Running head: FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG YOUTHS IN KLANG VALLEY 1
FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG YOUTHS IN KLANG VALLEY 17
Importance of Financial Literacy Among Youths in Klang Valley
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Introduction
Money is an essential element in everyday life. Learning how to earn, manage and grow finances is thus crucial for achieving success, freedom and independence in life. Yet, a big percentage of the youths do not have financial education by the time they leave school and start working. According to the MonsterTrak, 57% of the college students are planning to move back in with their parents due to financial difficulties. Similarly, The Student Monitor has indicated 62% of the graduates leave school with an average $27,236 in student debt due to lack of financial literacy. Another study by the National Foundation for Credit Counseling has indicated 39% of the adults living in America have zero non-retirement savings. The shocking statistics indicate the lack of financial literacy among youths.
Globally, financial literacy has remained a huge problem. A S&P Global FinLit Survey only 71% of the people living in Norway, Denmark and Sweden. At the bottom of the rank is Yemen, which has only 13% of its citizens as financially literate. In Malaysia, the World Bank survey found only 36% of its citizens are financially literate. Therefore, the statistics indicate a big gap in the society since a huge number of people have little knowledge on financial literacy. A huge percent of the youths, lack formal or informal guidance on financial matters. According to a global study, less than 18% of the youths at the age of 15 receive financial skills. The fundamental financial skills the youths do not receive include making a budget, comparing prices when shopping and understanding or making an invoice.
A report on the performance of the youths who were subjected to financial literacy exam indicate 48% were correct. Another study was carried in 2008 by the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth shows less than 27% of the youths understand concepts such as inflation. Another set of less than 27% can calculate interest rate. The statistics indicate the youths are in dire need of financial knowledge. When they are in school, they rarely receive the fundamental skills on money. Moreover, back at home, the parents care less on teaching their children how to understand finances. The children tend to grow up thinking an age will come when they will understand all the financial concepts. Since they continue handling money or start earning at a young age, youths express lack of financial skills due to the mismanagement of money.
In Malaysia, financial illiteracy is severe among the low-income individuals. The people who earn less money rarely invest in getting the right financial information. The youths in Malaysia who have little income thus end up as victims of increasing debt, high-interest loans and scams. If the pe ...
There are 80 million millennials in America alone and they represent about a fourth of the entire population. They
owe a lot but know too little about finance.
The document argues that high schools must nationally require financial literacy courses for graduation. It provides several reasons why financial literacy is important: American teenagers are financially illiterate and struggle with money management; only 30% of states currently require financial literacy courses; and students in the US score below average in financial literacy compared to other developed countries. Requiring financial literacy courses would help students develop essential skills for success by teaching them how to handle everyday financial tasks and decisions. While financial literacy may not directly lead to financial success, it does influence positive financial behaviors that can help students achieve goals and adapt to financial challenges over their lifetime. National requirements would help address the growing problem of financial illiteracy among young Americans.
This document discusses a study on the financial literacy of undergraduate students in Ayodhya District, India. The study had the following key objectives: 1) To assess the level of financial literacy among undergraduates, 2) To analyze how demographic factors like gender and education impact financial literacy, and 3) To determine respondents' financial attitudes and behaviors.
The study surveyed 100 undergraduate students aged 18-30 years using a questionnaire. It found that gender, age, and household income had no significant impact on financial literacy. However, the discipline of study and parents' occupation did significantly impact financial literacy. The study concluded more attention needs to be paid to improving financial literacy across all university disciplines. It recommended including financial literacy courses,
Financial literacy is important for making good financial decisions. However, surveys show that Indians have low levels of financial literacy, especially in areas of money management, financial planning, and investments. There are several reasons for this, including a lack of household budgets, limited discussions about finances within families, and low overall understanding of basic financial concepts. To address this issue, the document discusses establishing an NGO called "Sanchayan" to provide financial literacy programs focused on women, youth, and college students to help improve financial inclusion and decision-making.
impact of packaging on consumer buying behaviour project report pdf.pdfSanjivanisShirodkar
The document discusses financial literacy among college students in Mumbai, India. It begins with an introduction on the importance of financial inclusion and literacy for economic development. It then reviews literature showing generally low financial literacy globally and several factors influencing it, such as age, education, and family. The study aims to determine students' financial knowledge, money management skills, and goals to suggest literacy measures. A survey of 100 Mumbai students aged 18-23 assessed their money sources, savings habits, and attitudes. Results found most received allowances and gifts, nearly half saved 10-20% of money, and few had longer-term investment goals. The study aims to increase financial awareness among students.
To find out parents’ behavior toward financial training course for children, the sample size of 203
parents are interviewed and analyzed. Based on factor analysis with Cronbach’s Alpha test, there are eight key
factors found, such as: (i)Opinion about necessary of life skills/financial management skill;(ii)Characteristics of
children/Passive children; (iii)Self evaluation about family financial management;
Determinants of financial literacy levels among employees of kenya ports auth...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examines the determinants of financial literacy levels among employees of Kenya Ports Authority in Kenya. The study found that overall financial literacy levels among employees were low. Financial literacy was affected by gender, age, education levels, wealth factors, and sources of financial information and advice. However, it was not affected by occupation status, occupation type, or personal income. The study recommends that employers and policymakers develop strategies to increase financial literacy, such as providing reliable sources of financial advice.
Affluent Millennials are reshaping the finance industry through their optimistic and progressive views. They are confident in economic growth, believe their current decisions will lead to future success, and have ambitious goals. Affluent Millennials are independent decision-makers who conduct their own research but also value guidance from advisors. They are loyal customers but open to switching for better options. Social media is central to Affluent Millennials' decisions, and they seek educational content on financial topics through social networks. Financial institutions should leverage social media to engage Affluent Millennials, provide relevant content to build trust and long-term relationships with this influential group.
There are 80 million millennials in America alone and they represent about a fourth of the entire population. They
owe a lot but know too little about finance.
The document argues that high schools must nationally require financial literacy courses for graduation. It provides several reasons why financial literacy is important: American teenagers are financially illiterate and struggle with money management; only 30% of states currently require financial literacy courses; and students in the US score below average in financial literacy compared to other developed countries. Requiring financial literacy courses would help students develop essential skills for success by teaching them how to handle everyday financial tasks and decisions. While financial literacy may not directly lead to financial success, it does influence positive financial behaviors that can help students achieve goals and adapt to financial challenges over their lifetime. National requirements would help address the growing problem of financial illiteracy among young Americans.
This document discusses a study on the financial literacy of undergraduate students in Ayodhya District, India. The study had the following key objectives: 1) To assess the level of financial literacy among undergraduates, 2) To analyze how demographic factors like gender and education impact financial literacy, and 3) To determine respondents' financial attitudes and behaviors.
The study surveyed 100 undergraduate students aged 18-30 years using a questionnaire. It found that gender, age, and household income had no significant impact on financial literacy. However, the discipline of study and parents' occupation did significantly impact financial literacy. The study concluded more attention needs to be paid to improving financial literacy across all university disciplines. It recommended including financial literacy courses,
Financial literacy is important for making good financial decisions. However, surveys show that Indians have low levels of financial literacy, especially in areas of money management, financial planning, and investments. There are several reasons for this, including a lack of household budgets, limited discussions about finances within families, and low overall understanding of basic financial concepts. To address this issue, the document discusses establishing an NGO called "Sanchayan" to provide financial literacy programs focused on women, youth, and college students to help improve financial inclusion and decision-making.
impact of packaging on consumer buying behaviour project report pdf.pdfSanjivanisShirodkar
The document discusses financial literacy among college students in Mumbai, India. It begins with an introduction on the importance of financial inclusion and literacy for economic development. It then reviews literature showing generally low financial literacy globally and several factors influencing it, such as age, education, and family. The study aims to determine students' financial knowledge, money management skills, and goals to suggest literacy measures. A survey of 100 Mumbai students aged 18-23 assessed their money sources, savings habits, and attitudes. Results found most received allowances and gifts, nearly half saved 10-20% of money, and few had longer-term investment goals. The study aims to increase financial awareness among students.
To find out parents’ behavior toward financial training course for children, the sample size of 203
parents are interviewed and analyzed. Based on factor analysis with Cronbach’s Alpha test, there are eight key
factors found, such as: (i)Opinion about necessary of life skills/financial management skill;(ii)Characteristics of
children/Passive children; (iii)Self evaluation about family financial management;
Determinants of financial literacy levels among employees of kenya ports auth...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examines the determinants of financial literacy levels among employees of Kenya Ports Authority in Kenya. The study found that overall financial literacy levels among employees were low. Financial literacy was affected by gender, age, education levels, wealth factors, and sources of financial information and advice. However, it was not affected by occupation status, occupation type, or personal income. The study recommends that employers and policymakers develop strategies to increase financial literacy, such as providing reliable sources of financial advice.
Affluent Millennials are reshaping the finance industry through their optimistic and progressive views. They are confident in economic growth, believe their current decisions will lead to future success, and have ambitious goals. Affluent Millennials are independent decision-makers who conduct their own research but also value guidance from advisors. They are loyal customers but open to switching for better options. Social media is central to Affluent Millennials' decisions, and they seek educational content on financial topics through social networks. Financial institutions should leverage social media to engage Affluent Millennials, provide relevant content to build trust and long-term relationships with this influential group.
Students mismanaging money could see universities losing up to 1 in every 10 students every year.
It will come as no surprise to you, to hear us say that, we think upskilling students and getting them more financially savvy is key.
We are on a mission – to upskill people for the 21st century through better money management, employability and enterprise training.
Ask us how!
Financial literacy is one of the biggest problems facing government employees, especially teachers. Based on the Salary Standardization Law 1, public teachers have better compensation than any other government employees, considering their basic salary and all of the benefits. However, teachers were financially challenged in understanding and managing their own finances. Therefore, the study focused on the level of financial literacy, financial perspectives, and financial practices of the public junior high school teachers who are permanent for at least two years in their respective schools in the urban municipalities (Bayombong, Bambang, and Solano) of Nueva Vizcaya. Moreover, the concept of the study was drawn from the theories of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, areas of personal finance, financial literacy identifiers and core competencies, top-down processing theory, and behavioral finance. In addition, the study used a descriptive-inferential research design, and data were analyzed using several statistical tools. The result of the study showed that public secondary teachers have a high level of financial literacy and financial perspectives. But this is in contrast to the level of financial practices, which yield a low result. Based on the result of the study, the researchers recommend a personal finance model for improving the level of financial literacy and the perspectives and practices of public secondary teachers.
This document discusses financial education and culture in Latin America and its impact on quality of life in Colombia. It aims to identify factors that influence financial culture and how they affect Colombians' standard of living.
The study used a mixed methodology approach including surveys of 100 economically active people with financial products. It found that while 60% had not received financial training, 89% had good financial culture through formal or informal practices like savings and investment.
The conclusion is that education level has a direct relationship with financial culture - higher education means more knowledge of personal finance, reflected in better use of financial products and ability to make investment decisions that improve income levels.
Here are The Role of Finance Education: 1. Early Education 2. Lifelong Learning 3. Accessibility and Inclusivity 4. Technology and Innovation 5. Policy Support
Critical Financial Literacy and Public PolicyNicole Newman
We will share info and resources about the ItAG sessions and continuing actions to build a curriculum that brings a critical approach to teaching financial literacy. We will not use comparison methods as a means of measurement. We will use language that empowers rather than destroys. We will use multiple meausrement tools for wealth.
Millennials lack important life and financial skills due to deficiencies in education systems. While families are the primary source of advice, many millennials still struggle with basic financial tasks like managing expenses, building credit, and budgeting for student loans. However, they are optimistic and want guidance on bigger topics like saving for retirement and education. Banks have an opportunity to provide relevant advice and establish trust by understanding millennial needs, supporting financial education, and communicating through relatable online resources.
The document discusses findings from a survey of Millennials and Gen Xers in Australia regarding their financial behaviors and expectations. Some key findings about affluent Millennials include:
- They have a progressive view of the future financial industry and are confident about their own financial success due to decisions made now.
- They prefer to conduct their own research but also value validation from financial advisors.
- They are loyal customers of financial institutions they trust but are also open to offerings from non-financial brands.
- Social media plays a central role in their financial decisions and they demand a deeper connection with financial services providers.
Operation KEYS provides financial literacy and entrepreneurship education resources to help at-risk youth. Their curriculum teaches money management, business, and leadership skills through hands-on lessons and activities. This aims to increase students' economic literacy, self-esteem, and academic performance while reducing risky behaviors. Operation KEYS also seeks mentors to support students and offers multi-week programs on topics like money skills, entrepreneurship, and management training to inspire and prepare youth for future success.
Banking a New Generation - Youth BankingDaniel Emeka
The document discusses the importance of banking children and youth to empower them to become productive economic citizens. It notes that children and youth are future economic actors and providing them financial competencies and prosperity has meaningful impacts. The document then defines different age groups of children/youth and their varying financial independence, needs, and circumstances. It emphasizes the need for financial education tailored for each group. The document also discusses marketing strategies for engaging children/youth, including relationship marketing through social networks and influencers. It proposes using promotional mascots and materials to introduce a new banking product for children/youth focused on friendship and teamwork.
