The document provides an overview of SAP's Controlling module and its sub-modules. Controlling provides information for management decision making and integrates with other SAP modules. It includes sub-modules like cost element accounting, cost center accounting, internal orders, profit center accounting, product cost controlling, and profitability analysis. Cost center accounting is used for controlling overhead costs and assigns them to locations. Internal orders collect and control costs according to jobs. Profit center accounting evaluates profit/loss of independent organizational areas. Product cost controlling calculates manufacturing and service costs. Profitability analysis allocates costs and revenues to market segments.
If you are an Accounting professional looking for a career change, please look no further. We are going to recommend the best alternative career to leverage on your Accounting knowledge and start earning more than what you have been earning now in your profession.
Account-based COPA is also called a hybrid of general ledger and costing-based COPA. In Account based COPA, you can get a report that is reconciled and consistent with financial accounting. Sales, markeitng and product management details can be obtained from it.
AUC is Asset under construction where some assets are in construction phase and cost needs to
capture through internal order for the time being. Once asset is fully completed then cost would
be transferred to another cost object (E.g. Cost center, Order etc...) and settle with final asset.
E.g. XYZ Company constructing building for their office. While construction many expenses are
attached to it. Till the time it is created we cannot charge it in building account hence we need to
create AUC account where cost will be stored.
Assets under construction (AUC) are a special form of tangible assets. They are usually displayed
as a separate balance sheet item and therefore require a separate account determination and their
own asset classes. During the construction phase of an asset, all actual postings are assigned to the
AUC. Once the asset is completed, a transfer is made to the final fixed asset
If you are an Accounting professional looking for a career change, please look no further. We are going to recommend the best alternative career to leverage on your Accounting knowledge and start earning more than what you have been earning now in your profession.
Account-based COPA is also called a hybrid of general ledger and costing-based COPA. In Account based COPA, you can get a report that is reconciled and consistent with financial accounting. Sales, markeitng and product management details can be obtained from it.
AUC is Asset under construction where some assets are in construction phase and cost needs to
capture through internal order for the time being. Once asset is fully completed then cost would
be transferred to another cost object (E.g. Cost center, Order etc...) and settle with final asset.
E.g. XYZ Company constructing building for their office. While construction many expenses are
attached to it. Till the time it is created we cannot charge it in building account hence we need to
create AUC account where cost will be stored.
Assets under construction (AUC) are a special form of tangible assets. They are usually displayed
as a separate balance sheet item and therefore require a separate account determination and their
own asset classes. During the construction phase of an asset, all actual postings are assigned to the
AUC. Once the asset is completed, a transfer is made to the final fixed asset
COPA is one of the components of controlling modules of SAP which deals with reporting of profitability across various dimensions. CO-PA stands for controlling-profitability analysis which is commonly referred to as SAP-COPA. It enables you to evaluate your company’s profit or contribution margin by market segment or by strategic business unit (such as a sales organization or profit centre).
This presentation covers the basic modules of Financial accouting of SAP FICO module.This is for presentation purpose and doesn't serve as a full fledged presentation on SAP FI
Automatic Vendor payment advice notes by email with attachment when a payment is made via APP (Automatic payment program by using T-code F110 and email a sap script form as a PDF attachment along with the mail body in the desired language.
SAP FICO Overview, This Slide provides you the Basic Overview of SAP FICO ,Finance and Controlling module deals with the Financial Management of an Organisation. SAP Provides an ERP Solution to handle Accounts for Major Enterprises
SAP FICO Consultant is one of the SAP modules which is in-demand and recognized internationally. SAPALLOnlineTraining offers online SAP FICO Consultant training
A job oriented SAP FICO ONLINE TRAINING by real time domain experts with real time scenarios. Attend a free demo on SAP FICO COURSE to asses the quality of our training. Arrowsol Technologies provide both class room and online training.
SAP FICO General Ledger EndUser Training | www.sapdocs.infosapdocs. info
You can download this material from http://sapdocs.info/sap/fico/download-sap-general-ledger-accounting-enduser-training-ppt-material/
Get more SAP Materials from http://sapdocs.info/sap/
Lecture 3Introduction to SAP Controlling (CO)FIN419 .docxsmile790243
Lecture 3
Introduction to SAP Controlling (CO)
FIN419
Learning Objectives
Understand the goal of SAP Controlling (CO)
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of CCA
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of PCA
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of Internal orders
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of Product Costing
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of Profitability Analysis
Understand the integration of CO and FI
2
SAP Controlling (CO)
Goal
The purpose of the Controlling (CO) module in SAP is to provide organizations with a method of slicing and dicing data to view costs from an internal management perspective and provide a view of profitability beyond that of basic financial reporting.
