El 12 de mayo de 2017 celebramos en la Fundación Ramó Areces una jornada con IS Global y Unitaid sobre enfermedades transmitidas por vectores, como la malaria, entre otras.
PANEL 3: Priority setting of chemicals – potential for harmonisation and synergies
Presentation: Tala R. Henry, Director, Risk Assessment Division, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Dr. Jeff Bender - One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Science and Practice - Wh...John Blue
One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Science and Practice - What are the Major Gaps in Knowledge or Translation? How Do We Find the Answers to What We Don't Know? - Dr. Kerry Keffaber, Chief Veterinarian, Scientific Affairs and Policy, Elanco Animal Health; Dr. Jeff Bender, Professor, Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota; Dr. Nora Schrag, Clinical Assistant Professor/Agricultural Practices, Kansas State University; Mr. Joe Swedberg, Chairman of the Board, Farm Foundation, Hormel Foods Corporation (retired); Dr. David G. White, Associate Dean for Research, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, from the 2017 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Antibiotic Stewardship: Collaborative Strategy for Animal Agriculture and Human Health, October 31 - November 2, 2017, Herndon, Virginia, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2017-niaa-antibiotic-symposium-antibiotic-stewardship
PANEL 3: Priority setting of chemicals – potential for harmonisation and synergies
Presentation: Michael Walls, Vice President – Regulatory and Technical Affairs, American Chemistry Council, US
Introduction to the SBRI Competition: Vaccines for Epidemic DiseasesKTN
On Tuesday 12th October 2021, KTN held the event, Introduction to the SBRI Competition: Vaccines for Epidemic Diseases, in partnership with Innovate UK. This event served as a call for applications for the opening of the new SBRI Competition - Vaccines for Epidemic Diseases: Readiness for clinical development and regulatory submission.
https://apply-for-innovation-funding.service.gov.uk/competition/1046/overview
HIV Index Testing: The USAID DISCOVER-Health Project Experience in Zambia JSI
This was presented by Kalasa Mwansa during the Index Testing & Partner Notification for HIV Epidemic Control webinar on April 11th, 2019. The USAID DISCOVER- Health Project Experience aims to increase the use of high quality, integrated health services in specific target groups, and to provide integrated health products and services in a sustainable manner. In addition, it aims to contribute to HIV epidemic control and provides HIV index testing at every ART site.
Update on local and national survivorship initiativesUCLPartners
Presentation by Gill Levitt of Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust at the London Cancer Children, Teenager and Young Adults Study Day, held on 25 July 2013.
PANEL 3: Priority setting of chemicals – potential for harmonisation and synergies
Presentation: Tala R. Henry, Director, Risk Assessment Division, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Dr. Jeff Bender - One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Science and Practice - Wh...John Blue
One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Science and Practice - What are the Major Gaps in Knowledge or Translation? How Do We Find the Answers to What We Don't Know? - Dr. Kerry Keffaber, Chief Veterinarian, Scientific Affairs and Policy, Elanco Animal Health; Dr. Jeff Bender, Professor, Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota; Dr. Nora Schrag, Clinical Assistant Professor/Agricultural Practices, Kansas State University; Mr. Joe Swedberg, Chairman of the Board, Farm Foundation, Hormel Foods Corporation (retired); Dr. David G. White, Associate Dean for Research, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, from the 2017 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Antibiotic Stewardship: Collaborative Strategy for Animal Agriculture and Human Health, October 31 - November 2, 2017, Herndon, Virginia, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2017-niaa-antibiotic-symposium-antibiotic-stewardship
PANEL 3: Priority setting of chemicals – potential for harmonisation and synergies
Presentation: Michael Walls, Vice President – Regulatory and Technical Affairs, American Chemistry Council, US
Introduction to the SBRI Competition: Vaccines for Epidemic DiseasesKTN
On Tuesday 12th October 2021, KTN held the event, Introduction to the SBRI Competition: Vaccines for Epidemic Diseases, in partnership with Innovate UK. This event served as a call for applications for the opening of the new SBRI Competition - Vaccines for Epidemic Diseases: Readiness for clinical development and regulatory submission.
https://apply-for-innovation-funding.service.gov.uk/competition/1046/overview
HIV Index Testing: The USAID DISCOVER-Health Project Experience in Zambia JSI
This was presented by Kalasa Mwansa during the Index Testing & Partner Notification for HIV Epidemic Control webinar on April 11th, 2019. The USAID DISCOVER- Health Project Experience aims to increase the use of high quality, integrated health services in specific target groups, and to provide integrated health products and services in a sustainable manner. In addition, it aims to contribute to HIV epidemic control and provides HIV index testing at every ART site.