The document discusses financial literacy among teens. It finds that most teens have not been taught basic financial concepts like balancing a checkbook or the costs of living independently. While teens say they want their parents to teach them about finances, few parents actually discuss family finances with their children. The document recommends that parents, educators, and financial professionals make financial literacy a priority and work together to educate teens on essential financial topics. This could help prepare teens for independent adulthood and benefit society.
Financial Literacy Program | Obtain Financial Independence - GuardianWealthguardianwealth
Do you know GuardianWealth’s financial literacy program provides you with the financial knowledge that helps you to make successful decisions? Want to know how then visit our website and join our financial literacy awareness program. https://guardianwealth.app/financial-literacy-program/
These slides were presented in one of Kolega's event, Ruang Temu 2. It contains facts about millennials according to their spending, problems that millenials might encounter in managing their financial, and also solutions that might help them.
This document discusses a youth venture capital loan scheme in Uganda aimed at increasing access to finance for young agro-entrepreneurs. It provides background on the scheme and its establishment through a public-private partnership. Centenary Bank is highlighted as a major participant that benefits from expanding access to financial services and increasing its market share. Eligibility criteria for loans target youth with business ventures. Performance data shows over $13 million disbursed to over 8,000 beneficiaries in sectors like agriculture, trade and services. Challenges include a lack of additional funds and entrepreneurship skills, though partnerships and new products are suggested as part of the way forward.
Sanchayan Society is a non-profit organization dedicated to financial literacy in India. It was founded to address the lack of financial education in India and help individuals make informed financial decisions. The organization's MoneyMatters program aims to educate youth, women, and underprivileged groups about basic banking, investments, insurance, and more through workshops across cities in India. The document provides details on the genesis of Sanchayan Society, its mission and vision, the MoneyMatters program, impact and feedback.
Sun Life pioneers study on financial literacy
The Filipinos are an optimistic race. Amidst the recent stock market dip, there is
widespread confidence about the country’s economic outlook. But are Filipinos prepared
to face fluctuations and seize opportunities? Are they ready for the Brighter Life?
For the past five years, Sun Life has been conducting a nationwide Study of Lifestyles,
Attitudes and Relationships (SOLAR) to gain insights on the public’s attitudes and
behavior toward financial matters. This research has been instrumental in helping Sun Life
pursue its thrust to raise financial literacy among Filipinos.
(C) 2013 Sun Life Financial Philippines
Women and Financial Education Evidence SummaryDr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes a report on women and financial education published by the OECD in 2013. It finds that women often have less financial knowledge and access to financial products than men, and face more vulnerabilities. Some countries have implemented financial education programs targeting women to help improve their financial empowerment and inclusion. The report analyzes gender differences in financial literacy based on OECD surveys, identifies barriers women face, and provides case studies of financial education programs for women. It aims to provide guidance to policymakers on addressing the financial education needs of women and girls.
Case Study 1 Applying Theory to PracticeSocial scientists hav.docxcowinhelen
Case Study 1: Applying Theory to Practice
Social scientists have proposed a number of theories to explain juvenile delinquency. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. For this assignment, go to the following Website, located at http://listverse.com/2011/05/14/top-10-young-killers/ and select one of the juvenile case studies.
After reading the case, select one (1) of the psychological theories discussed in Chapter 4 of the text.
Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
1. Summarize three (3) key aspects of the juvenile case study that you selected.
2. Highlight at least three (3) factors that you believe are important for one to understand the origins of the juvenile’s delinquent behavior.
3. Apply at least two (2) concepts from the theory that you chose from the text that would help explain the juvenile’s behavior.
4. Identify one (1) appropriate strategy geared toward preventing delinquency that is consistent with the theory you chose.
5. Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Discussion-
"The Changing Family System"
Using what you’ve learned this week, respond to the following prompts in your post:
· Explain at least two (2) roles that different parenting styles play in shaping the overall behavior of children. Next, indicate the significant impacts that each role has in contributing to delinquent behavior among juveniles.
· Think about the following question: Should juvenile delinquents be removed from their home and parent(s) and placed in a foster home or group home if the child continues to commit criminal acts after repeated attempts at treatment and confinement? Based on this question, discuss your thoughts on this subject. Provide support for your response.
Discussion-
"Exploring Monopolies and Oligopolies"
Watch this video, Oligopolies and Monopolistic Competition, to help you prepare for this week’s discussion.
Reply to these prompts by using the company for which you currently work, a business with which your familiar, or a dream business you want to start:
· With your selected business in mind, determine if it is competitive, monopolistic competitive, an oligopoly, or pure monopoly. Explain how you drew your conclusion about its market structure.
· How does the business/firm in this industry determine the price it will charge for the products or services it sells?
Discussion-
"Considering Tradeoffs You Make Every Day"
Let's talk about two tradeoffs we face every day: how we spend our time and money.
We can only do two things with income: spend it or save it. Time is the ultimate resource. We can choose to spend time working to earn an income or we can do other things, broadly classified as leisure. Reply to these prompts to start your discussion:
· How does a change in interest rate affect your decision to spend or save? How would a change in the interest rate affect a firm's decision to invest or save?
· How might an increas.
Case Study - Option 3 BarbaraBarbara is a 22 year old woman who h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Option 3: Barbara
Barbara is a 22 year old woman who has recently graduated from college with a psychology degree. She is currently working as a waitress at a popular restaurant near campus, and says she has always planned to attend law school. Barbara was born in a New Orleans, Louisiana. Her mother is an African American who is an assistant manager at a grocery store. Her father is Caucasian and works at a department store. Barbara reports that she was a shy, unattractive child, but that in general her early childhood was "pretty happy." Barbara says that during elementary school, she was constantly harassed by classmates about being of mixed race. Still, she says that she felt very close to her family during this period. She now insists that "I am not black or white, I am me."
Barbara is sexually active and engages in sexual activity with different men at least 1 time a week. Barbara indicates that she does not need protection because she is on the pill. She says she is simply too young to settle down. During her junior year of high school, Barbara had her first serious boyfriend, Morris, who was a high school classmate. She describes the relationship as warm and supportive and they became sexually active during her senior year of high school. They broke up soon after the first sexual interaction. In college, Barbara has dated and she acknowledges some bisexual experimentation. Barbara says that she prefers heterosexual relationships, however.
Although Barbara appears to be a natural athlete, she leads a relatively sedentary lifestyle. She does not exercise regularly and indicates that it is just not enjoyable.
Barbara does not like her job at the restaurant, but seems unwilling to look for other employment. She says that she feels "very jittery" whenever she gets ready for work, and she uses any excuse to take days off. She also refuses to associate with fellow employees, and reports getting very anxious when she was given a surprise birthday party. Recently, she has lost interest in cleaning her house and seldom cooks for herself. She also attends less to her personal grooming.
Diagnosis – Social Anxiety Disorder/Minor Depression
DSM-5 – Diagnostic Criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder
1. Fear or anxiety specific to social settings, in which a person feels noticed, observed, or scrutinized.
2. Typically the individual will fear that they will display their anxiety and experience social rejection,
3. Social interaction will consistently provoke distress,
4. Social interactions are either avoided, or painfully and reluctantly endured,
5. The fear and anxiety will be grossly disproportionate to the actual situation,
6. The fear, anxiety or other distress around social situations will persist for six months or longer and
7. Cause personal distress and impairment of functioning in one or more domains, such as interpersonal or occupational functioning,
8. The fear or anxiety cannot be attributed to a medical disorder, s.
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New RealityWhen hackers claiming .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New Reality:
When hackers claiming to support the Syrian regime of Bashar Al-Assad attacked and disabled the website of Al Jazeera, the Qatar-based satellite news channel, in September 2012, the act was another act of hacktivism, purporting to promote a specific political agenda over another. Hacktivism has become a very visible form of expressing dissent. Even though there have been numerous incidents reported by the media, the first case of hacktivism was documented in 1989 when a member of the Cult of the Dead Cow hacker collective named Omega coined the term in 1996. However, hacktivism is not the only form of cyber protest and conflict that has everyone from ICT professionals to governments scrambling for solutions. Individuals, enterprises, and governments alike rely in many instances almost completely on network computing technologies, including cloud computing. The international and ever-evolving nature of the Internet along with inadequate law enforcement and the anonymity the global architecture offers creates opportunities for hackers to attack vulnerable nodes for personal, financial, or political gain.
The Internet is also rapidly becoming the political and advocacy platform of choice, bringing with it both positive and negative consequences. Increasingly sophisticated off-the-shelf technologies and easy access to the Internet are significantly increasing incidents of cyberterrorism, netwars, and cyberwarfare. The following are a few examples.
• According to The Israel Electric Company, Israel is attacked 1,000 times a minute by cyberterrorists targeting the country’s infrastructure—water, electricity, communications, and other services.• The New York Times, quoting military officials, said there was a seventeen-fold increase in cyberattacks targeting the US critical infrastructure between 2009 and 2011.• The 2010 Data Breach Investigations Report has data recording more than 900 instances of computer hacking and other data breaches in the past seven years, resulting in some 900 million compromised records. In 2012, the same study listed 855 breaches, resulting in 174 million compromised records in 2011 alone, up from 4 million in 2010.• Another study of 49 breaches in 2011 reported that the average organizational cost of a data breach (including detection, internal response, notification, post notification cost) was $5.5 million. This number was down from $7.2 million in 2010.14 The Telegraph (London) reported that “India blamed a new ‘cyber-jihad’ by Pakistani militant groups for the exodus of thousands of people from India’s north-eastern minorities from its main southern cities in August after text messages warning them to flee went viral.”
There have been recorded instances of nations allegedly engaging in cyberwarfare. The Center for the Study of Technology and Society has identified five methods by which cyberwarfare can be used as a means of military action. These include defacing or di.
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content Review the Blai.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content
Review the
Blaine
case on the capital structure by understanding the case well enough to help the CEO make informed analysis and decisions on the issues listed in the second paragraph.
I want you to, of course, show me that you understand the situation but then to add the
.
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation Damn it, .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation
“Damn it, he's done it again!”
Charlie Newburg had to get up and walk around his office, he was so frustrated. He had been
reviewing the most recent design, parts, and assembly specifications for Global Mobile's latest
smart phone (code named: Nonphixhun) that had been released for production the previous
Thursday. The files had just come back to Charlie's engineering services department with a
caustic note that began, “This one can't be produced, either…” It was the fourth time production
had returned the design.
Newburg, director of engineering for the Global Mobile Corporation, was normally a quiet
person. But the Nonphixhun project was stretching his patience; it was beginning to appear like
several other new products that had hit delays and problems in the transition from design to
production during the eight months Charlie had worked for Global Mobile. These problems were
nothing new at Global Mobile's Asian factory; Charlie's predecessor in the engineering job had
run afoul of them, too, and had finally been fired for protesting too vehemently about the other
departments. But the Nonphixhun phone should have been different. Charlie and the firm's
president, Hannah Hoover, had video-conferenced two months earlier (on July 3, 2006) with the
factory superintendent, Tyson Wang, to smooth the way for the new phone's design. He thought
back to the meeting …
• “Now, we all know there's a tight deadline on the Nonphixhun,” Hannah Hoover said, “and
Charlie's done well to ask us to talk about its introduction. I'm counting on both of you to find
any snags in the system, and to work together to get that first production run out by October
2. Can you do it?” “We can do it in production if we get a clean design two weeks from
now, as scheduled,” answered Tyson Wang, the factory manager. “Charlie and I have already
talked about that, of course. I've spoken with our circuit board and other parts suppliers and
scheduled assembly capacity, and we'll be ready. If the design goes over schedule, though, I'll
have to fill in with other runs, and it will cost us a bundle to break in for the Nonphixhun.
How does it look in engineering, Charlie?” “I've just reviewed the design for the second
time,” Charlie replied. “If Marianne Price can keep the salespeople out of our hair, and avoid
any more last minute changes, we've got a shot. I've pulled my technical support people off of
three other overdue jobs to get this one out. But, Tyson, that means we can't spring engineers
loose to confer with your production people on other manufacturing problems.” “Well
Charlie, most of those problems are caused by the engineers, and we need them to resolve the
difficulties. We've all agreed that production problems come from both of us bowing to sales
pressure, and putting equipment into production before the designs are really ready. That's
just wh.
Case Study #3Apple Suppliers & Labor PracticesWith its h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #3
Apple Suppliers & Labor Practices
With its highly coveted line of consumer electronics, Apple has a cult following among loyal consumers. During the 2014 holiday season, 74.5 million iPhones were sold. Demand like this meant that Apple was in line to make over $52 billion in profits in 2015, the largest annual profit ever generated from a company’s operations. Despite its consistent financial performance year over year, Apple’s robust profit margin hides a more complicated set of business ethics. Similar to many products sold in the U.S., Apple does not manufacture most its goods domestically. Most of the component sourcing and factory production is done overseas in conditions that critics have argued are dangerous to workers and harmful to the environment.
