This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of role-playing games (RPGs). It begins with definitions of RPGs and discusses their origins in war games in the 19th century. It then outlines key developments in the 1970s including the release of Dungeons & Dragons, the first commercially successful RPG, and other influential early RPGs. The document discusses the negative reaction to RPGs in the 1980s led by groups like BADD. It concludes by summarizing computer RPGs and some notable RPGs released in later decades that expanded the genre.
Prediction and planning for self driving at waymoYu Huang
ChauffeurNet: Learning To Drive By Imitating The Best Synthesizing The Worst
Multipath: Multiple Probabilistic Anchor Trajectory Hypotheses For Behavior Prediction
VectorNet: Encoding HD Maps And Agent Dynamics From Vectorized Representation
TNT: Target-driven Trajectory Prediction
Large Scale Interactive Motion Forecasting For Autonomous Driving : The Waymo Open Motion Dataset
Identifying Driver Interactions Via Conditional Behavior Prediction
Peeking Into The Future: Predicting Future Person Activities And Locations In Videos
STINet: Spatio-temporal-interactive Network For Pedestrian Detection And Trajectory Prediction
Disampaikan dalam FGD Korlantas Polri - FH UGM 18/10/2018 di Yogyakarta.
Sistem transport cerdas. Komponen teknologi yang mendudukung, aplikasi dan penegakan hukum lalu lintas yg diotomasikan
Prediction and planning for self driving at waymoYu Huang
ChauffeurNet: Learning To Drive By Imitating The Best Synthesizing The Worst
Multipath: Multiple Probabilistic Anchor Trajectory Hypotheses For Behavior Prediction
VectorNet: Encoding HD Maps And Agent Dynamics From Vectorized Representation
TNT: Target-driven Trajectory Prediction
Large Scale Interactive Motion Forecasting For Autonomous Driving : The Waymo Open Motion Dataset
Identifying Driver Interactions Via Conditional Behavior Prediction
Peeking Into The Future: Predicting Future Person Activities And Locations In Videos
STINet: Spatio-temporal-interactive Network For Pedestrian Detection And Trajectory Prediction
Disampaikan dalam FGD Korlantas Polri - FH UGM 18/10/2018 di Yogyakarta.
Sistem transport cerdas. Komponen teknologi yang mendudukung, aplikasi dan penegakan hukum lalu lintas yg diotomasikan
Slides on Alternate Reality Games (ARGs) from a guest lecture at the IS Research on Games course. The lecture introduces the concepts behind ARGs, reviews the related history and inspirations, and poses questions about the current state of ARGs.
The Thomas and Martha Wayne Memorial Comic Book Quiz
conducted by Jaikaran Mansingh and Sriram Gonakoti during Vibes '14, the annual literary event of KMC,Manipal.
The Comics and Cartoons Quiz- NSIT Quiz Fest 2015nsitqc
The Comics and Cartoons Quiz at the NSIT Quiz Fest 2015, conducted by the NSIT Quiz Club from 20th-22nd March. See the videos and audios for the questions here- http://goo.gl/Cv1yzP
Here is the Buzzer Quiz from Saarang 2015, IITM's cultural fest, set by Vishal Katariya, Shankar Narayanan and Nithin Ramesan. We hope you enjoy going through it!
The Thomas and Martha Wayne Memorial Comic Book Quiz
conducted by Jaikaran Mansingh and Sriram Gonakoti during Vibes '14, the annual literary event of KMC,Manipal.
This is a story about I created the setting for my Fantasy Fiction Novels. Preparing a fantasy world for game creation, novels, or even movies may use my processes. Anyone may employ this Powerpoint presentation.
From basement to boardroom, fantasy role playing game Dungeons & Dragons has become a cultural icon for the millions who play, and big business in the publishing world. This talk takes you on a journey into the world of D&D and how playing it can help you strategize like a level 20 wizard.
This is the presentation I gave at Ropecon 2019 on the history of the game, its influence on Modern gaming, and its continuing support by the gaming community despite the fact that there has been no official support for it in 10 years. I explore the design decisions that led to the continued longevity of the game system and its support by a passionate fanbase.