Update on local and national survivorship initiativesUCLPartners
Presentation by Gill Levitt of Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust at the London Cancer Children, Teenager and Young Adults Study Day, held on 25 July 2013.
The Green Park Collaborative (GPC) has developed a new tool to help health care decision makers confidently and consistently use Real World Evidence (RWE) when making tough coverage and care choices. Called RWE Decoder, the spreadsheet-based assessment tool lets users review and evaluate all existing studies and evidence for both rigor and relevance. Informed by these factors, users can assess study quality, and generate a visual summary to help gauge the evidence under review.
Published RWE studies developed from data-rich electronic medical records or medical claims data are increasingly available from health care systems. However, the quality of this research can vary widely, and payers, clinicians and other health care decision makers often dismiss it out of hand. RWE Decoder and its associated user guide and framework, offer a thoughtful approach to helping these decision makers assess whether RWE studies address their questions and can appropriately guide their choices.
The tool, user guide, and supporting white paper are available here: https://goo.gl/AhbHUw
Improving the Quality of Care in General PracticeThe King's Fund
Dr Nick Goodwin, Project Director and Senior Fellow at The King's Fund, talks about the main findings from the independent Inquiry into the Quality of General Practice in England.
These slides were presented by Dr. Henry Nagai during JSI’s Index Testing & Partner Notification for HIV Epidemic Control webinar on April 11th, 2019. Dr. Nagai is currently the Project Director/Chief of Party for the JSI-implemented USAID Strengthening the Care Continuum project in Ghana with a focus on HIV and key populations. Using funding from USAID and PEPFAR, the Project is improving the capacity of the Government of Ghana and civil society partners to provide quality and comprehensive HIV services for key populations and people living with HIV.
The Open Data era in health and social care, pop up uni, 12.00, 3 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Working Toward Eradication (Hepatitis C/HIV Coinfection Presentation) - Alex ...Office of HIV Planning
At the October 2016 meeting of the Philadelphia Ryan White Part A Planning Council, Alex Shirreffs of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health discussed an ongoing project to improve the care continuum for HIV/HCV co-infected people of color.
Dr. Arjun Srinivasan - In-Patient Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) IssuesJohn Blue
In-Patient Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Issues - Dr. Arjun Srinivasan, Associate Director for Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention Programs, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from the 2015 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Stewardship: From Metrics to Management, November 3-5, 2015, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
More presentations at http://swinecast.com/2015-niaa-symposium-antibiotics-stewardship-from-metrics-to-management
Collecting the PEPFAR OVC MER Essential Survey Indicators: Frequently Asked Q...MEASURE Evaluation
Gretchen Bachman and Christine Fu (USAID); Lisa Parker, Jenifer Chapman, Lisa Marie Albert, Walter Obiero, and Susan Settergren from MEASURE Evaluation. January 2017 Webinar.
The Green Park Collaborative (GPC) has developed a new tool to help health care decision makers confidently and consistently use Real World Evidence (RWE) when making tough coverage and care choices. Called RWE Decoder, the spreadsheet-based assessment tool lets users review and evaluate all existing studies and evidence for both rigor and relevance. Informed by these factors, users can assess study quality, and generate a visual summary to help gauge the evidence under review.
Published RWE studies developed from data-rich electronic medical records or medical claims data are increasingly available from health care systems. However, the quality of this research can vary widely, and payers, clinicians and other health care decision makers often dismiss it out of hand. RWE Decoder and its associated user guide and framework, offer a thoughtful approach to helping these decision makers assess whether RWE studies address their questions and can appropriately guide their choices.
The tool, user guide, and supporting white paper are available here: https://goo.gl/AhbHUw
Improving the Quality of Care in General PracticeThe King's Fund
Dr Nick Goodwin, Project Director and Senior Fellow at The King's Fund, talks about the main findings from the independent Inquiry into the Quality of General Practice in England.
These slides were presented by Dr. Henry Nagai during JSI’s Index Testing & Partner Notification for HIV Epidemic Control webinar on April 11th, 2019. Dr. Nagai is currently the Project Director/Chief of Party for the JSI-implemented USAID Strengthening the Care Continuum project in Ghana with a focus on HIV and key populations. Using funding from USAID and PEPFAR, the Project is improving the capacity of the Government of Ghana and civil society partners to provide quality and comprehensive HIV services for key populations and people living with HIV.