For example, tin is a major component in Apple’s products and much of it is sourced in Indonesia. Although there are mines that source tin ethically, there are also many that do not. One study found workers—many of them children—working in unsafe conditions, digging tin out by hand in mines prone to landslides that could bury workers alive. About 70% of the tin used in electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets comes from these more dangerous, small-scale mines. An investigation by the BBC revealed how perilous these working conditions can be. In interviews with miners, a 12-yearold working at the bottom of a 70-foot cliff of sand said: “I worry about landslides. The earth slipping from up there to the bottom. It could happen.”
Apple defends its practices by saying it only has so much control over monitoring and regulating its component sources. The company justifies its sourcing practices by saying that it is a complex process, with tens of thousands of miners selling tin, many of them through middle-men. In a statement to the BBC, Apple said “the simplest course of action would be for Apple to unilaterally refuse any tin from Indonesian mines. That would be easy for us to do and would certainly shield us from criticism. But that would also be the lazy and cowardly path, since it would do nothing to improve the situation. We have chosen to stay engaged and attempt to drive changes on the ground.”
In an effort for greater transparency, Apple has released annual reports detailing their work with suppliers and labor practices. While more recent investigations have shown some improvements to suppliers’ working conditions, Apple continues to face criticism as consumer demand for iPhones and other products continues to grow.
Essay directions –
Students will have to identify and analyze the above ethical dilemma. Write a 750 – 1000 word, double-spaced paper, and APA style.
Students are expected to identify the key stakeholders, discussion of the implications of the ethical dilemma, and answer the case study questions. Each paper should have the following sections: • Introduction of the case• The ethical dilemma • Stakeholders • Questions • Conclusions • References .
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Students mismanaging money could see universities losing up to 1 in every 10 students every year.
It will come as no surprise to you, to hear us say that, we think upskilling students and getting them more financially savvy is key.
We are on a mission – to upskill people for the 21st century through better money management, employability and enterprise training.
Ask us how!
Financial literacy is one of the biggest problems facing government employees, especially teachers. Based on the Salary Standardization Law 1, public teachers have better compensation than any other government employees, considering their basic salary and all of the benefits. However, teachers were financially challenged in understanding and managing their own finances. Therefore, the study focused on the level of financial literacy, financial perspectives, and financial practices of the public junior high school teachers who are permanent for at least two years in their respective schools in the urban municipalities (Bayombong, Bambang, and Solano) of Nueva Vizcaya. Moreover, the concept of the study was drawn from the theories of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, areas of personal finance, financial literacy identifiers and core competencies, top-down processing theory, and behavioral finance. In addition, the study used a descriptive-inferential research design, and data were analyzed using several statistical tools. The result of the study showed that public secondary teachers have a high level of financial literacy and financial perspectives. But this is in contrast to the level of financial practices, which yield a low result. Based on the result of the study, the researchers recommend a personal finance model for improving the level of financial literacy and the perspectives and practices of public secondary teachers.
This document discusses financial education and culture in Latin America and its impact on quality of life in Colombia. It aims to identify factors that influence financial culture and how they affect Colombians' standard of living.
The study used a mixed methodology approach including surveys of 100 economically active people with financial products. It found that while 60% had not received financial training, 89% had good financial culture through formal or informal practices like savings and investment.
The conclusion is that education level has a direct relationship with financial culture - higher education means more knowledge of personal finance, reflected in better use of financial products and ability to make investment decisions that improve income levels.
Here are The Role of Finance Education: 1. Early Education 2. Lifelong Learning 3. Accessibility and Inclusivity 4. Technology and Innovation 5. Policy Support
Critical Financial Literacy and Public PolicyNicole Newman
We will share info and resources about the ItAG sessions and continuing actions to build a curriculum that brings a critical approach to teaching financial literacy. We will not use comparison methods as a means of measurement. We will use language that empowers rather than destroys. We will use multiple meausrement tools for wealth.
Millennials lack important life and financial skills due to deficiencies in education systems. While families are the primary source of advice, many millennials still struggle with basic financial tasks like managing expenses, building credit, and budgeting for student loans. However, they are optimistic and want guidance on bigger topics like saving for retirement and education. Banks have an opportunity to provide relevant advice and establish trust by understanding millennial needs, supporting financial education, and communicating through relatable online resources.
The document discusses findings from a survey of Millennials and Gen Xers in Australia regarding their financial behaviors and expectations. Some key findings about affluent Millennials include:
- They have a progressive view of the future financial industry and are confident about their own financial success due to decisions made now.
- They prefer to conduct their own research but also value validation from financial advisors.
- They are loyal customers of financial institutions they trust but are also open to offerings from non-financial brands.
- Social media plays a central role in their financial decisions and they demand a deeper connection with financial services providers.
Operation KEYS provides financial literacy and entrepreneurship education resources to help at-risk youth. Their curriculum teaches money management, business, and leadership skills through hands-on lessons and activities. This aims to increase students' economic literacy, self-esteem, and academic performance while reducing risky behaviors. Operation KEYS also seeks mentors to support students and offers multi-week programs on topics like money skills, entrepreneurship, and management training to inspire and prepare youth for future success.
Banking a New Generation - Youth BankingDaniel Emeka
The document discusses the importance of banking children and youth to empower them to become productive economic citizens. It notes that children and youth are future economic actors and providing them financial competencies and prosperity has meaningful impacts. The document then defines different age groups of children/youth and their varying financial independence, needs, and circumstances. It emphasizes the need for financial education tailored for each group. The document also discusses marketing strategies for engaging children/youth, including relationship marketing through social networks and influencers. It proposes using promotional mascots and materials to introduce a new banking product for children/youth focused on friendship and teamwork.
The document discusses financial literacy among teens. It finds that most teens have not been taught basic financial concepts like balancing a checkbook or the costs of living independently. While teens say they want their parents to teach them about finances, few parents actually discuss family finances with their children. The document recommends that parents, educators, and financial professionals make financial literacy a priority and work together to educate teens on essential financial topics. This could help prepare teens for independent adulthood and benefit society.
Financial Literacy Program | Obtain Financial Independence - GuardianWealthguardianwealth
Do you know GuardianWealth’s financial literacy program provides you with the financial knowledge that helps you to make successful decisions? Want to know how then visit our website and join our financial literacy awareness program. https://guardianwealth.app/financial-literacy-program/
These slides were presented in one of Kolega's event, Ruang Temu 2. It contains facts about millennials according to their spending, problems that millenials might encounter in managing their financial, and also solutions that might help them.
This document discusses a youth venture capital loan scheme in Uganda aimed at increasing access to finance for young agro-entrepreneurs. It provides background on the scheme and its establishment through a public-private partnership. Centenary Bank is highlighted as a major participant that benefits from expanding access to financial services and increasing its market share. Eligibility criteria for loans target youth with business ventures. Performance data shows over $13 million disbursed to over 8,000 beneficiaries in sectors like agriculture, trade and services. Challenges include a lack of additional funds and entrepreneurship skills, though partnerships and new products are suggested as part of the way forward.
Sanchayan Society is a non-profit organization dedicated to financial literacy in India. It was founded to address the lack of financial education in India and help individuals make informed financial decisions. The organization's MoneyMatters program aims to educate youth, women, and underprivileged groups about basic banking, investments, insurance, and more through workshops across cities in India. The document provides details on the genesis of Sanchayan Society, its mission and vision, the MoneyMatters program, impact and feedback.
Sun Life pioneers study on financial literacy
The Filipinos are an optimistic race. Amidst the recent stock market dip, there is
widespread confidence about the country’s economic outlook. But are Filipinos prepared
to face fluctuations and seize opportunities? Are they ready for the Brighter Life?
For the past five years, Sun Life has been conducting a nationwide Study of Lifestyles,
Attitudes and Relationships (SOLAR) to gain insights on the public’s attitudes and
behavior toward financial matters. This research has been instrumental in helping Sun Life
pursue its thrust to raise financial literacy among Filipinos.
(C) 2013 Sun Life Financial Philippines
Women and Financial Education Evidence SummaryDr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes a report on women and financial education published by the OECD in 2013. It finds that women often have less financial knowledge and access to financial products than men, and face more vulnerabilities. Some countries have implemented financial education programs targeting women to help improve their financial empowerment and inclusion. The report analyzes gender differences in financial literacy based on OECD surveys, identifies barriers women face, and provides case studies of financial education programs for women. It aims to provide guidance to policymakers on addressing the financial education needs of women and girls.
Similar to Running head FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG YOUTHS IN KLANG VALLEY1.docx (16)
Case Study 1 Applying Theory to PracticeSocial scientists hav.docxcowinhelen
Case Study 1: Applying Theory to Practice
Social scientists have proposed a number of theories to explain juvenile delinquency. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. For this assignment, go to the following Website, located at http://listverse.com/2011/05/14/top-10-young-killers/ and select one of the juvenile case studies.
After reading the case, select one (1) of the psychological theories discussed in Chapter 4 of the text.
Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
1. Summarize three (3) key aspects of the juvenile case study that you selected.
2. Highlight at least three (3) factors that you believe are important for one to understand the origins of the juvenile’s delinquent behavior.
3. Apply at least two (2) concepts from the theory that you chose from the text that would help explain the juvenile’s behavior.
4. Identify one (1) appropriate strategy geared toward preventing delinquency that is consistent with the theory you chose.
5. Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Discussion-
"The Changing Family System"
Using what you’ve learned this week, respond to the following prompts in your post:
· Explain at least two (2) roles that different parenting styles play in shaping the overall behavior of children. Next, indicate the significant impacts that each role has in contributing to delinquent behavior among juveniles.
· Think about the following question: Should juvenile delinquents be removed from their home and parent(s) and placed in a foster home or group home if the child continues to commit criminal acts after repeated attempts at treatment and confinement? Based on this question, discuss your thoughts on this subject. Provide support for your response.
Discussion-
"Exploring Monopolies and Oligopolies"
Watch this video, Oligopolies and Monopolistic Competition, to help you prepare for this week’s discussion.
Reply to these prompts by using the company for which you currently work, a business with which your familiar, or a dream business you want to start:
· With your selected business in mind, determine if it is competitive, monopolistic competitive, an oligopoly, or pure monopoly. Explain how you drew your conclusion about its market structure.
· How does the business/firm in this industry determine the price it will charge for the products or services it sells?
Discussion-
"Considering Tradeoffs You Make Every Day"
Let's talk about two tradeoffs we face every day: how we spend our time and money.
We can only do two things with income: spend it or save it. Time is the ultimate resource. We can choose to spend time working to earn an income or we can do other things, broadly classified as leisure. Reply to these prompts to start your discussion:
· How does a change in interest rate affect your decision to spend or save? How would a change in the interest rate affect a firm's decision to invest or save?
· How might an increas.
Case Study - Option 3 BarbaraBarbara is a 22 year old woman who h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Option 3: Barbara
Barbara is a 22 year old woman who has recently graduated from college with a psychology degree. She is currently working as a waitress at a popular restaurant near campus, and says she has always planned to attend law school. Barbara was born in a New Orleans, Louisiana. Her mother is an African American who is an assistant manager at a grocery store. Her father is Caucasian and works at a department store. Barbara reports that she was a shy, unattractive child, but that in general her early childhood was "pretty happy." Barbara says that during elementary school, she was constantly harassed by classmates about being of mixed race. Still, she says that she felt very close to her family during this period. She now insists that "I am not black or white, I am me."
Barbara is sexually active and engages in sexual activity with different men at least 1 time a week. Barbara indicates that she does not need protection because she is on the pill. She says she is simply too young to settle down. During her junior year of high school, Barbara had her first serious boyfriend, Morris, who was a high school classmate. She describes the relationship as warm and supportive and they became sexually active during her senior year of high school. They broke up soon after the first sexual interaction. In college, Barbara has dated and she acknowledges some bisexual experimentation. Barbara says that she prefers heterosexual relationships, however.
Although Barbara appears to be a natural athlete, she leads a relatively sedentary lifestyle. She does not exercise regularly and indicates that it is just not enjoyable.
Barbara does not like her job at the restaurant, but seems unwilling to look for other employment. She says that she feels "very jittery" whenever she gets ready for work, and she uses any excuse to take days off. She also refuses to associate with fellow employees, and reports getting very anxious when she was given a surprise birthday party. Recently, she has lost interest in cleaning her house and seldom cooks for herself. She also attends less to her personal grooming.
Diagnosis – Social Anxiety Disorder/Minor Depression
DSM-5 – Diagnostic Criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder
1. Fear or anxiety specific to social settings, in which a person feels noticed, observed, or scrutinized.
2. Typically the individual will fear that they will display their anxiety and experience social rejection,
3. Social interaction will consistently provoke distress,
4. Social interactions are either avoided, or painfully and reluctantly endured,
5. The fear and anxiety will be grossly disproportionate to the actual situation,
6. The fear, anxiety or other distress around social situations will persist for six months or longer and
7. Cause personal distress and impairment of functioning in one or more domains, such as interpersonal or occupational functioning,
8. The fear or anxiety cannot be attributed to a medical disorder, s.
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New RealityWhen hackers claiming .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New Reality:
When hackers claiming to support the Syrian regime of Bashar Al-Assad attacked and disabled the website of Al Jazeera, the Qatar-based satellite news channel, in September 2012, the act was another act of hacktivism, purporting to promote a specific political agenda over another. Hacktivism has become a very visible form of expressing dissent. Even though there have been numerous incidents reported by the media, the first case of hacktivism was documented in 1989 when a member of the Cult of the Dead Cow hacker collective named Omega coined the term in 1996. However, hacktivism is not the only form of cyber protest and conflict that has everyone from ICT professionals to governments scrambling for solutions. Individuals, enterprises, and governments alike rely in many instances almost completely on network computing technologies, including cloud computing. The international and ever-evolving nature of the Internet along with inadequate law enforcement and the anonymity the global architecture offers creates opportunities for hackers to attack vulnerable nodes for personal, financial, or political gain.
