Russia and the Caucasus in the 19th Century

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This PowerPoint presents the Caucasus in the 19th century and serves as an introduction to Lermontov's Hero of Our Time and Russian artists attracted by the Caucasus.

Mikhail Lermontov Pyotr Zabolotsky, 1837

Lermontov as a Child Unknown Painter, c. 1820

Lord Byron in Albanian Dress Thomas Philips, 1835

Circassian Man Francis Millet, 19th Century

Circassian Woman Francis Millet, 19th Century

The Fountain of Bakhchisarai Karl Briullov, 1849

Circassian Woman in the Harem Felix Clément, 1860s

Veiled Circassian Beauty Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1876

Circassian Woman Frederick Bridgman, 1881

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Maurice Quentin de la Tour, 1753

In the Caucasus Mountains Lev Lagorio, 1870

Mountaineers Leaving the Aul as Russian Troops Arrive Pyotr Gruzinsky, 1872

Darial Canyon (Georgia) Arkhip Kuindji, 1885

Horsemen of the Caucasus Franz Roubaud, 1894

Scene from the Caucasus Franz Roubaud, 1890s

Caucasian Range from the Sea Ivan Aivazovsky, 1894

Mt. Kazbek, Georgia Vasily Vereshchagin, 1898

Mt. Elbrus in the Evening (Georgia) Arkhip Kuindji, 1908

Glaciers of the Caucasus Igor Panov, 1999

Ravine in the Caucasus Alexei Popov, 2004

Evening in the Caucasus Alexei Popov, 2004

Georgian Military Road Near Mt. Kuzbek, 1890s

View of Pyatigorsk (Northern Caucasus), 1837

The Mountain of the Cross Near Kobi , 1837

Darial Canyon with the Castle of Princess Tamara , 1837

A Skirmish in the Mountains of Daghestan , c. 1841

Georgian Military Road Near Mt. Shets with a Saklia , c. 1841

Photographs by Sergei Prokudin-Gorsky, 1909-12

Filmul color nu exista in 1909 in Rusia, dar un fotograf si chimist rus, Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii a realizat sute de fotografii ale zonei sale de origine. Fotografiile erau in alb - negru, dar el a dezvoltat o tehnica ingenioasa care ii permitea sa reproduca imaginile in culorile reale. A realizat asta cu o camera de fotografiat inteligenta, creata de el insusi, care facea trei fotografii negre apoi alte trei albe in secvente rapide, iar printr-un filtru special iesea o singura fotografie in diferite culori. Fotografia continea trei imagini diferite in trei culori, produsul final fiind o fotografie in culori clare. Sergei a reusit sa foloseasca un proiector cu care putea vedea pe un ecran toate cele trei imagini care se suprapuneau pina la culoarea finala. Recombinarile din proiector ajungeau pina la culoarea originala a imaginii fotografiate. Fiecare serie de cite trei imagini stoca toate informatiile color in fotografii alb si negru, tot ce le lipsea era culoarea, care era data de filtrele color aflate in interiorul proiectorului. Tarul Nicolae al II-lea a suportat, intru totul, planul ambitios al lui Sergei in realizarea unui documentar despre imperiul rusesc si a pus la dispozitie un tren special echipat si prevazut cu o camera pentru developat. Astfel, Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii, a realizat sute de fotografii color peste tot in Rusia intre 1909-1915. Intreaga sa colectie, poate fi vazuta la Biblioteca Congresului din SUA, americanii fiind cei care au achizitionat negativele sale de sticla in 1948, la 4 ani dupa moartea sa. Text preluat de pe National Geographic

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Produdin-Gorskii Russian Empire Photographs Photographer Sergei Mikhailovich Produdin-Gorskii (1863-1944) undertook a photographic survey of the Russian Empire with the support of Tsar Nicholas II. He used a specialized camera to capture three black and white images in fairly quick succession and then using red, green and blue filters recombined the images to produce color photos that were ahead of their time. The high quality of Gorskii’s pics makes it difficult for viewers to believe that they are looking 100 years back in time. The Russian empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution in 1917. It was the second largest contiguous empire in world history, surpassed only by the Mongol Empire, the third largest empire the British Empire. At one point in 1866, it stretched from eastern Europe, across Asia, and into North America. By the end of the 19th century the size of the empire was about (8,600,000 sq. MI.) or almost 1/6 of the earth’s land mass. Early Color PhotographsThese are all stunning photos. Quite amazing! No computer, no Photo Shop, no Print Shop, no color film. Interesting photos taken by Russian photographer in late 1800's and early 1900's taken in several countries in color. He used a three plate camera with black and white film, each film exposed through either a red, green or blue filter, then he printed each film on a single piece of special, color paper through the complementary filters of cyan, magenta and yellow, creating a color image on the paper. A VERY tedious process that produces a color image that will last centuries and the B&W negatives also will last that long for reprinting.

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