This document discusses frameworks and alternative approaches to object-oriented programming and testing. It argues that frameworks do a lot but alternatives like simple object orientation, inversion of control, and message-based testing can achieve similar results without as much complexity. An example is provided of testing account transactions without directly touching the account object by sending it messages in different scenarios and checking the outcomes. The document questions if frameworks are always needed and presents alternatives for developing and testing code through lighter-weight object practices and external messaging.