The Internet is also rapidly becoming the political and advocacy platform of choice, bringing with it both positive and negative consequences. Increasingly sophisticated off-the-shelf technologies and easy access to the Internet are significantly increasing incidents of cyberterrorism, netwars, and cyberwarfare. The following are a few examples.
• According to The Israel Electric Company, Israel is attacked 1,000 times a minute by cyberterrorists targeting the country’s infrastructure—water, electricity, communications, and other services.• The New York Times, quoting military officials, said there was a seventeen-fold increase in cyberattacks targeting the US critical infrastructure between 2009 and 2011.• The 2010 Data Breach Investigations Report has data recording more than 900 instances of computer hacking and other data breaches in the past seven years, resulting in some 900 million compromised records. In 2012, the same study listed 855 breaches, resulting in 174 million compromised records in 2011 alone, up from 4 million in 2010.• Another study of 49 breaches in 2011 reported that the average organizational cost of a data breach (including detection, internal response, notification, post notification cost) was $5.5 million. This number was down from $7.2 million in 2010.14 The Telegraph (London) reported that “India blamed a new ‘cyber-jihad’ by Pakistani militant groups for the exodus of thousands of people from India’s north-eastern minorities from its main southern cities in August after text messages warning them to flee went viral.”
There have been recorded instances of nations allegedly engaging in cyberwarfare. The Center for the Study of Technology and Society has identified five methods by which cyberwarfare can be used as a means of military action. These include defacing or di.
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content Review the Blai.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content
Review the
Blaine
case on the capital structure by understanding the case well enough to help the CEO make informed analysis and decisions on the issues listed in the second paragraph.
I want you to, of course, show me that you understand the situation but then to add the
.
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation Damn it, .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation
“Damn it, he's done it again!”
Charlie Newburg had to get up and walk around his office, he was so frustrated. He had been
reviewing the most recent design, parts, and assembly specifications for Global Mobile's latest
smart phone (code named: Nonphixhun) that had been released for production the previous
Thursday. The files had just come back to Charlie's engineering services department with a
caustic note that began, “This one can't be produced, either…” It was the fourth time production
had returned the design.
Newburg, director of engineering for the Global Mobile Corporation, was normally a quiet
person. But the Nonphixhun project was stretching his patience; it was beginning to appear like
several other new products that had hit delays and problems in the transition from design to
production during the eight months Charlie had worked for Global Mobile. These problems were
nothing new at Global Mobile's Asian factory; Charlie's predecessor in the engineering job had
run afoul of them, too, and had finally been fired for protesting too vehemently about the other
departments. But the Nonphixhun phone should have been different. Charlie and the firm's
president, Hannah Hoover, had video-conferenced two months earlier (on July 3, 2006) with the
factory superintendent, Tyson Wang, to smooth the way for the new phone's design. He thought
back to the meeting …
• “Now, we all know there's a tight deadline on the Nonphixhun,” Hannah Hoover said, “and
Charlie's done well to ask us to talk about its introduction. I'm counting on both of you to find
any snags in the system, and to work together to get that first production run out by October
2. Can you do it?” “We can do it in production if we get a clean design two weeks from
now, as scheduled,” answered Tyson Wang, the factory manager. “Charlie and I have already
talked about that, of course. I've spoken with our circuit board and other parts suppliers and
scheduled assembly capacity, and we'll be ready. If the design goes over schedule, though, I'll
have to fill in with other runs, and it will cost us a bundle to break in for the Nonphixhun.
How does it look in engineering, Charlie?” “I've just reviewed the design for the second
time,” Charlie replied. “If Marianne Price can keep the salespeople out of our hair, and avoid
any more last minute changes, we've got a shot. I've pulled my technical support people off of
three other overdue jobs to get this one out. But, Tyson, that means we can't spring engineers
loose to confer with your production people on other manufacturing problems.” “Well
Charlie, most of those problems are caused by the engineers, and we need them to resolve the
difficulties. We've all agreed that production problems come from both of us bowing to sales
pressure, and putting equipment into production before the designs are really ready. That's
just wh.
Case Study #3Apple Suppliers & Labor PracticesWith its h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #3
Apple Suppliers & Labor Practices
With its highly coveted line of consumer electronics, Apple has a cult following among loyal consumers. During the 2014 holiday season, 74.5 million iPhones were sold. Demand like this meant that Apple was in line to make over $52 billion in profits in 2015, the largest annual profit ever generated from a company’s operations. Despite its consistent financial performance year over year, Apple’s robust profit margin hides a more complicated set of business ethics. Similar to many products sold in the U.S., Apple does not manufacture most its goods domestically. Most of the component sourcing and factory production is done overseas in conditions that critics have argued are dangerous to workers and harmful to the environment.
For example, tin is a major component in Apple’s products and much of it is sourced in Indonesia. Although there are mines that source tin ethically, there are also many that do not. One study found workers—many of them children—working in unsafe conditions, digging tin out by hand in mines prone to landslides that could bury workers alive. About 70% of the tin used in electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets comes from these more dangerous, small-scale mines. An investigation by the BBC revealed how perilous these working conditions can be. In interviews with miners, a 12-yearold working at the bottom of a 70-foot cliff of sand said: “I worry about landslides. The earth slipping from up there to the bottom. It could happen.”
Apple defends its practices by saying it only has so much control over monitoring and regulating its component sources. The company justifies its sourcing practices by saying that it is a complex process, with tens of thousands of miners selling tin, many of them through middle-men. In a statement to the BBC, Apple said “the simplest course of action would be for Apple to unilaterally refuse any tin from Indonesian mines. That would be easy for us to do and would certainly shield us from criticism. But that would also be the lazy and cowardly path, since it would do nothing to improve the situation. We have chosen to stay engaged and attempt to drive changes on the ground.”
In an effort for greater transparency, Apple has released annual reports detailing their work with suppliers and labor practices. While more recent investigations have shown some improvements to suppliers’ working conditions, Apple continues to face criticism as consumer demand for iPhones and other products continues to grow.
Essay directions –
Students will have to identify and analyze the above ethical dilemma. Write a 750 – 1000 word, double-spaced paper, and APA style.
Students are expected to identify the key stakeholders, discussion of the implications of the ethical dilemma, and answer the case study questions. Each paper should have the following sections: • Introduction of the case• The ethical dilemma • Stakeholders • Questions • Conclusions • References .
CASE STUDY (Individual) Scotland In terms of its physical l.docxcowinhelen
CASE STUDY (Individual): Scotland
* In terms of its physical landscape, where is the region that is experiencing a devolutionary process located and what type of climate is prevalent? (use Figure 2.5 and 2.4 of the textbook).
* According to the sources you have consulted, do these physical/natural characteristics have played any role in the historical background for this devolutionary process? How?
* How do the people that inhabit the region you are studying speak about their relationship to the land and the environment? Do they express any ideas on biodiversity conservation?
* Do they say anything about their homeland? If the region you are studying has a website (official or not), what role do maps play on their web site/s?
* Is this region located close to or far from the center of power of the country (the national capital city)?
* Does this condition have any impact on the reasons why they would like to gain at-least more autonomy to make their own decisions?
* According to the source/s you have consulted, what are the main reason/s why this population would like to break-up from the country in which they live in?
Do this/these source/s mention any explanation/s based on cultural or ethnic characteristics? For example, speaking a different language? Which one? Professing a different religion? Which one? Economic disparities
.
Case Study #2 T.D. enjoys caring for the children and young peop.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #2
T.D. enjoys caring for the children and young people in the schools where she works, but sometimes she is faced with tough situations such as suspected child abuse and neglect, teen pregnancy, and alcohol and drug use among teenagers. She works hard to ensure that the children in her schools receive the best care possible.
Question:
Several third graders reports having received no breakfast at home for more than a week. T.D. is exercising Advocacy for the students under her care. What type of actions she might be doing to exercise advocacy for the students?
Discuss this:
Moral distress is a frequent situation where health care providers should face. Please define and discuss a personal experience where you have faced Moral distress in your practice.
Discuss how health promotion relates to morality.
Discuss your insights about your own communication strengths and weaknesses. Identify situations in which it may be difficult for you to establish or terminate a therapeutic relationship.
*
formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.
.
CASE STUDY #2 Chief Complaint I have pain in my belly”.docxcowinhelen
CASE STUDY #2
Chief Complaint:
“I have pain in my belly”
History of Present Illness (HPI):
A 25-year-old female presents to the emergency room (ER) with complaints of severe abdominal pain for 2 weeks . The pain is sharp and crampy It hurts if I run, sit down hard, or if I have sex
PMH:
Patient denies
Drug Hx:
Birth control
Allergies:
NKA
Subjective:
Nausea and vomiting, Last menstrual period 5 days ago, New sexual partner about 2 months ago, No condoms, he hates them No pain, blood or difficulty with urination
Objective Data:
PE:
B/P 138/90; temperature 99°F; (RR) 20; (HR) 110, regular; oxygen saturation (PO2) 96%; pain 5/10
General:
acute distress and severe pain
HEENT:
Atraumatic, normocephalic, PERRLA, EOMI, conjunctiva and sclera clear; nares patent, nasopharynx clear, good dentition. Piercing in her right nostril and lower lip.
Lungs:
CTA AP&L
Card:
S1S2 without rub or gallop
Abd:
INSPECTION: no masses or thrills noted; no discoloration and skin is warm to; no tattoos or piercings; abdomen is nondistended and round
• AUSCULTATION: bowel sounds (BS) are normal in all four quadrants, no bruits noted
• PALPATION: on palpation, abdomen is tender to touch in four quadrants; tenderness noted on light palpation, deep palpation reveals no masses, spleen and liver unremarkable
• PERCUSSION: tympany heard in all quadrants, no dullness noted in abdominal area
GU:
• EXTERNAL: mature hair distribution; no external lesions on labia
• INTROITUS: slight green-gray discharge, no lesions
• VAGINAL: normal rugae; moderate amount of green discharge on vaginal walls
• CERVIX: nulliparous os with small amount of purulent discharge from os with positive cervical motion tenderness (CMT)
• UTERUS: ante-flexed, normal size, shape, and position
• ADNEXA: bilateral tenderness with fullness; both ovaries without masses
• RECTAL: deferred
• VAGINAL DISCHARGE: green in color
Ext:
no cyanosis, clubbing or edema
Integument:
intact without lesions masses or rashes
Neuro:
No obvious deficits and CN grossly intact II-XII
Then answer the following questions:
What other subjective data would you obtain?
What other objective findings would you look for?
What diagnostic exams do you want to order?
Name 3 differential diagnoses based on this patient presenting symptoms?
Give rationales for your each differential diagnosis.
-
Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.
.
Case Study #1Jennifer is a 29-year-old administrative assistan.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #1
Jennifer is a 29-year-old administrative assistant married to Antonio, an Italian engineer, whom Jennifer met four years earlier while on a business trip for her marketing company. The couple now lives in Nebraska, where Antonio works for the county's transportation department and Jennifer commutes an hour each way to her marketing office. They have been trying to start a family for over a year. Eight months ago, Jennifer miscarried in her second month of pregnancy. Antonio's parents love Jennifer and often ask her if she is expecting again, hoping to encourage her to focus on her next baby. Jennifer's mother passed away two years ago and her father's health is rapidly deteriorating. Jennifer faces the probability of placing her father in a skilled nursing care facility within the next few months, against his wishes.
At work, Jennifer runs a tight ship. She is organized and prepares lists to assure that everything is done according to schedule. Everyone counts on Jennifer and she takes pride in never letting people down.
Jennifer has visited her physician numerous times in the last six months, complaining of headaches, backaches, and indigestion. Jennifer insists that she is happy and is not feeling stressed, yet she finds herself making more mistakes at work, unable to keep up with housework, and feeling tired and overwhelmed; she has begun to question her effectiveness as an employee, wife, daughter, and potential mother. Her pains seem to be increasing, but her doctor cannot find a physical cause for her discomfort.
Case Study #2
Michael is a 40-year-old airline pilot who has recently begun to experience chest pains. The chest pains began when Michael signed his final divorce papers, ending his 15-year marriage. He fought for joint custody of his two children, ages 12 and 10, but although he wants to be with them more frequently, he only sees them every two weeks. This schedule is, in great part, a result of his employer's announcement that budget constraints would result in layoffs. Michael worries that without his job he will be unable to support his children and lose the new townhouse that he purchased. Michael's chest pains are becoming more frequent and he fears that he may be dying.
Review case studies 1 and 2.
