This research report investigated the role of textbooks in teaching English as a second language in public secondary schools in Karachi, Pakistan. The researchers conducted a survey of teachers and student teachers to understand how textbooks are currently being used and their effectiveness. The findings showed that the textbooks are not adequately supporting the development of listening and speaking skills, have outdated content, and do not address the needs of modern society. The report recommended that textbooks be improved by integrating all language skills, using more contemporary topics, providing clear grammar instruction, and enhancing the visual presentation of materials. Overall, the research concluded that while textbooks can be an important tool, the ones currently used in Karachi's public schools require revisions to better facilitate English language acquisition.
28681752 english-language-teaching-and-learning-in-bangladeshMuhammad Arif
This thesis examines English language teaching and learning at the Alim level in madrashas in Bangladesh. It identifies problems in areas like textbooks, teaching methods, teacher quality, and lack of facilities. Surveys of 1000 students and 25 teachers from 24 madrashas provide data. Key findings show issues with materials, syllabus, unengaging lessons, and inadequate focus on speaking skills. Suggestions target improvements by the madrasha and NCTB boards around cooperative learning and oral competency development. The study aims to enhance English education at this level.
Observations of Teacher-Student Interactions in VietnamAJSERJournal
Every day, teachers make dozens of interactions with students to make sure that the students can achieve
their learning goals effectively. Classroom practices with teacher-student interactions not only help teachers build a
good working environment but also assist students in forming their responsibility for learning. This paper points out the
limitation of Vietnamese teacher-student interactions in the classroom and then suggest several solutions to this
problem
Effects of Team Teaching on Students’ Academic Achievement In English Languag...iosrjce
:This study examined the effects of Team Teaching Approach (TTA) on the achievement of students in
English language comprehension and how the effects vary across gender. The study employed non randomized
pretest-posttest control group quasi experimental design. Intact classes were therefore assigned to the
experimental and control groups. The population consisted of 5,171 senior secondary two students made up of
2,407 males and 2,764 females in Onitsha education zone of Anambra State. A total of 189 students (97 males
and 92 females) randomly selected from four public secondary schools constituted the sample. Two of the
schools selected were used as experimental group while the other two were used as the control group. Two
research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Data were collected with one comprehension
passage. Data generated were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions
while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. The major findings showed that the
students taught English language comprehension with team teaching approach achieved significantly higher
than those of the control group who were taught with single teacher teaching approach. The female students in
TTA group achieved significantly higher than their male counterparts Based on the finding of this study, it was
recommended that team teaching approach should be adopted as a more effective approach to teaching and
learning English language comprehension in public secondary schools to enhance academic achievement of
students in the subject.
2014 09 09 BAICE: Supporting development through improving English language t...Tom Power
Explores issues of quality and scale in relation to Teacher Education and Educational Technology, in International Development Contexts. Whereas most programmes use small scale 'boutique' approaches, or large-scale cascades with little impact on practice, EIA has developed a school-based, mobile-learning-enhanced teacher development programme, capable of large scale and high impact. Results from the current large scale research programme are presented.
This document discusses the use of lecture as a teaching strategy for language classes. It argues that lecture is a dominant method used in Pakistani colleges but has limitations for teaching English as a language. While lecture is effective for content-based subjects, it is problematic for language classes because it does not promote active student participation or development of communication skills. The document reviews literature on different teaching methods and finds inconclusive evidence about the superiority of any single method. It concludes that lecture can be improved through innovative techniques and technologies, but may not be optimal for developing language proficiency.
Te 7- METHODS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AND THE THE POST METHODMagdy Aly
This thesis explores how ESL teachers and TESL teacher educators understand language teaching methodology in the post-method era through narratives of their pedagogical experiences. Seven ESL teachers participated in interviews about their educational backgrounds, approaches to teaching, and views on professional development. Classroom observations and follow-up interviews were also conducted with five teachers. The research examines how teachers learn to teach and implement methods based on their own knowledge and principles rather than a single prescribed method.