Controlling allows an organization to plan and track overhead costs within the company's specific organizational structure.
Standard reports include:
Cost center performance
Profit center performance
Budget analysis
Goal
3
SAP Controlling (CO)
Organizational Structure
Client
An independent environment in the system
Company Code
Represents an independent legal accounting unit
Balanced set of books, as required by law, are prepared at this level
A client may have more than one company code
Controlling Area
The controlling area identifies a self-contained organizational structure for which costs and revenues can be managed and allocated.
May contain one or more company codes, which can operate in different currencies.
Company codes within a controlling area must all use the same operational chart of accounts and fiscal year variant
Represents the legal and/or organizational views of an enterprise and it forms a framework that supports the activities of a business in the manner desired by management
Org
SAP Controlling (CO)
Organizational Structure (Cont)
Operating Concern
It represents an organizational unit in your company for which the sales market data has a uniform structure (characteristics/dimensions)
It is the valuation level for profitability analysis (CO_PA)
Multiple controlling areas can be assigned to one operating concern
Plant
The plant represents a production unit and is the central organizational unit in Materials Management and Production Planning.
A plant is assigned to a company code.
Cost Center Hierarchy
It is a tree structure representing all the cost centers belonging to a controlling area from a controlling perspective
Profit Center Hierarchy
It is a tree structure representing all the profit centers belonging to a controlling area from a controlling perspective
Org
SAP Controlling (CO)
Controlling Area and Currencies
By assigning more than one company code to a controlling area you can perform cost accounting for all company codes
The controlling area and company codes can have different currencies
The currency of the controlling area can be the same as that for a company code or different from all the company codes assigned to the controll ...
COPA is one of the components of controlling modules of SAP which deals with reporting of profitability across various dimensions. CO-PA stands for controlling-profitability analysis which is commonly referred to as SAP-COPA. It enables you to evaluate your company’s profit or contribution margin by market segment or by strategic business unit (such as a sales organization or profit centre).
This presentation covers the basic modules of Financial accouting of SAP FICO module.This is for presentation purpose and doesn't serve as a full fledged presentation on SAP FI
Automatic Vendor payment advice notes by email with attachment when a payment is made via APP (Automatic payment program by using T-code F110 and email a sap script form as a PDF attachment along with the mail body in the desired language.
SAP FICO Overview, This Slide provides you the Basic Overview of SAP FICO ,Finance and Controlling module deals with the Financial Management of an Organisation. SAP Provides an ERP Solution to handle Accounts for Major Enterprises
SAP FICO Consultant is one of the SAP modules which is in-demand and recognized internationally. SAPALLOnlineTraining offers online SAP FICO Consultant training
A job oriented SAP FICO ONLINE TRAINING by real time domain experts with real time scenarios. Attend a free demo on SAP FICO COURSE to asses the quality of our training. Arrowsol Technologies provide both class room and online training.
SAP FICO General Ledger EndUser Training | www.sapdocs.infosapdocs. info
You can download this material from http://sapdocs.info/sap/fico/download-sap-general-ledger-accounting-enduser-training-ppt-material/
Get more SAP Materials from http://sapdocs.info/sap/
Lecture 3Introduction to SAP Controlling (CO)FIN419 .docxsmile790243
Lecture 3
Introduction to SAP Controlling (CO)
FIN419
Learning Objectives
Understand the goal of SAP Controlling (CO)
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of CCA
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of PCA
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of Internal orders
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of Product Costing
Understand the purpose, master data and reporting of Profitability Analysis
Understand the integration of CO and FI
2
SAP Controlling (CO)
Goal
The purpose of the Controlling (CO) module in SAP is to provide organizations with a method of slicing and dicing data to view costs from an internal management perspective and provide a view of profitability beyond that of basic financial reporting.
Controlling allows an organization to plan and track overhead costs within the company's specific organizational structure.
Standard reports include:
Cost center performance
Profit center performance
Budget analysis
Goal
3
SAP Controlling (CO)
Organizational Structure
Client
An independent environment in the system
Company Code
Represents an independent legal accounting unit
Balanced set of books, as required by law, are prepared at this level
A client may have more than one company code
Controlling Area
The controlling area identifies a self-contained organizational structure for which costs and revenues can be managed and allocated.
May contain one or more company codes, which can operate in different currencies.
Company codes within a controlling area must all use the same operational chart of accounts and fiscal year variant
Represents the legal and/or organizational views of an enterprise and it forms a framework that supports the activities of a business in the manner desired by management
Org
SAP Controlling (CO)
Organizational Structure (Cont)
Operating Concern
It represents an organizational unit in your company for which the sales market data has a uniform structure (characteristics/dimensions)
It is the valuation level for profitability analysis (CO_PA)
Multiple controlling areas can be assigned to one operating concern
Plant
The plant represents a production unit and is the central organizational unit in Materials Management and Production Planning.
