Run Ons
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Run-ons occur when two complete thoughts are joined without proper punctuation or conjunction. There are two main types: fused sentences which have no punctuation between thoughts, and comma splices which incorrectly use only a comma. To correct run-ons, one can use a period and capital letter to separate thoughts, a comma with a conjunction, a semicolon alone or with a transition word, or subordinate one thought. Reading sentences aloud can help identify run-ons.
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Avoiding run onscommasplicesfragmentsjuly08
This document provides guidance on identifying and correcting run-on sentences and sentence fragments. It defines complete sentences, run-on sentences, and sentence fragments. Strategies are presented for correcting run-on sentences, such as using periods, coordinating conjunctions, semicolons, or subordinating clauses. Sample sentences are given with explanations of the errors and corrections. Practice activities with answer keys allow the reader to apply the concepts and improve sentence structure skills.
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Run Ons
- 2. What are Run-Ons? Two complete thoughts (independent clauses) are run together with no adequate sign given to mark the break between them.
- 3. Types of Run-Ons Run-ons that have no punctuation to mark the break between thoughts are fused sentences: they are joined together as if only one thought. Ex. My grades are good my social life gets a C.
- 4. Types of Run-Ons Run-ons that use a comma to connect two complete thoughts are a comma splice. Ex. My grades are good, my social life gets a C. A comma alone is not strong enough to connect two complete thoughts (independent clauses). A stronger, clearer mark is needed between two thoughts.
- 5. Comma Splices Comma splices can also occur when two or more independent clauses are separated by a comma and a coordinating adverb, instead of by a coordinating conjunction. Ex. Jim studied for the test, therefore he passed. Conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for, so, & yet.
- 6. Words that Lead to Run-ons People often write run-ons when the second thought begins with one of these words… I, you, he, she, it, we, they, there, this, that, now, then, next. Be on the alert for run-ons when you use these words!
- 7. Correcting Run-ons Method 1. Period and a capital letter. For fused sentences, locate where the major break is between thoughts. Place a period in-between thoughts. Make the first letter of the first word in the second thought a capital letter. Ex. My grades are good. My social life gets a C.
- 8. Method 2. Comma and a joining word. Use a comma and a joining word (conjunction). And- In addition to, along with. But- Yet, however, on the other hand, just the opposite, except. For- Because*, the reason why, the cause of something. So- As a result, therefore. Ex. My grades are good, but my social life gets a C.
- 9. Method 3. Semicolon ( ; ) Use a semicolon to mark the break between thoughts. A semicolon is known as a strong comma. The semicolon may be used alone. Ex. It rained all week; the highway was flooded.
- 11. Read the sentence aloud & listen for a break to indicate two complete thoughts. Your voice will probably drop and pause at a break. Read the paper aloud from last sentence to first. This will help you hear and see each complete thought.