The document discusses the purpose and design of the Ruby programming language according to its creator Yukihiro Matsumoto. It was designed to make programmers happy by allowing them to focus on the creative side of programming. A programming language should follow the principles of user interface design. The document also provides an overview of the Ruby on Rails web framework, describing its creator, initial release, and current version. It notes that Rails applications are developed by installing necessary gems, using a development server, and following testing methodologies like TDD and BDD.