This document discusses microirrigation systems for landscaping. There are four main types of microirrigation systems - micro-sprayers, micro-bubblers, drippers, and drip tubing. Microirrigation systems conserve water by applying small amounts directly to plant roots, lowering evaporation. They are simple to install, maintain, and adjust for plant growth. While initial costs are higher than traditional sprinklers, microirrigation saves water and is recommended for landscape beds.
“Agriculture in Florida” by David Royal at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
“Agriculture in Florida” by David Royal at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
1. Hillsborough County Extension
5339 S County Road 579
Seffner, FL 33584
(813) 744-5519
Website: http://hillsborough.extension.ufl.edu
FACT SHEET: Microirrigation
LYNN BARBER, B.A., FLORIDA YARDS & NEIGHBORHOODS AGENT
Microirrigation conserves water in the landscape and easily connects to an outdoor spigot/hose
bib. This system provides small amounts of water directly to the root zone of landscape plants.
There are 4 types of microirrigation: micro-sprayers, micro-bubblers, drippers and drip tubing.
4 Types of Microirrigation
Micro-S prayers Micro-Bubblers
Drippers Drip Tubing
Micro-sprayers/sprinklers have interchangeable emitters that can produce up to 25 gph. This
type sprayer is installed on a stake, wetting foliage and a larger surface area of 4-6 feet. It is easy
to see if the sprayer is working properly.
Micro-bubblers are installed on short stakes, have solid spray or rays in 180 or 360 degree
patterns, an adjustable flow up to 25 gph, are used to establish and maintain larger plants, and
have less evaporation than micro-sprayers/sprinklers.
Drippers come in sizes from 0.5 to 24 gph, apply water directly to the soil resulting in minimal
evaporation, attach to a distribution tube or spaghetti tubing and are used for widely spaced plants
or containers.
Drip tubing contains factory installed emitters inside the tubing that are pressure compensating,
with a flow rate of 0.9 gph per foot and has fewer parts/pieces than other types of microirrigation.
Hillsborough County Extension is a cooperative service of Hillsborough County Board of County Commissioners and the University of Florida. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal
Employment Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age,
disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M., University Cooperative
Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating.
2. Hillsborough County Extension
5339 S County Road 579
Seffner, FL 33584
(813) 744-5519
Website: http://hillsborough.extension.ufl.edu
Maintenance on microirrigation systems includes checking plants for over- or under-watering,
inspecting and cleaning filters, flushing out the main poly line at least once a year and making sure
plants have adequate numbers of emitters for their root size. Adjust spray patterns as plants grow.
A monthly walk through your landscape beds will allow you to make adjustments or repairs as
needed that could be due to lawnmowers, weed eaters or garden critters such as armadillos
leveling spray stakes.
The advantages of using a microirrigation system include:
Water is applied in gallons per hour (gph) vs. gallons per minute (gpm) from an in-ground
irrigation system
Evaporation and erosion are decreased
Design, installation and use are simple
Products are interchangeable among vendors
Used as “nurse system” for new plantings
The disadvantages of and solutions for using a microirrigation system include:
• Difficulty in detecting problems – don’t bury drip tubing under mulch
• Easy to over-irrigate -- use a timer!
• Emitter clogs if poor water quality – if clogged, soak emitter in vinegar/water solution
• Initial cost of set-up – attend a water-wise workshop (one time only) and receive a free
microirrigation starter kit
If you have an in-ground irrigation system, you can retrofit that system to microirrigation for your
landscape beds. Microirrigation cannot be used on turfgrass. Please refer to our Fact Sheet on
Retrofitting an In-ground Irrigation System.
Hillsborough County Extension is a cooperative service of Hillsborough County Board of County Commissioners and the University of Florida. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal
Employment Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age,
disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M., University Cooperative
Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating.