A history of Monoply, and why it is actually a fascinating game that arose out of an interesting socio-economic problem. Presented by Danny Day at the Make Games South Africa meet up in Cape Town on 26 June 2013. A video of the presentation can be found here: http://youtu.be/whVoxmySt1s
History of Games: From Dice to ComputersRoger Smith
This is a history of the evolution of games beginning with dice and proceeding to computer games. It was created for a military simulation and serious games audience, so has that specific bias.
Because of the heavy use of graphics, it is a very large file - about 67MB. I am sharing it for others to use as an educational resource.
Slides on Alternate Reality Games (ARGs) from a guest lecture at the IS Research on Games course. The lecture introduces the concepts behind ARGs, reviews the related history and inspirations, and poses questions about the current state of ARGs.
The Thomas and Martha Wayne Memorial Comic Book Quiz
conducted by Jaikaran Mansingh and Sriram Gonakoti during Vibes '14, the annual literary event of KMC,Manipal.
The Comics and Cartoons Quiz- NSIT Quiz Fest 2015nsitqc
The Comics and Cartoons Quiz at the NSIT Quiz Fest 2015, conducted by the NSIT Quiz Club from 20th-22nd March. See the videos and audios for the questions here- http://goo.gl/Cv1yzP
Here is the Buzzer Quiz from Saarang 2015, IITM's cultural fest, set by Vishal Katariya, Shankar Narayanan and Nithin Ramesan. We hope you enjoy going through it!
The Thomas and Martha Wayne Memorial Comic Book Quiz
conducted by Jaikaran Mansingh and Sriram Gonakoti during Vibes '14, the annual literary event of KMC,Manipal.
This is a story about I created the setting for my Fantasy Fiction Novels. Preparing a fantasy world for game creation, novels, or even movies may use my processes. Anyone may employ this Powerpoint presentation.
From basement to boardroom, fantasy role playing game Dungeons & Dragons has become a cultural icon for the millions who play, and big business in the publishing world. This talk takes you on a journey into the world of D&D and how playing it can help you strategize like a level 20 wizard.
This is the presentation I gave at Ropecon 2019 on the history of the game, its influence on Modern gaming, and its continuing support by the gaming community despite the fact that there has been no official support for it in 10 years. I explore the design decisions that led to the continued longevity of the game system and its support by a passionate fanbase.
A history of Monoply, and why it is actually a fascinating game that arose out of an interesting socio-economic problem. Presented by Danny Day at the Make Games South Africa meet up in Cape Town on 26 June 2013. A video of the presentation can be found here: http://youtu.be/whVoxmySt1s
History of Games: From Dice to ComputersRoger Smith
This is a history of the evolution of games beginning with dice and proceeding to computer games. It was created for a military simulation and serious games audience, so has that specific bias.
Because of the heavy use of graphics, it is a very large file - about 67MB. I am sharing it for others to use as an educational resource.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
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Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Experience the thrill of Progressive Puzzle Adventures, like Scavenger Hunt Games and Escape Room Activities combined Solve Treasure Hunt Puzzles online.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
Create a Seamless Viewing Experience with Your Own Custom OTT Player.pdfGenny Knight
As the popularity of online streaming continues to rise, the significance of providing outstanding viewing experiences cannot be emphasized enough. Tailored OTT players present a robust solution for service providers aiming to enhance their offerings and engage audiences in a competitive market. Through embracing customization, companies can craft immersive, individualized experiences that effectively hold viewers' attention, entertain them, and encourage repeat usage.
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
The teleprotection market size has grown
exponentially in recent years. It will grow from
$21.92 billion in 2023 to $28.11 billion in 2024 at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2%. The
teleprotection market size is expected to see
exponential growth in the next few years. It will grow
to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
2. What is RPG?
• Role-Playing Game
• a game in which players take on the roles of imaginary
characters, usually in a setting created by a referee, and
thereby vicariously experience the imagined adventures of
these characters (Oxford English Dictionary)
• a game in which players assume the roles of fictional
characters and collaboratively create stories. Players determine
the actions of their characters based on their characterization,
and the actions succeed or fail according to a system of rules
and guidelines. Within the rules, players can improvise freely;
their choices shape the direction and outcome of the games.
