3. 3
About Eisenmann
Eisenmann is a leading international systems supplier for finishing technology, material flow automation,
and for environmental and thermal process technology.
Plant design and construction experts
Highly flexible systems integrator
Market and technology leader in components as well as in complete systems
Service provider with a broad range of service products
Family-owned company with a very sound financial foundation and sustainable economic management
Innovative high-tech company due to a wide range of R&D activities as well as testing facilities & laboratories
4. 4
Fact Sheet
No.1 in the world market for paint shops for plastic parts
No.1 in the world market for ammunition disposal plants
€789 million in sales revenue in 2012
More than 1,500 engineers and technicians
3,700 employees (2012)
21 locations worldwide
5. 5
Range of Products and Services
AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS
Surface finishing, body shell conveyor systems, final assembly lines
GENERAL FINISHING
Paint shops for metal parts, paint shops for plastic parts, paint shops for wooden parts, new materials
Pretreatment and coating systems, high-temperature technology, firing lines for ceramics, heat treatment, carbon
fiber ovens
PROCESS & HIGH TEMPERATURE TECHNOLOGY
CONVEYOR SYSTEMS
Electrified monorail systems, inverted electrified conveyors, Power & Free conveyors, peripheral conveyor
systems
SERVICE
Customer service, spare parts management, plant renewal, advisory services, full-service & BOT models
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
Exhaust air purification, waste water treatment, waste disposal, ammunition disposal, biogas plants
7. 7
Agenda
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
- Full steel rotary kiln, brick lined rotary kiln and the moving bed reactor
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
- TURAKTOR® technology, shuttle/chamber kiln and full steel rotary kiln
Overview of EISENMANN‘s references of thermal ammunition disposal
Conclusions and summary
8. 8
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Full steel rotary kiln incinerator: theoretical backgrounds
suitable for small caliber ammunition (l < 250mm, d < 50mm, m < 0,7 kg)
M input > 150 kg/h of ammunition
maximum 300 g TNT equivalent / single load
transportation through the kiln:
- spirally arranged flights
ideal retention time for complete destruction:
- variable flights pitch
- rotation speed
operation mode:
- co current / countercurrent
a) 3D drawing of a full steel rotary kiln
9. 9
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Full steel rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
location : Hottendorf, Germany
start of construction : 09/2009
commissioning : 08/2010
throughput : 150 kg/h
a) armor grenade
d) location of the facility
b) 30 mm grenade c) hand grenade
a, b, c) Input materials
10. 10
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Full steel rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) input materials (hand grenades)
b) beginning of the assemblage of the Hottendorf Facility
11. 11
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Full steel rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) assembling of the rotary kiln on the Hottendorf site
12. 12
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Full steel rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) view of the Hottendorf facility
13. 13
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Full steel rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) view of the Hottendorf facility
Rotary kiln
14. 14
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: theoretical backgrounds
suitable for non explosive ammunition (e.g. rocket propellant)
M input < 1 500 kg/h of propellant
transportation through the kiln:
- rotational movement
- inclination of the kiln
ideal retention time for complete destruction:
- rotation speed / inclination
operation mode:
- co-current
a) example of a bricklined rotary kiln
15. 15
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
location : Pavlograd, Ukraine
awarding : 05/2011
start of installation : 12/2011
turnover : 06/2012
a) location of the facility
16. 16
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
input : propellant and empty motor cases of
the SS-24 intercontinental rockets
throughput amount : 850 kg/h
c) example of an SS-24 rocket
a) propellant crumb with emulsion
before the thermal treatment
b) propellant crumb with emulsion
after the thermal treatment
17. 17
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) 3D drawing of the Pavlograd facility
18. 18
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) view of the building of the Pavlograd facility b) view of the rotary kiln of the Pavlograd facility
19. 19
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
b) view of the wet deslagger of the Pavlograd facilitya) view of the feeding area of the Pavlograd facility
20. 20
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
a) view of the waste water treatment unit of the Pavlograd facility b) screenshot control panel of the Pavlograd facility
21. 21
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Bricklined rotary kiln incinerator: practical example