Choose one case study.
Complete the following questions in 150 to 200 words each. Be as detailed as possible and use the information you have learned throughout this course.
• What are the causes of stress in Michael’s or Jennifer’s life? How is stress affecting Michael’s or Jennifer’s health?
• How are these stressors affecting Michael’s or Jennifer’s self-concept and self-esteem?
• How might Michael’s or Jennifer’s situation illustrate adjustment? How might this situation become an opportunity for personal growth?
• What defensive coping methods is Michael or Jennifer using? What active coping methods might be healthier for Michael or Jennifer to use? Explain why you would recom.
Case Study # 2 –Danny’s Unhappy DutyEmployee ProfilesCaro.docxcowinhelen
Case Study # 2 –Danny’s Unhappy Duty
Employee Profiles
:
Carol Brown, Danny Winthrop, Thomas Fletcher
Carol, the Department Secretary for Purchasing and General Stores, has been
working at St. Louis Memorial Hospital for sixteen years, four of which have
been for the present Manager, Dan Winthrop. Carol likes her Boss, who gives
his employees more leeway than most. Carol’s main interests are her work and
her home—traits also typical of the other people who work in the Department.
Carol feels she is part of a close, cooperative group of employees.
Dan, or Danny, as he likes to be called, arrived at St. Louis Memorial four years
ago as a replacement for a Department manager who had been at the Hospital
for a number of years. Danny’s predecessor, Bill Taylor, was very strict in
everything from insisting that employees take exactly one-half hour for lunch
breaks to not having a coffee pot in the Department. When Danny came on
board as a Department Manager, his management style was much less strict.
The result was that Danny’s employees were much happier, and began to meet
and exceed expectations in getting their work done. St. Louis Memorial’s
previous CEO was a good friend and frequently complimented Danny on his
efficient and effective staff. Now a new CEO, Thomas Fletcher, has been hired
by the Hospital’s Board of Directors. Things are about to change.
Thomas Fletcher, new CEO and a recent graduate from a superior school of
hospital management, has always believed in “doing things by the book”.
Thomas originally had wanted to become a doctor, but decided two years into
the process that it was going to take him too long, and that he would be better
off becoming an administrator. He likes the idea of being an administrator,
and wants to be a good one. He has decided to start out his career at St. Louis
Memorial, of the smaller hospitals in the St. Louis area, but hopes to progress to a
a much larger facility in about four years, once he develops a track record at
St. Louis Memorial.
The Challenge: Communication, Criticism and Discipline, Leadership, Motivation,
Rules and Policies
Danny knows his employees quite well. They are generally a happy, cohesive, and cooperative group. They joke around a lot among themselves, but get the work done more than satisfactorily. All of them seem to give a
gr.
Case Study – Multicultural ParadeRead the Case below, and answe.docxcowinhelen
This document provides a case study about a school's multicultural day celebration that resulted in confusion and exclusion. The school encouraged students to participate in a culture parade by wearing clothing representing their ethnic heritage. However, when two students - an African American girl and a white girl - brought everyday clothing, they were not allowed to participate. The teacher was worried others would be confused by their inclusion or that the girls would be ridiculed for misunderstanding the instructions. This highlighted differences between concepts like culture, ethnicity, and nationality.
Case Study THE INVISIBLE SPONSOR1BackgroundSome execut.docxcowinhelen
Case Study : THE INVISIBLE SPONSOR1
Background
Some executives prefer to micromanage projects whereas other executives
are fearful of making a decision because, if they were to make the wrong
decision, it could impact their career. In this case study, the president of the company assigned one of the vice presidents to act as the project sponsor on a project designed to build tooling for a client. The sponsor, however, was reluctant to make any decisions.
Assigning the VP
Moreland Company was well-respected as a tooling design-and-build
company. Moreland was project-driven because all of its income came
from projects. Moreland was also reasonably mature in project management.
When the previous VP for engineering retired, Moreland hired an executive from a manufacturing company to replace him. The new VP for engineering, Al Zink, had excellent engineering knowledge about tooling but had worked for companies that were not project-driven. Al had very little knowledge about project management and had never functioned as a project sponsor. Because of Al’s lack of experience as a sponsor, the president decided that Al should “get his feet wet” as quickly as possible and assigned him as the project sponsor on a mediumsized project. The project manager on this project was Fred Cutler. Fred was an engineer with more than twenty years of experience in tooling design and manufacturing. Fred reported directly to Al Zink administratively.
Fred's Dilemma
Fred understood the situation; he would have to train Al Zink on how to
function as a project sponsor. This was a new experience for Fred because subordinates usually do not train senior personnel on how to do their job. Would Al Zink be receptive?
Fred explained the role of the sponsor and how there are certain project documents that require the signatures of both the project manager and the project sponsor. Everything seemed to be going well until Fred informed Al that the project sponsor is the person that the president eventually holds accountable for the success or failure of the project. Fred could tell that Al was
quite upset over this statement.
Al realized that the failure of a project where he was the sponsor could damage his reputation and career. Al was now uncomfortable about having to act as a sponsor but knew that he might eventually be assigned as a sponsor on other projects. Al also knew that this project was somewhat of a high risk. If Al could function as an invisible sponsor, he could avoid making any critical decisions.
In the first meeting between Fred and Al where Al was the sponsor, Al asked Fred for a copy of the schedule for the project. Fred responded: I’m working on the schedule right now. I cannot finish the schedule until you tell me whether you want me to lay out the schedule based upon best time, least cost, or least risk.
Al stated that he would think about it and get back to Fred as soon as possible.
During the middle of the next week, Fred and Al m.
CASE STUDY Experiential training encourages changes in work beha.docxcowinhelen
CASE STUDY: Experiential training encourages changes in work behavior and growth in one’s abilities, which is accomplished through a multitude of methods. Experiential training has proven to be cost-effective while motivating employees as well as improving self-awareness, personal accountability, teamwork skills, and communication skills (Ritchie, 2011). Additionally, the training methods provide trainees with direct experience, the opportunity to reflect on that experience, and share models to help trainees to deduce using both present and past experience, while accommodating learning styles and strengths (Ritchie, 2011). Valkanos and Fragoulis identify several reasons why experiential training provides value:
1. Ongoing advances in technology requiring changes in knowledge, skills, and abilities
2. Divergence between theory and practice
3. Mergers and acquisitions of enterprises which tend to bring new jobs, organizational culture, and work content
4. Constant environment of change, from working conditions to processes and procedures relating to organizational issues, quality, and new products or services, and requiring new competencies, duties, or work content (Valkanos & Fragoulis, 2007, p. 22).
Method
Description
On-the-job Training
Receives instructions on the functions of their job in their assigned workplace.
Simulators
Teaches employees on how to operate equipment in a given context
Role Playing
Developing interpersonal and business skills, such as decision-making, communication, conflict resolution, and solving complex problems.
Case Study
Develops critical thinking skills to include analytical, higher-level skills, and exploring and resolving complex problems.
Games
Develops general business and organizational principles addressing application in a variety of situations.
Behavior Modeling
Used when learning goals are a rule and inflexible procedures. Provides skills and practice to modify and model behavior.
In-basket Techniques
A variety of items placed in an envelope that reflects what might be found in an inbox. This activity is used to assist trainees in developing and applying their strategic and operational skills.
(Blanchard & Thacker, 2013, pp. 222-223)
References:
· Blanchard, P. N., & Thacker, J. W. (2013). Effective training: Systems, strategies, and practices (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
· Valkanos, E., & Fragoulis, I. (2007). Experiential learning – its place in in‐house education and training. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 21(5), 21-23. doi:10.1108/14777280710779454
Discussion Question--Choose one perspective in which to respond.
Non-HR Perspective: Your department is not meeting performance expectations. What steps do you take to resolve the issue? Is training a possible solution; if so, which of the above training methods would be the most effective in addressing the issue? Would you, at any point, involve HR--if so, at what point and why?.
Case Study Hereditary AngioedemaAll responses must be in your .docxcowinhelen
Case Study: Hereditary Angioedema
All responses must be in your own words. Answers that have been copied and pasted will not receive credit.
1. Translate “angioedema”. [Note: I am not looking for a description of the disorder. Rather, I would like you to translate the medical term itself.]
2. The complement system is described as a ‘cascade system’. How does the system fit into this description of being a cascade? [Suggestion: Google the definition of cascade, then think about the complement system in light of the definition]
3. Is complement involved in the innate, or the adaptive immune system, or both? Please explain you answer.
4. What role does C1INH play in the complement system? Why is it so important?
5. What was the physiologic cause of Richard’s abdominal pain?
6. How can one distinguish the swelling of HAE from the swelling of allergic angioedema?
7. What is bradykinin’s role in HA?
8. Do you think Richard’s infancy colic was related to his HA? No need to research this. Just use your intuition. Explain your thinking.
9. What is typically used to treat attacks of HAE?
10. Swelling in the extremities is not dangerous. What other areas of the body are subject to swelling? What is the most dangerous location for swelling to occur and why is it the most dangerous?
2018
BUS 308 Week 2 Lecture 1
Examining Differences - overview
Expected Outcomes
After reading this lecture, the student should be familiar with:
1. The importance of random sampling.
2. The meaning of statistical significance.
3. The basic approach to determining statistical significance.
4. The meaning of the null and alternate hypothesis statements.
5. The hypothesis testing process.
6. The purpose of the F-test and the T-test.
Overview
Last week we collected clues and evidence to help us answer our case question about
males and females getting equal pay for equal work. As we looked at the clues presented by the
salary and comp-ratio measures of pay, things got a bit confusing with results that did not see to
be consistent. We found, among other things, that the male and female compa-ratios were fairly
close together with the female mean being slightly larger. The salary analysis showed a different
view; here we noticed that the averages were apparently quite different with the males, on
average, earning more. Contradictory findings such as this are not all that uncommon when
examining data in the “real world.”
One issue that we could not fully address last week was how meaningful were the
differences? That is, would a different sample have results that might be completely different, or
can we be fairly sure that the observed differences are real and show up in the population as
well? This issue, often referred to as sampling error, deals with the fact that random samples
taken from a population will generally be a bit different than the actual population parameters,
but will be “close” enough to the actual.
case studieson Gentrification and Displacement in the Sa.docxcowinhelen
case studies
on Gentrification and Displacement
in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors:
Miriam Zuk and Karen Chapple
Chapter 3: Nicole Montojo
Chapter 4: Sydney Cespedes, Mitchell Crispell, Christina Blackston, Jonathan Plowman, and
Edward Graves
Chapter 5: Logan Rockefeller Harris, Mitchell Crispell, Fern Uennatornwaranggoon, and Hannah Clark
Chapter 6: Nicole Montojo and Beki McElvain
Chapter 7: Celina Chan, Viviana Lopez, Sydney Céspedes, and Nicole Montojo
Chapter 8: Alexander Kowalski, Julia Ehrman, Mitchell Crispell and Fern Uennatornwaranggoon
Chapter 9: Mitchell Crispell
Chapter 10: Logan Rockefeller Harris and Sydney Cespedes
Chapter 11: Mitchell Crispell
Partner Organizations:
Causa Justa :: Just Cause, Chinatown Community Development Center, Marin Grassroots, Monument
Impact, People Organizing to Demand Environmental & Economic Rights (PODER), San Francisco
Organizing Project / Peninsula Interfaith Action , Working Partnerships USA
Acknowledgements:
Research support was provided by Maura Baldiga, Julian Collins, Mitchell Crispell, Julia Ehrman, Alex
Kowalski, Jenn Liu, Beki McElvain, Carlos Recarte, Maira Sanchez, Mar Velez, David Von Stroh, and
Teo Wickland. Report layout and design was done by Somaya Abdelgany.
Additional advisory support was provided by Carlos Romero. This case study was funded in part by
the Regional Prosperity Plan1 of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission as part of the “Regional
Early Warning System for Displacement” project and from the California Air Resources Board2 as part
of the project “Developing a New Methodology for Analyzing Potential Displacement.”
The Center for Community Innovation (CCI) at UC-Berkeley nurtures effective solutions that expand
economic opportunity, diversify housing options, and strengthen connection to place. The Center
builds the capacity of nonprofits and government by convening practitioner leaders, providing techni-
cal assistance and student interns, interpreting academic research, and developing new research out
of practitioner needs.
communityinnovation.berkeley.edu
July 2015
Cover Photographs: Robert Campbell, Ricardo Sanchez, David Monniaux, sanmateorealestateonline.com/Redwood-City, marinretail-
buzz.blogspot.com, trulia.com/homes/California/Oakland , bloomingrock.com, sharks.nhl.com/club/gallery, panoramio.com
1 The work that provided the basis for this publication was supported by funding under an award with the U.S. Department of Hous-
ing and Urban Development. The substance and findings of the work are dedicated to the public. The author and publisher are solely
responsible for the accuracy of the statements and interpretations contained in this publication. Such interpretations do not neces-
sarily reflect the views of the Government.
2 The statements and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the California Air Resources
Board. The mention of commercial products, their source, or their u.