(Encyclopædia Britannica)
4. War games (19th Century)
• Sumer - idea of simulating battles without the
personal hazards
• Prussia – contemporary war games originated
• Kriegspiel – a game that introduced the ideas of
arranging markers on a "sand table", and using a
dice to determine any random elements in the
battle
5. War games
• H.G. Wells – grandfather of war games
- published a set of amateur wargaming rules in a book
entitled Little Wars (“wargamers’ bible”)
- first to suggest that miniature figures be collected to
represent respective forces, to add flavour, and a
sense of involvement, to the game
• Charles Roberts – released the first
commercially available “board” war game
6.
7. Wargames (60’s)
• peak of popularity of wargaming (no longer a
game, it was already an industry)
• 1996 - Lord of the Rings was released in full
-
No longer did players want to recreate the battle of
Gettysburg, but the battle of Helm’s Deep. The Napoleonic
Wars were discarded in favour of the War of the Ring, goblins
and orcs replaced foot soldiers and calvalry. People wanted to
know just how much damage a Balrog could do, and what the
range was on a lightning bolt spell.
8.
9. War games
• Chainmail - a wargame that gave an accurate
model of most aspects of medieval warfare
created by Gygax and Perren
- Arneson and Gygax combined their ideas which
resulted to the first true role-playing game ever
- Immediate predecessor of Dungeons and Dragons
10.
11. Dungeons and Dragons (1974)
• Dungeons and Dragons – first commercially
available role-playing game
- popularised many of the RPG conventions that are
still being used today, such as character classes and
abilities, races, experience and hit points (EXP and
HP), levelling up, and turn-based combat.
- set in a fantasy world populated by elves, dwarves,
and dragons.
12.
13. Dungeons and Dragons
• “It was about characters, choices, and stories; it was about
experiencing fantastical adventures through a brand-new kind
of collaborative, improvisational storytelling. Players became at
the same time script-writers and actors of their own roles;
whereas a reader of a book or a viewer of a movie always
remained a passive observer, a player at a D&D game was
constantly called upon to make choices that propelled the
action. Compared to the role-playing dimension of D&D, the
stats and battles were only minor aspects.” (Alex Kierkegaard)
14. Tunnels and Trolls (1975)
• According to legend, Ken St Andre, writer of Tunnels and Trolls
(or T&T), actually came up with his idea of a role-playing game
independently of Gygax and Arneson. He had even chosen a
name similar to that of D&D, and was horrified to find, when he
began to try and sell his game, that he had been resoundingly
beaten to the punch.
• Second-generation product of D&D
• Characters have six similar stats, plus a similar choice of
classes and the settings and adventure formats are
practically identical
15. Tunnels and Trolls
Tunnels and Trolls
• Simple rules
• Six-sided dice rolls handle
almost everything
• Had sense of humor
Dungeons and Dragons
• Complicated rules
• Seven multi-sided dice
• Serious
• T&T was the first major competition of D&D
• However it was always considered “Number Two”
16.
17. Chivalry and Sorcery (1976)
• Created by Ed Simbalist and Wilf Backhaus
• Most complicated RPG ever designed
• Rules and style are designed to recreate France in
the late 12th century
• Tried to do too much (race, age, sex, height, frame,
alignment, horoscope, mental health, social class,
birth order, family status and your father's occupation)
with many calculated statistics and vague skill system
all just for character creation
18. Chivalry and Sorcery
• Too realistic (Clerics had to
preach sermons, knights had to
spend hours of play trying get
enough money just to buy their
swords, and playing a magic
user required so much time and
effort to collect ingredients,
study spells and perform the
rituals, that there was no time
left to go adventuring.)
19. Empire of the Petal Throne (1975)
• designed by M. A. R. Barker
- a game where the system and setting work together
to produce a world that not only felt alive, but felt like
you were living in it. (religious and political)
- Players were Tsemels (warrior-cardinals) leading a
holy war against their heretical neighbours
• Did not became popular because it was too
complex and powerful for gamers to handle
20.
21. 1970s
• StarFaring (St Andre, 1976) – first SF RPG
• Metamorphosis Alpha from TSR (1977)
• Starships & Spacemen (Fantasy Games
Unlimited, 1978)
22. Traveller by Mark Miller
• Briliiantly designed and presented new ideas
- skill system was the best the industry had yet
produced and became a model for many years to
come
- rejected a class or occupation system - characters
simply rolled to see what skills they had learnt during
their life in the military
- the rules allowed not just for the creation of countries,
or planets, but whole solar systems
23. Traveller
• its release occurred at approximately the same
time as the release of Star Wars
- flexible and straightforward rules and its open ended
setting
- first pick for the role-playing fans
- Huge market success
24.
