This document discusses the parts of a sail ship, types of sails used in Columbus' time, and how to sail in different wind conditions. It notes that Columbus faced difficulties sailing with square sails and no keel. However, Columbus was fortunate that the trade winds allowed him to reach America despite the challenges of sailing technology in his era. The document ends with a student recounting their school trip on a sailboat.

2. 1. Parts of the sail ship and types of sail.
2. Directions, sailing upwind.
3. Columbus time and actuality.

3. ● There are some several main parts of the sail
ship, here are them:

5. ● Normally, the sails are triangular, but, in
Columbus time, sailors used square sails:

6. 3
● We need to know the direction of the wind to
sail.
2
4
5
6

7. 1. Upward: sail in front of the wind
2. “Decuartelar”: sail near the wind.
3.Traverse: sail bringing the wind on one side.
4. Long sail: sailing turning away wind.
5. Sail with the fin: sail with the wind coming
from one side of the stern.
6. Downwind: sail with the wind coming in front
of the stern.

8. ● If the wind come from the bow, you can't sail,
because it drag the boat back, and you need to
do this:

10. ● One of the important things that we need to
know is that Columbus didn't use keel, so in this
times the sailing was too difficult:

11. ● Columbus didn't have a direction and the sails
in this time were square sails, so the sailing
were more dificult than now.
● But... Columbus was lucky and he got to
America by trade winds:

13. ● I loved this school trip but the wind was
strange, wind seemed to be enough, but it
wasn't. The teacher of the course explained us
all really good, and I understood it well.
It was a little bit boring because we couldn't do
anything, but with the friends in the boat, I had
a really good time.

14. By: Natalia Cubero Tapia
2º ESO B