Case Studt on KFC Introduction1) Identify the type of .docxcowinhelen
Case Studt on KFC
Introduction
1) Identify the type of business organization and strategies
2) Key players
Body
1. Opportunities
2. Threats
Closing/Conclusion
1. Make recommendations
2. Offer a plan for implementation
.
Case Study Crocs Revolutionizing an Industry’s Supply Chain .docxcowinhelen
Case Study Crocs: Revolutionizing an Industry’s Supply Chain Model for
Competitive Advantage
If the products sell extremely well, we will
build more in season, and will be back on the
shelves in a few weeks. And we’ll build even
more, and even more, and even more, in that
same season. We’re not going to wait with a
hot new product until next year, when hope-
fully the same trend is alive.
—Ronald Snyder, CEO of Crocs, Inc.1
On May 3, 2007, Crocs, Inc. released its results for the
first quarter of the year. The footwear company,
which had sold its first shoes in 2003, reported reve-
nues of $142 million for the quarter, more than three
times its sales for the first quarter of 2006. Net in-
come, at $0.61 per share was more than 17 percent
of sales, nearly four times higher than the previous
year.2 These results far exceeded market expecta-
tions, which had been for earnings of $0.49 per share
on $114 million of revenue.3 As part of the earnings
release, the company announced a two-for-one stock
split. Immediately after the announcement, the stock
price jumped 15 percent.
The growth and profitability of Crocs, which made
funky, brightly colored shoes using an extremely com-
fortable plastic material, had been astounding. Much
of this growth had been made possible by a highly
flexible supply chain which enabled the company to
build additional product to fulfill new orders quickly
within the selling season, allowing it to respond to un-
expectedly high demand—a capability that was previ-
ously unheard of in the footwear industry. This ability
to fulfill the needs of retailers also made the company
a very popular supplier to shoe sellers.
This success also raised questions about how
the company should grow in the future. Should it
vertically integrate or grow through product line
extension? Should it grow organically or through ac-
quisition? Would potential growth paths exploit
Crocs’ core competencies or defocus them?
CROCS, INC.
In 2002, three friends from Boulder, Colorado went
sailing in the Caribbean. One brought a pair of foam
clog shoes that he had bought from a company in
Canada. The clogs were made from a special mate-
rial that did not slip on wet boat decks, was easy
to wash, prevented odor, and was extremely com-
fortable. The three, Lyndon “Duke” Hanson, Scott
Seamans, and George Boedecker, decided to start a
business selling these Canadian shoes to sailing en-
thusiasts out of a leased warehouse in Florida, as
Hanson said, “so we could work when we went on
sailing trips there.”4 The founders wanted to name
the shoes something that captured the amphibious
nature of the product. Since “Alligator” had already
been taken, they chose to name the shoes “Crocs.”
The shoes were an immediate success, and word
of mouth expanded the customer base to a wide
range of people who spent much of their days stand-
ing, such as doctors and gardeners. In October 2003,
as the business began to grow, th.
Case Studies Student must complete 5 case studies as instructed.docxcowinhelen
Case Studies: Student must
complete 5 case studies
as instructed by course
materials. Fill out form below for 5 different people (imaginary is okay).
Master Herbalist Questionnaire
Date: _____________________
Name: _________________________________ Age: ______ Birth date:_____________
Address: ________________________________________________________________
Home Phone: _________________________ Work Phone:________________________
Height: _________ Weight: _________ 1 year ago:__________ 5 years ago:_________
Occupation: _______________________________________ Full Time Part Time
Living situation: Alone Friends Partner Spouse Parents Children Pets
What are your major health concerns and intentions for your visit today?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please list any other health care providers or consultants you are currently working with:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please list any current health conditions diagnosed by a medical doctor:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please use this form
as a source of
reference when
conducting your
Case-Studies.
Treat this part as information only as you are not to treat or prescribe treatment for any specific diseases
It is important to know if the client is receiving treatment from other practitioners and what these entail
Since legally you are not allowed to diagnose disease, it is helpful to get one from an MD
When was your last physical exam?
________________________________________________________________________
Please list all herbs, vitamins, and dietary supplements you are currently taking, includingdosage and frequency:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
List all medication.
Case Studies in Telehealth AdoptionThe mission of The Comm.docxcowinhelen
Case Studies in Telehealth Adoption
The mission of The Commonwealth
Fund is to promote a high performance
health care system. The Fund carries
out this mandate by supporting
independent research on health care
issues and making grants to improve
health care practice and policy. Support
for this research was provided by
The Commonwealth Fund. The views
presented here are those of the author
and not necessarily those of The
Commonwealth Fund or its directors,
officers, or staff.
For more information about this study,
please contact:
Andrew Broderick, M.A., M.B.A.
Codirector, Center for Innovation
and Technology in Public Health
Public Health Institute
[email protected]
The Veterans Health Administration:
Taking Home Telehealth Services to
Scale Nationally
Andrew Broderick
ABSTRACT: Since the 1990s, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has used infor-
mation and communications technologies to provide high-quality, coordinated, and com-
prehensive primary and specialist care services to its veteran population. Within the VHA,
the Office of Telehealth Services offers veterans a program called Care Coordination/
Home Telehealth (CCHT) to provide routine noninstitutional care and targeted care man-
agement and case management services to veterans with diabetes, congestive heart fail-
ure, hypertension, post-traumatic stress disorder, and other conditions. The program uses
remote monitoring devices in veterans’ homes to communicate health status and to cap-
ture and transmit biometric data that are monitored remotely by care coordinators. CCHT
has shown promising results: fewer bed days of care, reduced hospital admissions, and
high rates of patient satisfaction. This issue brief highlights factors critical to the VHA’s
success—like the organization’s leadership, culture, and existing information technology
infrastructure—as well as opportunities and challenges.
OVERVIEW
Since the 1990s, information and communications technologies—including tele-
health—have been at the core of the Veterans Health Administration’s (VHA’s)
successful system-level transformation toward providing continuous, coordinated,
and comprehensive primary and specialist care services. The VHA’s leadership
and culture; underlying health information technology infrastructure; and strong
commitment to standardized work processes, policies, and training have all con-
tributed to the home telehealth program’s success in meeting the chronic care
needs of a population of aging veterans and reducing their use of institutional
care and its associated costs. The home teleheath model also encourages patient
activation, self-management, and helps in the early detection of complications.
To learn more about new publications
when they become available, visit the
Fund's website and register to receive
Fund email alerts.
Commonwealth Fund pub. 1657
Vol. 4
January 2013
www.commonwealthfund.org
www.commonwealthfund.org
mailto:[email pro.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Running head FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG YOUTHS IN KLANG VALLEY1.docx
1. Running head: FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG YOUTHS IN
KLANG VALLEY 1
FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG YOUTHS IN KLANG
VALLEY 17
Importance of Financial Literacy Among Youths in Klang
Valley
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Introduction
Money is an essential element in everyday life. Learning how to
2. earn, manage and grow finances is thus crucial for achieving
success, freedom and independence in life. Yet, a big
percentage of the youths do not have financial education by the
time they leave school and start working. According to the
MonsterTrak, 57% of the college students are planning to move
back in with their parents due to financial difficulties.
Similarly, The Student Monitor has indicated 62% of the
graduates leave school with an average $27,236 in student debt
due to lack of financial literacy. Another study by the National
Foundation for Credit Counseling has indicated 39% of the
adults living in America have zero non-retirement savings. The
shocking statistics indicate the lack of financial literacy among
youths.
Globally, financial literacy has remained a huge problem. A
S&P Global FinLit Survey only 71% of the people living in
Norway, Denmark and Sweden. At the bottom of the rank is
Yemen, which has only 13% of its citizens as financially
literate. In Malaysia, the World Bank survey found only 36% of
its citizens are financially literate. Therefore, the statistics
indicate a big gap in the society since a huge number of people
have little knowledge on financial literacy. A huge percent of
the youths, lack formal or informal guidance on financial
matters. According to a global study, less than 18% of the
youths at the age of 15 receive financial skills. The fundamental
financial skills the youths do not receive include making a
budget, comparing prices when shopping and understanding or
making an invoice.
A report on the performance of the youths who were subjected
to financial literacy exam indicate 48% were correct. Another
study was carried in 2008 by the National Longitudinal Survey
of Youth shows less than 27% of the youths understand
concepts such as inflation. Another set of less than 27% can
calculate interest rate. The statistics indicate the youths are in
dire need of financial knowledge. When they are in school, they
rarely receive the fundamental skills on money. Moreover, back
3. at home, the parents care less on teaching their children how to
understand finances. The children tend to grow up thinking an
age will come when they will understand all the financial
concepts. Since they continue handling money or start earning
at a young age, youths express lack of financial skills due to the
mismanagement of money.
In Malaysia, financial illiteracy is severe among the low-income
individuals. The people who earn less money rarely invest in
getting the right financial information. The youths in Malaysia
who have little income thus end up as victims of increasing
debt, high-interest loans and scams. If the people who are low-
income earners are given the right training, they would improve
their knowledge and perform better in terms of managing their
skills. The different areas youths would require to be trained on
include savings and investment strategies, credit use and
interest rates and banking practices. Other areas they would
require training on include predatory lending practices and loan
repayment strategies.
Young people in Malaysia earn their money through informal
and formal employment opportunities. The employment
opportunities are not sufficient to make them financially stable
since they receive no information on how to handle finances. If
they receive any information on financial skills, the information
is distorted or insufficient. Most of the youths in Malaysia
receive information on financial skills from their influential
adults, caregivers and peers. The informal methods of receiving
financial skills are not sufficient to ensure the young people
become financially literate. Youths are not consistently given
skills on how to handle finances in classroom curriculum or
formal training. The skills they require on finances include
saving money, buying assets, long-term and short-term financial
goals and balancing between income and expenditure.
Most of the programs on financial literacy among the youths
have not been sufficient since they do not address the specific
issues youths are troubled about. Youths have diverse needs on
4. the skills they would like to learn about money. When the
financial literacy programs are carried out in Malaysia, there is
little impact on the youths. A survey in Malaysia indicated what
the adults believe the youths should learn about financial skills
is different from what the youths want to learn. The problem
has not only been with the adults since the youths expect
specific ways on how they should earn financial freedom and
independence. The wake of technological revolution, the youths
want to learn how to make money in an easy and fast way using
technology.
A S&P Global FinLit Survey, shows only 71% of the citizens in
America are financially literate. In Malaysia, only 36% of the
people are financially literate. The huge difference indicates the
world requires more financial skills. Most of the people are
affected by the lack of skills since they fail to understand about
loans, interest rate, debts and wise borrowing. Most of the
people around the globe who are financially crippled indicate
they once had a chance to be financially successfully. A global
survey shows 56% of the youths who had a good income and a
promising future end up financially crippled when they make
mistakes concerning their money. Most of them start spending
more than they earn and finally end up in debt.
Youths, who are considered Millennials are different from other
generations. They have been born in the age of technological
revolution and the internet has influenced them to think life
should be easy, fast and simple. However, earlier generations
have learned how to patient and thus end up saving a lot of
money in the bank while sacrificing many luxurious items. The
current generations want to buy expensive cars, live in
luxurious homes and spend their money in expensive hotels.
When the expenditure does not match with the income, the
financial problems starts crippling in. The financial problems
start small and when they are not managed properly they
become huge problems, which are hard to overcome.
According to a report by Malaysia Department of Insolvency
people who went bankrupt were between the age of 20 and 30.
5. The report shows most of the people who are in a financial
crisis are young people. The financial problems are because of
the lack of financial skills. When the young people leave high
school or college, they have big dreams of being successful, but
they fail to understand how to handle money to achieve their
dreams. Moreover, the education system has not prioritized need
for financial skills. It is rare for students to be taught on how to
become financially stable in class. The concepts taught in class
are on the common subjects relating to biology, history and
mathematics.
Youth's Financial Literacy in Malaysia
The National Youth Development Policy of Malaysia considers
youths to be the people between 15 and 40 years. The education
system in Malaysia has been reformed to ensure the people
living in Malaysia acquire better financial skills by 2020. The
national education policy is formulated to achieve highly
motivated professional workforce. The youths in Malaysia and
other parts of the world would contribute to the development
and growth of the economy if they are given the right skills.
There are different changes in the market in Malaysia include
changes in technology, product innovation, deregulation and
increased competition. This kind of environment in the market
has prompted the dire need for financial knowledge. The youths
require financial literacy to make sound financial decisions,
enhance efficiency and financial performance.
Bank Negara Malaysia has already noted a gap in the financial
capability of the clients. The bank has invested massively to
promote better financial decisions and easy access to financial
information. The youths are part of the program and the focus is
to equip them with skills on financial management. The focus of
the youths who form a large percentage of the customers. The
youths will be the future customers who will propel the bank
into the future. The bank has tailored the training program to
include financial planning on how to save and budget and
spending regarding buying and comparative shopping. Another
item in the financial training program include financial products
6. such as banking, risks, liabilities and the rights and
responsibilities of a financial consumer.