The Open Data era in health and social care, pop up uni, 12.00, 3 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Working Toward Eradication (Hepatitis C/HIV Coinfection Presentation) - Alex ...Office of HIV Planning
At the October 2016 meeting of the Philadelphia Ryan White Part A Planning Council, Alex Shirreffs of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health discussed an ongoing project to improve the care continuum for HIV/HCV co-infected people of color.
Dr. Arjun Srinivasan - In-Patient Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) IssuesJohn Blue
In-Patient Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Issues - Dr. Arjun Srinivasan, Associate Director for Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention Programs, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from the 2015 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium - Stewardship: From Metrics to Management, November 3-5, 2015, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
More presentations at http://swinecast.com/2015-niaa-symposium-antibiotics-stewardship-from-metrics-to-management
Collecting the PEPFAR OVC MER Essential Survey Indicators: Frequently Asked Q...MEASURE Evaluation
Gretchen Bachman and Christine Fu (USAID); Lisa Parker, Jenifer Chapman, Lisa Marie Albert, Walter Obiero, and Susan Settergren from MEASURE Evaluation. January 2017 Webinar.
Il processo di innovazione in atto: dalle strategie di brevettazione al fundr...Sardegna Ricerche
L'intervento di Rachele Berria (Global Vice President Primary Care Medical Unit Sanofi) in occasione dell'evento "Il valore della ricerca biomedica" che si è tenuto a Pula (CA) il 3 aprile 2019.
09 CeoMeeting- Session 4- Medicines for MalariaMLSCF
Session 4: Health & Wellness
Title: The Changing Face Of Healthcare:
Where Are The Opportunities?
Special Speaker: Dr Chris Hentschel, Medicines for Malaria Venture
Ομιλία - Παρουσίαση: “The Value of Innovation to Patients & Health Systems”
Clare Hague PhD, Therapy Area Market Access Leader for Hematology, Janssen EMEA Region
UNDP Sustainable Health Procurement Policy and PracticeUN SPHS
On 27th March 2017, Dr. Rosemary Kumwenda, UNDP HIV, Health, and Development EECA Regional Team Leader and the SPHS Secretariat Coordinator, delivered a presentation about the work of SPHS Task Team, key procurement criteria developed, supplier engagement and approach to integrating sustainability into UN procurement.
COUNTDOWN on WHO 2020 Targets: Strengthening Health Systems Interventions for...COUNTDOWN on NTDs
This presentation was given by Professor Russell Stothard on 27th June 2019 during Nigeria's 1st International Scientific Conference on NTDs Control and Elimination in Nigeria
Sustainable Healthcare Procurement and Supply ChainUN SPHS
Ms. Lorea Coronado-Garcia, UNDP Sustainable Procurement Specialist, delivered on 23rd March 2017, a presentation at "Workshop on Biodegradable Packaging Materials for Health Commodities" how UNDP, in collaboration with technical experts and suppliers and manufacturers of health commodities, works to minimize the environmental impact of its health procurement. Flagship initiatives, tools, and venues of engagement are highlighted.
Why Precision Medicine and Personalized Healthcare and Why Now? Links to Canada’s Rare Disease Strategy The Future is Now
1) Marc LePage, Genome Canada
2) Michael Duong, Roche
3) Danica Stanimirovic, National Research Council
4) Daniel Gaudet, University of Montreal
5) Christine Dalgleish, Patient Perspective
6) Jamie Bruce, Khure Health
SPHS Webinar Series: Effective Communication for Innovation in Sustainable Pr...UN SPHS
The second SPHS webinar, Effective Communication for Innovation in Sustainable Procurement in the Health Sector was held on 7 December 2017.
This webinar presents concrete case studies and expert knowledge in applying sustainable environmental criteria/methods in public procurement in the health sector. Presenters speak to their experiences of communicating across teams of procurers, requisitioners, and suppliers to bring sustainable procurement to the health sector as well as promote transparency and accountability mechanisms in the procurement system.
Telehealth Failures & Secrets to Success Conference 2017 by VSee Speaker Series
Karyn DiGiorgio (University of California)
More info at: vsee.com/conference
Dr Seth Berkley presents a general update to the Gavi Board meeting in Geneva, reporting on key developments in the global landscape, previous Board decisions, strategic discussion topics and critical findings from partner and performance reviews of the Alliance.