b) burner unit of the Pavlograd facilitya) view of the rotary kiln and PCC of the Pavlograd facility
22. 22
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Moving bed reactor incinerator: theoretical backgrounds
designed for unexploded ordnances (UXOs)
maximum 5.1 kg TNT equivalent
transportation through the reactor:
- by gravity
- geometry of the reactor
operation mode:
- co-current
a) view of the moving bed reactor
23. 23
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Moving bed reactor incinerator: practical examples
First plant
location : Hottendorf, Germany
start of construction : 2001
commissioning : 2002
throughput : 2.4 kg TNTequivalent / UXO
Second plant
location : Hünxe, Germany
start of construction : 2009
commissioning : 2010
throughput: : 5.1 kg TNTequivalent / UXO
a) location of the facilities
24. 24
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Moving bed reactor incinerator: practical example
a) 105 mm grenade before
treatment
b) 105 mm grenade after treatment
25. 25
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Moving bed reactor incinerator: practical example Hottendorf
a) view of the Hottendorf facility in winter b) view of the Hottendorf facility in summer
26. 26
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Moving bed reactor incinerator: practical example Hünxe
a) view of the Hünxe facility b) view of the post combustion chamber
27. 27
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
Moving bed reactor incinerator: practical example Hünxe
a) view of the wet flue gas cleaning system b) view of the additive dosing
28. 28
Agenda
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
- Full steel rotary kiln, brick lined rotary kiln and the moving bed reactor
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
- TURAKTOR® technology, shuttle/chamber kiln and full steel rotary kiln
Overview of EISENMANN‘s references of thermal ammunition disposal
Conclusions and summary
29. 29
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor® technology: theoretical backgrounds
suitable for warfare agents in liquid phase and/or suspensions
due to the special injection design of the waste stream high turbulences are created:
- very good burn out properties
- uniform retention time
no post combustion chamber required
operation mode:
- co current
- counter current
a) example of a Turaktor® unit
30. 30
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 1
location : Kambarka, Russia
contract award : 2003
start of disposal : 2007
end of disposal : 2009
processed agent : Lewisit
total amount to be processed : ~ 6 000 tons
hourly throughput : 600 kg/h
a) location of the facility
31. 31
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 1
a) 3D drawing of the of the Kambarka complex
1
2
3
4
5
6
Turaktor
Quench
Centrifugal separator
Wet scrubber 1
Wet scrubber 2
Wet electrostatic precipitator
11
22
33
44
55
66
Turaktor
Quench
Centrifugal separator
Wet scrubber 1
Wet scrubber 2
Wet electrostatic precipitator
b) top view of the Kambarka installation
32. 32
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 1
a) 3D drawing of the of the waste water unit of the Kambarka complex
b) view of the waste water unit of the Kambarka complex
1. Waste water tanks
2. Reaction tanks
3. High performance sludge clarifier
4. Filter press
5. Gravel filter
6. Sludge thickener
7. Tanks for chemicals
8. Storage tanks
33. 33
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 1
a) view of the Kambarka complex
the plant was successfully operated for three years
in 2009 the total amount of chemical warfare agents in Kambarka were disposed
34. 34
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 2
location : Potschep, Russia
start of construction : 2007
commissioning : 2010
start of disposal : 2011
processed agents : - Vx ~ 4 850 tons
- Soman ~ 2 450 tons
- Sarin ~ 250 tons
total throughput amount : 7 450 tons
hourly throughput per line : 1 000 kg/h
number of lines : 2
a) location of the facility
35. 35
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 2
a) 3D drawing of the complex of the Potschep complex
1. Storage reaction masses
2. Incineration of the liquid
residuals of reaction masses
3. Roller hearth kiln for
solid residuals
4. Waste water treatment
plant
5. Vacuum plant
6. Social area
1
5
3
6
2
4
36. 36
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 2
a, b, c) view of the Potschep complex preinstalled at EISENMANN’s preassembly hall
37. 37
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 2
start of disposal operation for Vx in 2011
currently the plant is prepared for the disposal of the next chemical warfare agent Sarin
a) view of the Potschep complex
38. 38
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 3
location : Tirane, Albania
contract award : 2004
start of disposal : 2006
end of disposal : 2007
processed agents : the exhaust gas generated at the
shuttle/chamber kiln by treating:
- Sulfur Mustard ~ 13 700 kg
- Chloroacetophenone ~ 1 050 kg
- Lewisite ~ 920 kg
- Adamsite ~ 330 kg
a) location of the facility
39. 39
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 3
total amount to be processed : ~ 16 000 kg
throughput per charge : ~ 500 kg
type of the facility : semimobile
operation mode : batchwise
a) barrels with input material stored at the Albanian disposal
facility
40. 40