The youths in Malaysia require skills on credit and debt skills
regarding debt management, rights and responsibilities of
borrowers. Other skills include risk management since most of
the young people fail to become financially successful since
they do not manage risks appropriately. The young people do
not have market information on the trends in the market. Failure
to be up to date with what is happening in the financial world
possess a huge risk. The youths who do not know what will
happen if they default loan find they are black listed by the
credit bureau. Other types of financial information is how they
can start business and repay their loan comfortably. The big
problem with most of the youths is the desire to get rich quickly
without struggling much.
According to a 2007 report by the Bank Negara Malaysia on the
National Service Program, students aged 17 were engaged in a
compulsory financial training program. The focus of the bank is
to raise people who can manage finances. The various skills
include budgeting, smart financial choices and market
information. The purpose of the program is to help the young
people to start saving and grow their financial muscle at a
young age. According to a report by the bank in 2008, already
120,000 students had been involved. The program will enhance
better financial information among the students. It is only of
late the banks have realized the importance of running such
programs. The emergence of such programs is a clear indicator
the current curriculum has some gaps.
The Bank Negara Malaysia in collaboration with the Debt
Management Agency and the Credit Counseling agency have
partnered with public universities to enhance the financial skills
of the students. The three stakeholders have focused on the
subject of ‘Personal Finance’. The end goal is to make the
subject a mandatory as part of their learning. The program
targets young people between 20 and 24 years. Many graduates
have shown lack of financial skills when they graduate since
7. they start making mistakes from the first time they are paid.
Offering financial skills to the students before they can start
building their career will give them a good start. When they
graduate and start earning, they will learn how to save, budget
and spend their money wisely.
The government of Malaysia is working to upgrade from a
middle-income society to a high-level income society. One of
the strategies of getting to the high-level income society is by
improving the financial literacy of the citizens. All the citizens
require the financial education including the young people who
form part of the highly productive percentage of the working
class. If the young people can learn different skills, they will be
in a better position since they have high potential. When
financial literacy of the young people is improved, the financial
health of the nation will improve and impact the future
generations. Youths require to learn the financial skills to take
up the emerging job opportunities and build their career. With
the emerging innovations, youths can tap into the many business
opportunities is they prepare by learning the financial skills.
The Bank Negara Malaysia has been at the forefront to enhance
financial literacy among young people. The bank has
collaborated with the ministry of education to create an
enhanced financial literacy education program. The program has
been enhanced using technology since it is contained in a
website with the domain name as Duitsaku.com. The website
contains financial games, quizzes, financial calculations,
financial content and financial management information. Using
the information technology platform to disseminate the
information will increase financial literacy and improve
financial management in the future.
Expenditure has increased more than the income among the
youths in Malaysia. The expenditure has increased over the
years due to rise in technology revolution. Many youths today
have added income due to the need to buy data packages,
technological devices and cable television which are considered
non-essential goods. According to the Malaysian
8. Communication & Multimedia Commission, the number of
young people who are using internet in Malaysia has increased
greatly over the last decade. Most of the people spend many
hours on the internet and buy huge data to finance the lifestyle.
A report in Malaysia indicates The Consumer Price Index (CPI)
has increased to 102.2% in 2011. The youths in Malaysia have
increased their expenditure in food and non-alcoholic
beverages. The increase, however, does not show an equal
increase in the income. In the future, the young people will fall
into a trouble since they will have less income and more
expenditure.
Credit cards loan is another issue affected by the financial
literacy of the youths in Malaysia. The credit card loans were
introduced in 1970. When they were first introduced, they were
issued to professionals who were regarded as successful
business people. According to a credit card report, there were
only 20,000 cards issued by 1970. However, the eligibility has
been relaxed on the years to increase the number of people who
can access a credit card loan. The result of the increased
issuance of the cards is compulsive buying behavior. The
compulsive buying behavior has led to shopping addiction and
excessive debt for people who still want to shop but they do not
have the money. The credit cards have contributed to the
financial crisis. Although the cards were introduced to enhance
shopping, they have been used by people who have no financial
skills. The bottom thus remains to assess and enhance financial
literacy.
Problem Statement
Financial education in Malaysia is still below the required
standards. The financial education programs carried out before
did not address the specific issues since there are still high
credit card debts. If the programs have been rolled out, they did
not focus on the young consumers who are between the 15-40
years. According to various studies, a high percentage of the
high school students are not prepared to handle finances when
they finally graduate. The skills offered in high schools and
9. colleges is to obtain a good grade or find a lucrative job. The
skills do not help the students to manage their finances in the
best way when they finally start earning. High school
curriculum does not address how to effectively use income
regarding savings in the bank account, how to manage credit
cards, mortgages, mutual funds, social security, loans, insurance
and taxes.
A student is exposed to topics dealing with finances and how to
manage money daily is they have covered topics such as
finances, accounts, consumerism and economics. Failure to
address the specific skills needed daily by the students when
they finally graduate creates a problem since they will start
earning money without the skills on how to manage it well. The
rapid technological change makes it possible to spend money
through online buying. The compulsive buying behavior is
rampant among the youths since they have not acquired the right
skills on financial management. If the youths knew how to
manage finances, thy would grow their savings, spend wisely
and start acquiring assets at a young age. It will be important
for the youths to learn about budgeting, savings, spending, debt
management, investment and spending behavior.
Klang Valley is an area in Malaysia in the state of Selangor.
The area has a population of 7,254,000 and the fast growth of
the population has prompted fast business growth. The young
people form a large percentage of the people living in Malaysia
and they make a huge contribution to the growth of the
economy. When they lack the necessary financial skills, they
will make a minimal effect on the economy. Youths who have
acquired the financial skills will take advantage of the
opportunities in Klang Valley while those who do not will miss
out on the opportunities. Business opportunities require
financial skills such as handling loans, buying assets, savings
and budgeting.
Therefore, the current study seeks to investigate the importance
of financial literacy among youths in Klang Valley.
Research Objective
10. The objective of the study is to examine the importance of
financial literacy among youths in Klang Valley.
Research Questions
What is the importance of financial literacy among youths in
Klang Valley?
Value of the Study
The study findings will inform the policy makers on the need to
train the youths on financial literacy. The policy makers will
learn of the existing gaps in the education curriculum. They will
make appropriate policies in line with the recommendations of
the study. The government bodies including ministry of
education may allocate more funds for further research in the
field of financial literacy.
The findings of the study will inform the schools heads, bank
managers and heads of other institutions dealing with the youths
on the need to train them on financial skills. The managers will
realize the need to train the young people in their workforce on
the best financial skills.
Academicians will have an in-depth understanding of the topic.
Students in the field of finance, accounting and economics will
use the study as a resourceful material in the course of their
learning. The scholars will use the study as a resource while
carrying out further research.
Limitation of the study
The study will focus on youths in Malaysia between the age of
15-40 years.
Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
This chapter presents a review of the related literature on the
importance of financial literacy among youths as presented by
various researchers, scholars, analysts and authors. The chapter
also provides the theories underpinning the study.
2.2 Theoretical Foundation
11. This section examines the various theories that will be used to
inform the study on the importance of financial literacy among
youths. The study will be guided by the following theories;
theory of planned behavior and resource dependence theory.
2.2.1 Resource dependence theory
2.2.2 Resource based theory
2.3 Research Gap
2.4 Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework is a diagrammatical presentation of
the variables under investigation in a study. The framework
presents the relationship between the two variables; independent
and dependent variables. In this study, the independent
variables are making sound financial decisions, setting financial
goals, making predictions about the future, measuring and
reassessing progress,while the dependent variable is financial
literacy.
Making sound financial decisions
H1
Resource dependence theory
12. Setting financial goals
Financial Literacy
Resource based theory
H2
Resource dependence theory
Making predictions about the future
H3
Resource dependence theory
Measuring and reassessing progress
H4
Independent Variables Dependent
Variables
Source: Author
2.5 Importance of financial literacy
13. 2.5 1 Making sound financial decisions
Financial decisions are critical from a young age. People who
learn how to manage their money at a young age find it easy to
save, budget and overcome risks. One of the major financial
decisions is budgeting. It entails coming up with a list of items
a person wants to buy alongside their cost. When budgeting is
done, chances of impulsive buying reduces. While budgeting is
a crucial element of financial literacy, only a small percentage
of the people budget on how they will spend their money.
According to a study by Financial Literacy Foundation (FLF,
2007), only 47% of people budget for their daily expenses. The
survey shows more than half of the people who earn money do
not budget. Another study shows 27% of the people find it hard
to keep some money aside for purchasing assets for their houses
or businesses. Another survey carried out by Financial Literacy
Foundation shows 17% of the people who are employed could
survive in case they had a financial emergency. The statistics
indicate the need for people to realize the need to make
financial decisions.
The youths are in need of financial skills since they are
vulnerable to financial mistakes. A survey by Australian
Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) shows youths
between the age of 16-25 have a high risk of making financial
mistakes. According to the study, there is a clear indication
young people are vulnerable and thus they need the financial
skills. At the age between 16-25, the young people are finding
their first job, moving out of their parent’s house and starting to
pay bills. To some, they are moving from their first job to the
second one. As such, providing critical financial skills is
necessary. The young people find themselves in a trap when
they start paying more bills than what they can earn.
When young people graduate, they either get employed or start
their own businesses. In both cases, a person will require the
right information to make appropriate decisions. A high
percentage of the young people who start business, end up broke
and close down their business due to lack of information on how
14. to handle the finances. Most of the young people do not know
how to cope with loan repayment and they end up with interest
due to defaulting. When the business does not pick up as they
would have wished, only a few know how to make find
alternatives of raising money to repay the loan and keep the
business going. The financial skills will be critical since most
of the youths are at a critical age of starting their own business.
A survey indicates few people would retire on their own
savings. The problem does not start when people age, but it
starts when they are young. When youths get their first job, few
remember to develop and grow their savings. However, they use
all the money on luxurious living to an extent they don’t have
money to survive if they fall sick or get sacked. If they had
financial skills, they would start saving money to ensure they
have a retirement plan from a young age.
Financial decisions entails using the money a person has to keep
their life financially stable or start a small business. The rate of
unemployment continues to rise since of the people have no
finances to start their own initiatives. The problem of having no
savings start with the poor decisions people make when they get
paid their salary. The decisions people make when they get their
money determines if they will be successful or not. The small
percentage of the people who succeed utilize their money well.
However, those who have no skills end up broke again even
after they are paid high salaries.
2.5.2 Set financial goals
Financial planning is a prerequisite to financial freedom and
success. A person who has a clear plan on how they will
organize their income, expenditure and savings, have an
opportunity to enjoy financial success. It helps create short term
and long-term goals. Setting the financial goals involves
planning, which attracts several benefits. Setting financial goals
is not restricted to specific people since everyone needs to
acquire the benefits. The process of setting the goals will be
15. accompanied by a strategy on how to accompany the goals. A
plan will stipulate what is important and what is not important.
While setting the objectives, people at different stages of life
will have different goals they would like to accomplish.
Most of the youths do not have the strategy on achieving their
financial goals. They buy expensive items and spend more than
their income can allow. However, the problem is due to lack of
financial goals. When a person has set out a goal, they will save
and finally finance the goal. Sadly, most of the youths do not
have the financial goals and some don’t know how to set them.
They just spend money without a clear plan on what needs to be
achieved. As a result, they do not grow ability to overcome
poverty and dependency on loans. A person who is setting out
for a trip during the holidays should have included the trip in
the savings. This is because the savings will help reach the
goal. When such an expenditure is made without proper
planning, a person is likely to fall into a trap of financial crisis.
2.5.3 Make predictions about the future
Financial literacy helps people to determine what they want to
do in the future. people who are interested in a certain industry
will organize themselves financially, make the savings and start
their journey towards financial freedom. It is important for the
youths to know what they need to achieve their financial goals.
In most cases, the youths give up thinking they do not have
what it takes, yet they all nee the knowledge on how they can
achieve their goals. When people think about the successful
people in various industries, they wonder how they can get
there. However, it is through financial skills that they can
discover how people can grow their financial strength and
become successful.
When young people who have made mistakes want to become
successful again, the need to consult a financial expert. The
16. expert will train them on how to overcome the challenges they
have experienced before. In most cases, youths who have failed
before fear to try again since they do not have the strength or
the confidence to move on. They just need to be trained on how
to overcome various pitfalls and eventually become successful.
This makes it easy for them to attain financial freedom and live
the live they have always admired plus contribute to economic
growth of the country.
2.5.4 To measure and reassess progress
2.6 Financial Literacy
2.2.7 Empirical Review
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The chapter presents a discussion of the research methodology
to be use in the current study. The chapter focuses on research
design, the target population, data collection, sample design,
data analysis used in the current study.
3.2 Research Design
The research design entails the roadmap of how the research
will be carried out regarding data collection to be used to
address the research questions of the study. The research design
outlines the collection, measurement and data analysis. The
focus of the research design is to address the research problem
outlined. It outlines how the research will be carried out, the
hypothesis and how the final analysis of the data will be carried
out (Creswell, 2013).
The current study will employ a descriptive research design.
The descriptive research design enables a researcher to describe
the variables. The research is about the importance of financial
literacy among youth in Klang Valley. Surveys will be used
since they are effective tools while dealing with a large
population. According to Creswell (2013), surveys involve
collecting information from a group of a representative sample.