25. RuneQuest (1978)
• Greg Stafford began designing
Glorantha, the world in which
RuneQuest is set, as the
background for a board game
called White Bear and Red
Moon (1966)
• Steve Perrin, Ray Turney and
others decided to create a roleplaying game set in Glorantha
26. RuneQuest
• Second game to use skills
• Invented the idea of the critical success/failure, and
introduced the possibility of skill improvement through
training rather than experience (e.g.: in order for mages
to increase their power, they had to earn favour and
privelige in their particular rune cult - usually by running
errands or going on quests.)
• intertwined a frighteningly realistic world with an
excitingly realistic system
28. 1979
• James Dallas Egbert III ran away from college, with the intention
of killing himseld
- He left a confused note that mentioned the steam tunnels
under the university, and the game Dungeons and Dragons, of
which James was an avid and obsessive player
- Through irresponsible journalism, and a confusion by the
authorities, it was publicised that D&D was responsible for
Dallas' disappearance
- First “D&D suicide”
- Egbert was facing extreme pressure as a child prodigy (he
was 16), was an alleged drug addict, and was highly mentally
unstable.
29. • With reports that the steam tunnels were the site
of "live" D&D games, the story rapidly grew out of
hand until it caught the media and D&D became a
dangerous, cult-like obsession that was a "threat
to your children"
30. 1982
• Irving “Bink” Pulling took his
own life with the loaded pistol
his mother kept in the house
- suffered from chronic
depression, isolation and mental
instability
- His mother blamed his death on
D&D and used it as a scapegoat
31. BADD (1984)
• Pat Pulling accused a teacher at Irving’s school of
killing her son, by placing a "curse" on him during
the course of playing D&D
- She filed a case to the court about the matter but was
immediately dismissed
- Formed the society Bothered About Dungeons and
Dragons (BADD) and began a war of propaganda
against role-playing games
32. BADD
• Pulling involved BADD in the trial of Darren
Molitor
- was being tried for the murder of a young girl which
allegedly occurred while he was acting out a
Halloween joke
- convinced the defence to argue on Molitor's lack of
culpability due to the influence of D&D which was
dismissed irrelevant
- BADD was also able to convince Molitor of the
game's control over his actions
33. BADD
• BADD also campaigned to the Consumer
Product and Safety Commision to have
warning labels placed on RPGs
- Rejected
- Acquired a private investigation license
and attracted the support of psychologist
Dr Thomas Radecki
- Wrote “The Devil’s Web,” a fictional work
about a teenager being lured into the
occult through role-playing
34. BADD (1987-1990)
• After BADD petitioned the Safety Commision,
the Game Manufacturing Association
(GAMA) carried out their own studies
- also commissioned Michael Stackpole to investigate
BADD and Pulling which exposed the spurious and
manipulative methods used by BADD that led to the
discrediting of the propaganda
35. The effects of BADD
• Many schools banned RPGs, churches
condemned them and shops stopped carrying
them
• Gaming stores were often forced to close and
more than one small company went bankrupt
• BADDs propoganda was able to convince
thousands - possibly even millions - that roleplaying was dangerous and evil.
36. TSR
• Made the transformation into merchandising
better
• Released the Advanced system for D&D
• Invested the Role-Playing Games Association
(RPGA) to help unite gamers across the US
37. The Dragonlance Chronicles
• the first fantasy series to feature on the New York
Times' Best Seller list
• turned TSR into a major paperback publisher
and made Larry Elmore a household name.
38. AD&D (1989)
• richest, most popular and most
powerful game in the world
• TSR always ran itself as a
corporation, treating their games as
merchandisable product.
- also used their money and power to
take gaming to new levels of fame and
fortune, and thus are responsible for
bringing RPGs to more people than all
the other games put together.
39. 1980
• superhero comics enjoyed a powerful upturn in
popularity and presence, culminating in the big
movie cross-overs towards the end of the decade
which led to the industry of superhero games
40. Champions (1982)
• Developed by Hero Games
• encouraged imaginative character creation,
so that players could carve out their own,
unique superhero instead of using popular
heroes which were licensed to Marvel and
DC
• provided a well designed and fairly
universal system which stressed the
players using their own imaginations.