Planetary health: Sustainable procurement in the health sectorUN SPHS
Mirjana Milic, UNDP Associate Coordinator, has delivered a presentation about UNDP's commitment to protect the planet from the negative impacts of the health sector at the "Regional Capacity-building Workshop on Biodiversity and Health for the WHO European Region" on 23-25 October 2017 in Helsinki, Finland.
Commercial considerations in early drug developmentSunil Ramkali
It is important in the drug development process that marketers and researchers collaborate early to ensure that products being developed are truly innovative and deliver brand value to the different end users in a way that the product and the subsequent brand messaging is relevant, compelling and differentiating compared to the competition. T
In the market place that is heavily cost constraint, innovation is no longer about a unique mode of action or a new formulation, but more about the incremental brand value offered by new pharmaceutical products over existing treatments (standard of care) and how much healthcare systems are prepared to pay for these incremental benefits. My lecture at the Department of Innovation, Lund University, Sweden explored the importance of R&D functions getter closer to external stakeholders to really understand their needs, how they define brand value and the importance of considering this early in the drug development process.
UNITAID's Brenda Waning Presentation at the UNITAID/UNAIDS/Medicines Patent Pool Side Event,
United Nations High Level Meeting on AIDS
New York
9 June, 2011
Jordi Torren - Coordinador del proyecto ESVAC. Agencia Europea de Medicamento...Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 5 de junio del 2018 organizamos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el consumo de antibióticos y transmisión de resistencia entre humanos y animales.
Dominique L. Monnet Director del programa ARHAI (Antimicrobial Resistance an...Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 5 de junio del 2018 organizamos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el consumo de antibióticos y transmisión de resistencia entre humanos y animales.
El jueves 24 de mayo del 2018 organizamos una Conferencia con Antonio Cabrales en la Fundación Ramón Areces. Una conferencia en la cual el tema fue: Estilo negociador y confianza, ¿hay diferencias entre hombres y mujeres?
Teresa Puig - Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Espa...Fundación Ramón Areces
El lunes y martes 21 y 22 de mayo del 2018 realizamos un Simposio Internacional en la Fundación Ramón Areces, tratando el tema de la superconductividad y presión: una relación fructífera en el camino hacia la superconductividad a temperatura ambiente.
Elena Bascones - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Es...Fundación Ramón Areces
El lunes y martes 21 y 22 de mayo del 2018 realizamos un Simposio Internacional en la Fundación Ramón Areces, tratando el tema de la superconductividad y presión: una relación fructífera en el camino hacia la superconductividad a temperatura ambiente.
El jueves 17 de mayo del 2018 se organizó una Mesa Redonda en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las subidas de tipos en la era Trump y la nueva globalización.
El jueves 17 de mayo del 2018 se organizó una Mesa Redonda en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las subidas de tipos en la era Trump y la nueva globalización.
El miércoles 16 de mayo del 2018 celebramos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las nuevas fronteras de investigación sobre la distribución comercial y el comportamiento del consumidor.
El miércoles 16 de mayo del 2018 celebramos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las nuevas fronteras de investigación sobre la distribución comercial y el comportamiento del consumidor.
Juan Carlos López-Gutiérrez - Unidad de Anomalías Vasculares, Hospital Unive...Fundación Ramón Areces
El jueves y viernes 10 y 11 de mayo del 2018 realizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un Simposio Internacional, en el cual se trató el tema del mosaicismo somático en malformaciones vasculares.
Víctor Martínez-Glez. - Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM). I...Fundación Ramón Areces
El jueves y viernes 10 y 11 de mayo del 2018 realizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un Simposio Internacional, en el cual se trató el tema del mosaicismo somático en malformaciones vasculares.
Rudolf Happle - Dermatología, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg...Fundación Ramón Areces
El jueves y viernes 10 y 11 de mayo del 2018 realizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un Simposio Internacional, en el cual se trató el tema del mosaicismo somático en malformaciones vasculares.
Rafael Doménech - Responsable de Análisis Macroeconómico, BBVA Research. Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
Nicholas Barr - Profesor de Economía Pública, London School of Economics. Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
El viernes 27 de abril del 2018 se celebró en la Fundación Ramón Areces una Jornada sobre física , en la cual se trataron diversos temas como: Los materiales mecanocalóricos, magnetísmo, biofísica, la energía oscura y instrumentación astronómica.