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 3
a) schematical flow sheet of the Albanian facility
41. 41
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The Turaktor technology: practical example nr. 3
a) treatment unit of the Albanian facility preinstalled at
EISENMANN’s preassembly hall
b) picture of the Albanian facility on site
42. 42
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The shuttle/chamber kiln technology: theoretical backgrounds
suitable for contaminated equipment and empty shells
batchwise and semi-batchwise operation is possible
post combustion chamber is required
flue gas cleaning system is required
a) example of a shuttle/chamber kiln
43. 43
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The shuttle/chamber kiln technology : practical example nr. 1
location : Potschep, Russia
start of construction : 2007
commissioning : 2010
start of disposal : 2011
input material : - empty shells from detoxification
- solid residues from detoxification
total throughput amount : 1 300 kg/batch
thermal performance : 3 000 kW
a) location of the facility
44. 44
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The shuttle/chamber kiln technology : practical example nr. 1
a) rockets to be disposed of in the shuttle kiln of the Potschep complex b) view into the shuttle kiln of the Potschep complex
45. 45
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The shuttle/chamber kiln technology : practical example nr. 2
location : Tirane, Albania
contract award : 2004
start of disposal : 2006
end of disposal : 2007
processed agents : - Sulfur Mustard ~ 13 700 kg
- Chloroacetophenone ~ 1 050 kg
- Lewisite ~ 920 kg
- Adamsite ~ 330 kg
total amount to be processed : ~ 16 000 kg
throughput per charge : ~ 500 kg
type of the facility : semimobile
operation mode : batchwise
a) location of the facility
46. 46
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The shuttle/chamber kiln technology : practical example nr. 2
a) view of the chamber kiln unit of the Albanian facility
47. 47
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The full steel rotary kiln technology: theoretical backgrounds
designed for As containing warfare agents with the purpose of As recovery
post combustion chamber is required
transportation through the kiln:
- through the inclination of the kiln
ideal retention time for complete destruction:
- rotation speed
operation mode:
- co-current
48. 48
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The full steel rotary kiln technology: practical example
location : Fukuoka, Japan
contract award : 2004
start of disposal : 2005
end of disposal : 2006
processed agents : grenades containing
- Lewisit
- Sulfur Mustard
- Dyphenyl Cyanoarsine
throughput amount : 30 kg/h
type of the facility : semimobile
a) location of the facility
49. 49
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The full steel rotary kiln technology: practical example
a) 3D drawing of the Fukuoka facility
50. 50
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The full steel rotary kiln technology: practical example
a) view of the full steel rotary kiln of the Fukuoka facility preassembled at EISENMANN’s assembly hall
51. 51
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
The full steel rotary kiln technology: practical example
a) view of the facility
b, c) loading the kiln d) view of the kiln
52. 52
Agenda
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
- Full steel rotary kiln, brick lined rotary kiln and the moving bed reactor
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
- TURAKTOR® technology, shuttle/chamber kiln and full steel rotary kiln
Overview of EISENMANN‘s references of thermal ammunition disposal
Conclusions and summary
53. 53
Overview of EISENMANN‘s references of thermal ammunition disposal
Fukuoka (I.a.)
Legend
I. – chemical warfare agents
II. – conventional ammunition
a. – semi -mobile facility
b. – stationary facility
EPC*
subcontractor*
engineering*
delivery of parts*
* -regarding exclusively the thermal
treatment facility
Gorny (I.b.)
Albania (I.a.)
Kambarka (I.b.)
Kizner (I.b.)
Potschep (I.b.)
Pavlograd (II.b.)
Leonidowka (I.b.)
Hünxe (II.b.)
Hottendorf (II.b.)
Möckern (I.a.)
Wulfen (I.b.)
Marokko (II.a.)
54. 54
Agenda
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction
Thermal disposal technologies for conventional ammunition
- Full steel rotary kiln, brick lined rotary kiln and the moving bed reactor
Thermal disposal technologies for chemical warfare agents
- TURAKTOR® technology, shuttle/chamber kiln and full steel rotary kiln
Overview of EISENMANN‘s references of thermal ammunition disposal
Conclusions and summary
55. 55
Conclusions and summary
EISENMANN has worldwide experience with the thermal disposal of both conventional and chemical
ammunition
EISENMANN offers the following technologies for the thermal disposal of conventional ammunition:
- full steel rotary kiln
- brick lined rotary kiln
- moving bad reactor
EISENMANN offers the following technologies for the thermal disposal of chemical ammunition:
- Turaktor®
- shuttle/chamber kiln
- full steel rotary kiln
EISENMANN offers state of the art technology, controlled disposal methods in accordance with the
environmental regulations
EISENMANN offers tailor suited solutions in accordance to clients requirements