• first game to showcase an entirely pointsbased character creation system
41. GURPS
• Made by Steve Jackson
• Originally Great Unnamed Role-Playing System
but was changed to Generic Universal RolePlaying System under Steve Jackson Games.
• Universal (allowed gamers the luxury of always
having a system, no matter what game they want
to play)
42. West End Games (WEG)
• most prolific producers of licensed games
• Ghostbusters, Indiana Jones, and Star Wars
(best licensed game ever created)
• Star Wars used a simple D6-based system, which
had originated from Ghostbusters, and eventually
evolved into the award-winning generic system
known as "D6"
43. Palladium Games
• TMNT, Robotech, Palladium Fantasy, and eroes
Unlimited.
• created a generic “world” which could be used
with any setting by the combination of many
dimensions
44. Call of Cthulhu (1981)
• comes from a series of deeply horrifying short stories
written by H.P. Lovecraft at the beginning of this century
- Centers around the Old Ones, ancient and god-like
aliens who exist just beyond the scientific world of postVictorian New England
- Sandy Peterson, staff of Chaosium, decided to turn
Cthulhu into a game
- CoC's rules balance the needs of both game and story in a
way that has arguably never been beaten.
45.
46. Aftermath (1981)
• Fantasy games Unlimited
• presented for once a more realistically
bleak post-apocalyptic world, and
reinforced it with equally brutal rules
- Players were still pretty powerful and the
games were very combat-oriented, but
here you were battling for food, or
shelter, or just to stay alive. The rules
made the players have to fight every step
of the way, with equipment, allies and
safe ground all very scarce
47. Bushido
• gave an enthralling and realistic view of
roleplaying in Feudal Japan
• historic setting was reinforced throughout,
from mechanics, to NPCs, to adventure
archetypes, with extensive use of
Japanese names encouraging the feel of
things
• tweaked the experience system, such that
it required players to act in ways suitable of
their class and standing in the Nippon
society
48. Toon (1984)
• West End Games
• set in the universe (and mindset) of Warner
Brothers-type cartoons, complete with falling
anvils
• one of the first free-form, rules-light games,
another revolutionary step.
49. Paranoia
• Dan Gelber and Eric Goldberg
• death is meaningless because each player has several
clones of herself in case one is damaged
• PCs are special agents of the Big Brother-esque
Computer, chosen to undertake the most dangerous task
of rooting out traitors
• plays this frightening world for laughs, hamming up the
dark patches to produce a game as funny as Toon, but
also more subtle and with a dash of political satire.
• only game that is based solely on the PCs working
against each other
50.
51. Other games
• Ars Magica (Lion Rampant, 1985)
• Warhammer Fantasy RolePlay
• Amber (based on the novels by Roger Zelazny)
and Everway – uses cards instead of dice
• TORG (West End Games, 1990) - used both
cards and dice in its universal system
52. Gaming Workshop
• John Peake, Ian Livingstone and Steve Jackson
• Jackson and Livingstone published the very first
Fighting Fantasy Game Book entitled The
Warlock of Firetop Mountain, an ingenious
attempt to write a solo roleplaying experience in a
novel form
• released the boardgame Talisman
53. Ultima Series
• Ultima 1 was released in black and white in 1980,
and was followed by seven sequels, each game
making use of the cutting edge technology at its
time
• One of the most popular computer RPGs
54. Strategic Simulations
Incorporated (SSI)
• Dragonlance Series
• setting was torn straight from the pages of TSR's
phenomenally successful Dragonlance series
• gameplay was a close model of an AD&D game
• Pools of Radiance
• you roll your characters' attributes, chose a class and a name,
bought equipment, and then went adventuring, gaining
experience and levels with each victory
• improved on Heroes of the Lance, being even more
entertaining and bringing roleplaying to the computer at an
unprecedented level.
55. MUD
• Multi-User Dungeon
• simultaneous online roleplaying
• internet-chat environment adds an important social
element to the adventure game
• Roy Turbshaw and Richard Bartle
• With the growth of the internet, MUDs have
proliferated to the point of omnipresence. Some
are free, some very expensive, some use
graphics, some text, and they run the gamut of all
genres, settings and styles
56. Mobile games (1989)
• Mobile gaming were introduced earlier but
became more popular through the introduction of
the Gameboy in 1989
• Later models were introduced such as the
Gameboy SP and Gameboy Advance.