El viernes 20 de abril organizamos una Jornada sobre la ciencia en el corazón de Europa, en colaboración con Científicos Españoles en Bélgica (CEBE) y realizada en la Fundación Ramón Areces.
Marta Olivares - Investigadora Postdoctoral en Université catholique de Louva...Fundación Ramón Areces
El viernes 20 de abril organizamos una Jornada sobre la ciencia en el corazón de Europa, en colaboración con Científicos Españoles en Bélgica (CEBE) y realizada en la Fundación Ramón Areces.
El viernes 20 de abril organizamos una Jornada sobre la ciencia en el corazón de Europa, en colaboración con Científicos Españoles en Bélgica (CEBE) y realizada en la Fundación Ramón Areces.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
5. Maximize the effectiveness
of the global health response
better health products
catalyzing equitable access
Our mission
by to
6. Unitaid plays a role at 3 critical moments
Objectives Innovation ScalabilityAccess
Moment 2
Product is adopted
Moment 3
Product is scaled-up
Moment 1
Product is availableProductcoverage
Maximize the
effectiveness of the
global health
response...
... by catalyzing
equitable access...
... to better health
products
66
8. Underpinned by:
- Disease narratives
- Thematic narrative RMNCH
- Specific approaches
Unitaid’s Strategy 2017-2021
8
Approved by EB in Dec 2016
More integrated approach to health
HIV/AIDS (incl. co-infections), TB & malaria
12. Ex: Next Generation Indoor Residual Spray (NgenIRS)
IVCC
2016 – 2020
US$ 65.1
Improving affordability of new insecticides for
resistance management
Lead
Grantee
Grant
Period
Grant
Value
Grant
Impact
50m people, 16 African
countries
Target
Coverage
1212
14. Cross-
cutting
Unitaid Malaria Grant Portfolio
14
Project Grantee Grant value
ACCESS-SMC
Malaria
Consortium
US$ 67.4m
Global and National Quality Control For mRDTs FIND US$ 9.4m
Next Generation Indoor Residual Spray (NgenIRS) IVCC US$ 65.1m
ACTwatch 2 PSI US$ 2.8m
Preventive treatment in pregnant women JHPIEGO US$ 49.5m
Treatment of severe malaria CHAI US$ 19.1m
Supply side interventions MMV US$ 3.4m
Medicines Pre-Qualification WHO PQ US$ 33.7m
Diagnostics Pre-Qualification WHO PQ US$ 10.5m
RTS,S Pilot Implementation Programme WHO US$ 13.2m
Innovative vector control tools TBD TBD
Active
in
2017
Under
dev’t
Just
approved
Call for
Proposals
14
15. Call for Proposals
15
New-insecticide-based tools
and/or application methods
15
Call for Proposals for interventions aimed at accelerating
the availability of innovative vector control tools
Late stage product development:
• Large-scale field trials
• Market entry preparatory activities
New tools not based on
insecticides
17. Unitaid’s current Areas for Intervention
17
TB
Malaria
HCV
HIV
Scale-up of PrEP & linkage to test
Adult antiretroviral therapy improvement
Preventive treatment in pregnant women
Treatment of severe malaria
Innovative vector control tools
Simple, rapid diagnosis of HCV
Preventive TB treatment
Scale-up of better TB treatment in children
Better, shorter treatment for MDR TB
Call for
Proposals
17
Editor's Notes
UNITAID's clear positioning is as an organization that connects upstream innovation with the downstream response to the 3 diseases
If we start with the downstream, there are many partners involved in scaling up access to health products, including countries themselves. We recognize that there are partners that have a much bigger footprint for scale up, incl GF and PMI. UNITAID is not a scale up organization, we help scale up partners maximize the efficicency of the response by using innovation to do more with less.
On the same token. Many partners in the upstream that are working on innovation. that fund R&D, incl early stage. The list of partners is not exhaustive.
UNITAID's role is to act as a hinge between the uprstream and downstream.
Innovation reach the ppl who may need it the most
Feedback loop - that we are in touch with our partners procuring, delivering HPs, can flag particular needs of ppl living in LMICs and provide feed back to developers
CLICK We do this by identifiyng key barriers limiting innovations in medicines, devices and systems from reaching the global response for scale up. These can include barriers along the value chain. For example, adapted health products such as paediatric formulations may not be available on the market, or they may be too expensive for patients or country programs to use them. These products may be competing with suboptimal or poor quality alternatives, leading to low demand which further exacerbates high prices. We aim to resolve these barriers through targeted projects that we undertake with grantees.