A plant is assigned to a company code.
Cost Center Hierarchy
It is a tree structure representing all the cost centers belonging to a controlling area from a controlling perspective
Profit Center Hierarchy
It is a tree structure representing all the profit centers belonging to a controlling area from a controlling perspective
Org
SAP Controlling (CO)
Controlling Area and Currencies
By assigning more than one company code to a controlling area you can perform cost accounting for all company codes
The controlling area and company codes can have different currencies
The currency of the controlling area can be the same as that for a company code or different from all the company codes assigned to the controll ...
One of the things I enjoy most in process analysis is combining technologies. The idea is that deliverables generated by one technology, can be associated nicely with deliverables generated by other technologies. Such combinations reveal new magnificent insights about our processes, and opportunities for improving them.
The three technologies that I find extremely friendly and "opened minded" for such a challenge are: the BPM manager of Priority ERP, Disco - an Automatic Process Discovery tool, and QlikView -a business discovery tool.
The attached presentation includes practical examples to get you inspired. So, go ahead and give it a try!
Seven Finance Activities Every Manufacturing Company Needs3C Software
If you're in finance or accounting at a manufacturing company, then this guide is for you. To understand and explain your company's performance, here are the seven activities that must be part of your analytics process.
Becoming a Process Minding Organization - a Solution OverviewDafna Levy
While process mining is perceived by many as a very cool technology, yet companies are not willing to embrace it as warmly and quickly as expected. Managers still expect more convincing and significant added value. Another issue might be with offering process mining technology as somewhat detached solution and not taking into account BI solutions, which might already exist in a company.
The attached presentation proposes a solution which is based on an integration of ERP, BI and process mining technologies.
The technologies used enable a quick, easy and low cost “jumpstart” in order to increase ‘process minding’ in a company. Hope you find it useful!
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
3. SAP Controlling Module Benefits
Controlling provides you with information for
management decision-making.
Minimize cost Maximize Profit through
Actual/Plan Analysis.
Full Integration with other modules.
6. Cost Element Accounting (CO-OM-CEL)
Cost and Revenue Element Accounting
provides you with an overview of the costs
and revenues that occur in an organization.
Most of the values are moved automatically
from Financial Accounting to Controlling.
7. Cost Center Accounting (CO-OM-CCA)
You use Cost Center Accounting for
controlling purposes within your organization.
It is useful for a source-related assignment
of overhead costs to the location in which they
occurred.
8. Cost Center Accounting (CO-OM-CCA)
PlanningMaster
Data
Actual
Posting
Period End
Closing
Reporting
Planning
preparation
Cost Centre
Planning
Internal Order
Planning
Plan cost
distribution
Plan cost
assessment
Plan direct activity
allocation
Plan indirect
activity allocation
Plan settlement of
overhead cost
orders
Other planning
activities
Reposting
Actual Cost
distribution
Actual Cost
Assessment
Cost Splitting
Calculate Actual
Activity Prices
Settlement of
Overhead Orders
Manual Cost
Allocation
FICO
Reconciliation
Cost Element
Cost Centre
Activity Type
Resource
Statistical Key
Figures
Internal order
Groups
Manual entries
SKF entry
Direct activity
allocation
Indirect activity
allocation
Order budget
9. Internal Orders (CO-OM-OPA)
You use internal orders to collect and control
according to the job that incurred them. You
can assign budgets for these jobs, which the
system monitors, to ensure that they are not
exceeded.
10. Profit Center Accounting (EC-PCA)
Profit Center Accounting evaluates the profit
or loss of individual, independent areas within
an organization. These areas are responsible
for their costs and revenues.
11. Profit Center Accounting (EC-PCA) (Cont.)
Profit
Center
Profitability
Segment
Cost Center
Internal
Order
Material
Asset
Sales Order
12. Product Cost Controlling (CO-PC)
Product Cost Controlling calculates the costs
that occur during manufacture of a product, or
provision of a service. It enables you to
calculate the minimum price at which a
product can be profitably marketed.
14. Profitability Analysis (CO-PA)
Profitability Analysis analyzes the profit or
loss of an organization by individual market
segments. The system allocates the
corresponding costs to the revenues for each
market segment.
Products
Customers
Sales Districts (i.e. USA West,USA East, Egypt etc.)
Others
15. CO Sub-modules Overview
CO- Planning Methods
Plan data transfer Manual entry
Copy existing data
Excel-Upload
New Plan
Plan Allocation
Final Plan