• Some of the famous games played on a
Gameboy were Pokemon, Final Fantasy 1 and 2,
and Snake(the one were you get to play as
“Snake’ not as an animal snake).
57. 1990s
• William Gibson revolutionised science fiction with
Neuromancer
• GURPS CyperPunk
• onfiscated in a Secret Service raid on the GURPS
office, because it was thought to be "a handbook for
computer crime“
• Steampunk
• shifts the same dark themes to a world of Victorian
Europe
58. Vampire: The Masquerade (1991)
• Mark Rein-Hagen
• Captured the unearthly horror of Cthulhu, the
gritty, paranoid, dark edge of cyberpunk, plus it
featured super-powered unearthly heroes which
were still the popular trend and tapped directly
into the Gothic subculture
59.
60. Collectible Card Game
• Magic: The Gathering
• Richard Garfield
• first Collectible Card Game
• CCGs proved more resilient, but they too have
dropped in popularity
• RPG industry suffered a serious decline in sales
61.
62. • Wizards of the Coast announced in 1996 that they
were dropping their entire RPG line to concentrate
purely on selling CCGs
• TSR, the biggest, oldest and most venerated
company of them all, went into bankruptcy
• West End Games, another giant, soon went the
same way, and so was the nature of the times
• old standards like Steve Jackson Games, Chaosium,
White Wolf and WotC/TSR continue to produce their
high quality lines
63. 1994 - 2001
• In 1994 the Play Station 1, a new gaming console
was introduced wherein again RPG games
takeover
• Later on 2001 the XBOX was invented.
• RPG games on this platform were now more high
in graphics
64. 2005-The PSP
• A new kind of mobile gaming was introduced by
SONY with the PSP(Play Station Portable). The
games here were like the ones on Play Station,
but now made portable.
65. Present Time
• Nowadays RPG games can now be played on
virtually anything. It can be played on an Ipad/phone/pod, Android tablets and etc.
• However RPG games are now rich in science.
Some games are either more realistic or more on
imagination or fantasy and impossibilities.
73. Difference with other genres:
• Adventure – Unlike adventure games, RPG’s
don’t usually involve puzzle solving and exploring
a big world instead, its main focus is physical
challenge and combat is its primary activity.
• Strategy – Players of strategy games are often
forced to use their decision-making skills in
determining the outcome of the game. These
kinds of games usually require critical thinking to
win the game.
74. • Shooter - The main goal of these kinds of games
is to test the speed of the player and his/her
reaction time to things unlike RPG’s wherein you
are not that required to be fast and accurate while
playing. A common thing used in these games
are ammunition (ammo’s) and long range
weapons like guns or other weapons which
require precise aiming to be effective. Its main
point is to shoot, kill and stay alive.
75. • Action – Unlike RPG’s, the main point of action
game is to control a character throughout a level
and fight his way to the end avoiding some
obstacles, picking up items on the way, killing
guards or enemies and usually fighting a hard
enemy or boss at the end of the level. It’s not like
RPG’s wherein you have a party with their
different roles and fight your way to the end
chapters after chapters.
76. • Sports – Obviously, RPG’s are different from
sports. Sports are just a virtual reality of the
different sports out there so even if you don’t
know how to play a certain sport, in these kinds of
games, you will learn how easily and without
even spending hundreds or thousands of money.
78. Super Columbine Massacre RPG!
• Based on the 1999 shooting in
Colorado where 13 people died
and 21 were injured
• plays the role of the shooters who
plant bombs throughout the
Columbine High School
• was initially accepted, then later
rejected from the Guerilla
Gamemaker Competition at the
2007 Slamdance Film Festival
79. Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion
• ESRB (Entertainment
Software Ratings Board )
rated T with target audience
13+
• but due to a mod that made
characters nude, ESRB
changed the rating to M
80. RapeLay
• role of a man who stalks, molests, and then
forces himself upon three women in explicit,
graphic detail.
• Released in Japan in 2006 and sold as hentai
aka X Rated game meant for adults only
• became controversial in 2009 when found
available on amazon
• called for tightening the regulations for v.game
sales