Salman Rushdie, born in 1947 in Bombay, is a prominent author known for exploring themes of India's national identity, colonialism, and the complexities of migrant identity through his diverse writing styles, including magic realism. His controversial novel 'The Satanic Verses' led to international backlash and a fatwa calling for his execution, while his later work 'Haroun and the Sea of Stories' reflects the significance of storytelling. Rushdie advocates for a modern interpretation of Islam and challenges traditional views to promote open-mindedness and tolerance.