The data collection can be carried out through interviews or
17. questionnaires.
3.3 Target Population
Population refers to an entire group of events, things or people
a researcher is interested in for investigation. In research,
population refers to a collection of units a researcher intends to
collect data and draw conclusions from. The target population is
a core element of research design.
The research will focus on 100 youths in Klang Valley.
3.4 Sample Design
A sample design is referred as the architectural strategy used to
identify specific participants among the respondents (Cooper &
Schindler, 2011). The sample is used to represent the larger
population of the target group. The sampling is a systematic
selection of a limited number of respondents. The basis of using
a sample population is to draw conclusions from the specific
group.
The sample size in the study will comprise of youths from
Klang Valley. The sample population will be 100 youths in
Klang Valley.
3.5 Data Collection
The current study will use primary data. The research will
design and distribute structured questionnaires to be filled by
the respondents. The questionnaires will be distributed to the
100 youths in Klang Valley. Research assistants will be
involved in data collection, and they will help clarify any
question respondents may ask about the questionnaire. If the
respondents are unable to fill the questionnaires immediately,
the research assistants will pick them later using a strategy
called drop and pick later method.
The questions will be structured, and respondents will be
required to tick appropriately. A five-point Likert scale will be
used, and respondents will indicate their views on a scale of 1
to 5. The respondents will be served with a transmittal letter
from the university to prove the data is being collected only for
academic purposes.
3.6 Data Analysis
18. The data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, which
involves the measures of central tendency and dispersion.
Factor analysis will be used for effective data analysis. Mean
scores will be used to find out the importance of financial
literacy among youths in Klang Valley.
Multiple regressions will be used to determine the importance
of financial literacy among youths in Klang Valley. The
regression model to be used is illustrated below;
Y= Financial literacy
β0= Make sound financial decisions
X1= Set financial goals
X2= Make predictions about the future
X3= To measure and reassess progress
β1 -β4 are the regression co-efficient or change introduced in Y
by each independent variable
ε is the random error term accounting for all other variables on
importance of financial literacy but not captured in the model.
ANOVA test will be conducted to determine the level of
significance of the variance by the use of a one-Way ANOVA in
order to determine the existence of significant variations
between the variables.
References
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2017). How ordinary consumers
make complex economic decisions: Financial literacy and
retirement readiness. Quarterly Journal of Finance, 7(03),
1750008.
Fernandes, D., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Netemeyer, R. G. (2014).
Financial literacy, financial education, and downstream
financial behaviors. Management Science, 60(8), 1861-1883.
Gaudecker, H., & Von, M. (2015). How does household
portfolio diversification vary with financial literacy and
financial advice?. The Journal of Finance, 70(2), 489-507.
Hastings, J. S., Madrian, B. C., & Skimmyhorn, W. L. (2013).
Financial literacy, financial education, and economic outcomes.
19. Jappelli, T., & Padula, M. (2013). Investment in financial
literacy and saving decisions. Journal of Banking &
Finance, 37(8), 2779-2792.
Arora, R. (2016). Enhancement in Employee Skills and Benefits
to Employees and Organization with respect to CSR
Initiatives. JIM QUEST, 12(2), 39.
Ashwood, J. S., Briscombe, B., Ramchand, R., May, E., &
Burnam, M. A. (2015). Analysis of the Benefits and Costs of
CalMHSA's Investment in Applied Suicide Intervention Skills
Training (ASIST). Rand health quarterly, 5(2).
Falconier, M. K. (2015). Together–A couples’ program to
improve communication, coping, and financial management
skills: Development and initial pilot‐testing. Journal of marital
and family therapy, 41(2), 236-250.
Custódio, C., & Metzger, D. (2014). Financial expert CEOs:
CEO׳ s work experience and firm׳ s financial policies. Journal
of Financial Economics, 114(1), 125-154.
Ambuehl, S., Bernheim, B. D., Ersoy, F. Y., & Harris, D.
(2016). Social Transmission of Financial Decision Making
Skills. A Case of the Blind Leading the Blind?.
Appelqvist-Schmidlechner, K., Liski, A., Pankakoski, M.,
Solantaus, T., Ojala, T., Kampman, M., & Santalahti, P. (2016).
Together at school intervention programme. A pilot study on the
feasibility and perceived benefits of a programme focusing on
improving socio-emotional skills among schoolchildren in
Finland. International Journal of Mental Health
Promotion, 18(3), 127-143.
Gaines, A., Robb, C. A., Knol, L. L., & Sickler, S. (2014).
Examining the role of financial factors, resources and skills in
predicting food security status among college
students. International journal of consumer studies, 38(4), 374-
384.
Drexler, A., Fischer, G., & Schoar, A. (2014). Keeping it
simple: Financial literacy and rules of thumb. American
Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 6(2), 1-31.
20. ASSIGNMENT OUTLINE for Research Proposal Presentation
(15%) -COMPLETE ALREADY (This is the ppt attached)
Each student is required to present a proposal in class for 8
minutes, to include the following:
1. What is your research title?
2. Introduction: Overview of your research
area/scope/theoretical foundation/broad issues that inspire you
to research on the topic
3. Research Background: Industry/context
4. What is your Research Problem? Theoretical and Industry
problems you like to address
5. What are your research objectives?
6. What are your Research Significances? Theoretical and
practical significance
7. What are the main variables in your research? What are the
definitions of each variable?
8. What are your hypotheses? What are the theoretical and
empirical evidences for each hypothesis?
9. How do you measure each variable? Whose questionnaire
items or measurement scale you use?
10. Who are your respondents? Why them?
11. What are the analysis tools you will use to test the
hypotheses?
ASSIGNMENT OUTLINE for Research Proposal Report (15%)
- DUE TODAY
21. The Proposal should include:
· Chapter 1 Introduction
· Chapter 2 Literature Review and hypothesis development
· Chapter 3 Methodology
· a Sample Questionnaire/ Interview Guide/ Secondary Data
Extraction
Participation (20%)
· Research Topic and Problem Statement Presentation
7%
22. · Socrates Session
7%
· Class Participation (Summarize what has been learnt from
earlier class or videos - 1% per chip) 6%
Research Proposal Presentation Assessment Form (15%)
Name :
Matric
Date/Time:
Title:
1. Introduction
/1
2. Problem Statement:
/2
23. 3. Research Question:
/1
4. Significance of study:
/1
5. Main Variable definition:
/1
6. Hypotheses/propositions/literature review justifying
investigation of the said research questions:
/1
7. Measurements:
/1
8. Analysis Tools:
/1
9. Data Collection – Respondents, location, date
/1
10. Language
/2
11. Story line/overall presentation flow/clarity
/3
26. Delivery (format, storyline, flow, grammar, spelling)
2 %
Total
15%
1
Importance of Financial Literacy Among Youths in Klang
Valley
By
Kumar Subramaniam
Introduction
Financial education in Malaysia has not been addressed well
especially among youth between ages of 21 – 24 years ( Ibrahim
et al. 2009)
The financial education programs carried out before did not
address the specific issues since there are still high credit card
debts and university students lack positive cash management
practices by the time they start employment ( Ibrahim et al.
2009).
High school curriculum does not address how to effectively use
income regarding savings in the bank account, how to manage
credit cards, mortgages, mutual funds, social security, loans,
27. insurance and taxes
The young people form a large percentage of the people living
in Malaysia given that the median age of the population as of
2016 was 28 years (Dosm, 2016).
Cont’d
Youths who have acquired the financial skills will take
advantage of the opportunities in Klang Valley while those who
do not will miss out on the opportunities.
Money is an essential element in everyday life. Learning how to
earn, manage and grow finances is thus crucial for achieving
success, freedom and independence in life.
According to the MonsterTrak, 57% of the college students are
planning to move back in with their parents due to financial
difficulties
Another study by the National Foundation for Credit Counseling
has indicated 39% of the adults living in America have zero
non-retirement savings.
The shocking statistics indicate the lack of financial literacy
among youths.
Problem Statement
(Industry Gap)
According to the MonsterTrak, 57% of the college students are
planning to move back in with their parents due to financial
difficulties.
According to various studies, a high percentage of the high
school students are not prepared to handle finances when they
finally graduate.
The Student Monitor has indicated 62% of the graduates leave
school with an average $27,236 in student debt due to lack of
financial literacy.
In Malaysia, the World Bank survey found only 36% of its
28. citizens are financially literate.
Problem Statement
(Theoretical Gap)
Failure to address the specific skills needed daily by the
students when they finally graduate creates a problem since they
will start earning money without the skills on how to manage it
well.
If the youths knew how to manage finances, thy would grow
their savings, spend wisely and start acquiring assets at a young
age.
It will be important for the youths to learn about budgeting,
savings, spending, debt management, investment and spending
behavior.
This study will examine the importance of financial literacy
among youths in Klang valley.
Research Question
Objectives of the Study
To investigate the effect of financial literacy in making sound
financial decisions?
To investigate the impact of financial literacy in setting
financial goals?
To examine how financial literacy helps in making predictions
about the future?
To investigate how financial literacy helps in measuring and
reassessing financial progress?
Research Questions
How does financial literacy help in making sound financial
decisions?
29. How does financial literacy help in setting financial goals?
How does financial literacy help in making predictions about
the future?
How does financial literacy help in measuring and reassessing
financial progress?
Significance of the Study
(Theoretical Contribution)
The study findings will inform the policy makers on the need to
train the youths on financial literacy. The policy makers will
learn of the existing gaps in the education curriculum.
The findings of the study will inform the schools heads, bank
managers and heads of other institutions dealing with the youths
on the need to train them on financial skills
Academicians will have an in-depth understanding of the topic.
Students in the field of finance, accounting and economics will
use the study as a resourceful material in the course of their
learning.
Significance of the Study(Practical Contribution)
Malaysia plans to be one of the leading economies in the world.
There are different efforts put to achieve the goal.
The youths remain critical in the economic progress of Klang
Valley in Malaysia. The study will thus inform the policy
makers on the need to train the youths on financial literacy. The
policy makers will learn of the existing gaps in the education
curriculum.
The study will encourage other researchers to research more on
financial literacy among the youths. Academicians will have an
in-depth understanding of the topic. Students in the field of
finance, accounting and economics will use the study as a
30. resourceful material in the course of their learning.
The study will increase the engagement among policy makers,
the government and researchers and raise awareness on financial
literacy.
Variables Making sound financial decisions
Setting financial goalsMaking predictions about the future
Measuring and assessing financial progress
According to a study by Financial Literacy Foundation (FLF,
2007), only 47% of people budget for their daily
expensesAustralian Securities and Investments Commission
(ASIC) shows youths between the age of 16-25 have a high risk
of making financial mistakesA survey indicates few people
would retire on their own savingsNational Longitudinal Survey
of Youth shows less than 27% of the youths understand
concepts such as inflation.by Financial Literacy Foundation
shows 17% of the people who are employed could survive in
case they had a financial emergency. 27% of the people find it
hard to keep some money aside for purchasing assetsAccording
to a report by Malaysia Department of Insolvency people who
went bankrupt were between the age of 20 and 30. Bank Negara
Malaysia has already noted a gap in the financial capability of
the clients
Conceptual Framework
Making sound financial decisions
Setting financial goals
Financial Literacy
Making predictions about the future
Measuring and reassessing progress
H1
H3
H2
31. H4
Resource dependence theory
Resource dependence theory
Resource based theory
Resource dependence theory
Hypothesis
Financial literacy helps in making sound financial decisions
Financial literacy help in setting financial goals
Financial literacy help in making predictions about the future
Financial literacy help in measuring and assessing financial
progress
Youths gain skills on how to make financial skills regarding
loans, savings and budgeting
Youths set clear goals on retirement plans, buying assets and
funding businesses
Youths can forecast the future trends regarding inflation and
fluctuation of prices
Youths can assess their financial growth when they have the
financial skills
Methodology
1. Research design
Quantitative research design
2. Population of the study
Targeting to interview 100 youths from Klang Valley
The 100 youths will comprise of 50 youths who are in school
and 50 who are working.
3. Sample size
Should the results of the interview be homogenous, the sample
size will be 48 (n=48) otherwise it will be expanded to 60
(n=60)
32. Cont.…
4. Sampling technique
Non-probability sampling technique will be used
5. Data collection
In-depth interviews using semi-structured questions will be used
It will take three weeks.
Measurement TableVariableQuestionsTarget
groupJustificationReferencesMaking sound financial decisions
What financial decisions do you make?
How effective are you in making the decisions?Youths who are
workingYouths who are earning make financial dailyBabiarz &
Robb (2014)Measuring and assessing financial progress
Have you seen any progress in your finances?
Do you plan to improve your financial skills?Youths who are
working
Youths who are employed can assess their financial
progressIdris et al., (2017)
Measurement TableVariableQuestionsTarget
groupJustificationReferencesMaking predictions about the
future
How do you plan to manage finances in future?Youths who are
in school
The youths in high school have predictions on how they will
manage money once they get employedBoisclair et al.,
(2017)Setting financial goals
What are your financial goals?
33. 2. How do you plan to achieve the goals?Youths who are in
school
The youths in school have goals on what they would like to
achieve in futureIdris et al., (2017)