The way we look at it is that our mission corresponds to 3 key moments in the product lifecycle.
CLICK Maximizing effectiveness of the GH response speaks to the moment at which a product is scaled up. This is the end goal for UTD – want to see a product avail, adopted and scaled up.
CLICK If we work backwards, in order to do this, need to have access issues resolved for product to be adopted. This corresponds to the moment at which we have product adoption.
CLICK Work backwards further, need to ensure that better health products are actually coming to the market.
CLICK Our mission statement corresponds to these 3 moments. UNITAID invests in moments 1 an 2, and creates the necessary conditions for moment 3. but we don not fund scale up directly.
These 3 moments therefore correspond to 3 strategic objs that underpin this mission: Innovation, Access and Scalability.
Specific approaches (e.g. approach
to IP)
Unitaid’s strategic framework positions Unitaid as a unique player in the global health response.
Mission: Maximize effectiveness of the global health response by catalysing equitable access to better health products
3 Strategic Objectives
4 Investment Commitments
Key elements of Unitaid’s operating model include: surveying and identifying areas of need in the global response; inviting and selecting potential ideas to help close gaps; developing grants; disbursing funds and implementing grants, including transitioning to other sources of funding.
6 key partners: Countries, civil society, technical partners, private sector, funding partners, implementing partners
Engaging with all the partners through the process allow Unitaid to: 1) anticipate and respond to country needs, 2) anticipate upstream innovation, 3) Ensure readiness to scale-up (incl. funding)
As an example of how UNITAID connects upstream and dowwnsteam – NGENIRS. We are now 1.5 years into this grant. This US $65.1m initiative with IVCC, US President’s Malaria Initiative, Abt Associates, PATH and the Global Fund is supporting countries to obtain new and effective IRS insecticides.
The project will make new products available at lower prices and facilitate the market introduction of new insecticides. Through this project, UNITAID and IVCC will catalyse the availability of alternative insecticides that have better efficacy and can support resistance management. Over four years, the project aims to protect as many as 50m people from malaria in 16 African countries.
The overall impact of the grant is to create a more sustainable market for next-generation IRS products. This should contribute to bringing back IRS to historical coverage levels, and mitigating resistance to key insecticides. Over the long term, this will help to prevent more malaria cases, thereby saving lives and averting treatment costs.
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In 2016 3GIRS procurement accounted for 40% of total IRS in project countries with approximately 6 million people in Ethiopia, Mali, Rwanda and Zambia protected against malaria. This resulted in about 60% more people protected than would be possible without co-payment;
A total of 678,569 bottles of Actellic®300CS (AC) delivered and IRS operations completed in year 1 countries, namely; Ethiopia, Mali, Rwanda and Zambia;
In 2017, in partnership with programs funded by the U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative and the Global Fund, NgenIRS is expected to protect approximately 19.8 million people in 12 countries, up from the current 14 million in 4 countries.
The project also aims to facilitate the introduction of 2-3 new insecticides into the market by 2020.
Project aims to address a series of related and reinforcing challenges: high price of new product limits uptake and market remains nascent. As market size is small price does not decrease due to lack of economies of scale. Price is also high due to poor forecasting (and last minute changes to orders) which increases supplier risk, and a lack of competition. Finally, countries motivation to purchase a higher- priced product is limited by a lack of robust data to show its impact and CE.
Summary of project interventions:
Commodity co-payment to enable or expand 3GIRS coverage, leveraging partner countries existing investment from PMI or GF to grow the marketplace for 3GIRS products by 5-10 fold.
The project will increase the capacity of countries to forecast demand more accurately and integrate into a global forecast.
forecast guarantee and use an underwriting fund to absorb the risks.
Increase the number of suppliers and variety of products with different active ingredients in 3GIRS formulations from 1 to 3.
Generate sustainable demand through implementation research to establish and disseminate evidence of impact and cost-effectiveness of 3GIRS products.
Negotiate reductions in price, reflecting this larger, more stable and more competitive market.
RTS, S not approved by Board yet – not a result of call for proposal
I am pleased to announce that today Unitaid is launching a new call for proposals for interventions aimed at accelerating the availability of innovative vector control tools.
Late stage product development
2 categories:
New insecticide-based tools (excl. new LLINs and new insecticides/equipment for IRS)
New tools not based on insecticides (e.g. biological control methods, endectocidal chemotherapeutic agents, pull-push systems)