Many students find it hard to acquire and convey messages due to the lack of mastery in vocabulary. Since vocabulary plays a major role as the basic requirement to learning a language, its mastery became vital in learning English. On the other hand, lack of vocabulary impedes students’ understanding in reading comprehension texts especially in second language classrooms. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to obtain information regarding the effectiveness of using flip book in increasing Year 3 pupils’ mastery of vocabulary in English. This study investigated the use of flip book approach in helping the students to improve vocabulary through fun and meaningful learning. 15 participants were involved in the action research who were selected from a suburban school in Malaysia. Survey, written documents and field notes were used as the medium of data collection. The results showed significant positive changes in the performance of the students from time to time. Flip book approach was found to help the weak students who faced problems in understanding the meaning of the vocabulary taught in the classrooms. This study suggests that students need to enhance the mastery of the vocabulary in order to have a good grasp of the language including the four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.
28681752 english-language-teaching-and-learning-in-bangladeshMuhammad Arif
This thesis examines English language teaching and learning at the Alim level in madrashas in Bangladesh. It identifies problems in areas like textbooks, teaching methods, teacher quality, and lack of facilities. Surveys of 1000 students and 25 teachers from 24 madrashas provide data. Key findings show issues with materials, syllabus, unengaging lessons, and inadequate focus on speaking skills. Suggestions target improvements by the madrasha and NCTB boards around cooperative learning and oral competency development. The study aims to enhance English education at this level.
Observations of Teacher-Student Interactions in VietnamAJSERJournal
Every day, teachers make dozens of interactions with students to make sure that the students can achieve
their learning goals effectively. Classroom practices with teacher-student interactions not only help teachers build a
good working environment but also assist students in forming their responsibility for learning. This paper points out the
limitation of Vietnamese teacher-student interactions in the classroom and then suggest several solutions to this
problem
Effects of Team Teaching on Students’ Academic Achievement In English Languag...iosrjce
:This study examined the effects of Team Teaching Approach (TTA) on the achievement of students in
English language comprehension and how the effects vary across gender. The study employed non randomized
pretest-posttest control group quasi experimental design. Intact classes were therefore assigned to the
experimental and control groups. The population consisted of 5,171 senior secondary two students made up of
2,407 males and 2,764 females in Onitsha education zone of Anambra State. A total of 189 students (97 males
and 92 females) randomly selected from four public secondary schools constituted the sample. Two of the
schools selected were used as experimental group while the other two were used as the control group. Two
research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Data were collected with one comprehension
passage. Data generated were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions
while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. The major findings showed that the
students taught English language comprehension with team teaching approach achieved significantly higher
than those of the control group who were taught with single teacher teaching approach. The female students in
TTA group achieved significantly higher than their male counterparts Based on the finding of this study, it was
recommended that team teaching approach should be adopted as a more effective approach to teaching and
learning English language comprehension in public secondary schools to enhance academic achievement of
students in the subject.
2014 09 09 BAICE: Supporting development through improving English language t...Tom Power
Explores issues of quality and scale in relation to Teacher Education and Educational Technology, in International Development Contexts. Whereas most programmes use small scale 'boutique' approaches, or large-scale cascades with little impact on practice, EIA has developed a school-based, mobile-learning-enhanced teacher development programme, capable of large scale and high impact. Results from the current large scale research programme are presented.
This document discusses the use of lecture as a teaching strategy for language classes. It argues that lecture is a dominant method used in Pakistani colleges but has limitations for teaching English as a language. While lecture is effective for content-based subjects, it is problematic for language classes because it does not promote active student participation or development of communication skills. The document reviews literature on different teaching methods and finds inconclusive evidence about the superiority of any single method. It concludes that lecture can be improved through innovative techniques and technologies, but may not be optimal for developing language proficiency.
Te 7- METHODS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AND THE THE POST METHODMagdy Aly
This thesis explores how ESL teachers and TESL teacher educators understand language teaching methodology in the post-method era through narratives of their pedagogical experiences. Seven ESL teachers participated in interviews about their educational backgrounds, approaches to teaching, and views on professional development. Classroom observations and follow-up interviews were also conducted with five teachers. The research examines how teachers learn to teach and implement methods based on their own knowledge and principles rather than a single prescribed method.
Many students find it hard to acquire and convey messages due to the lack of mastery in vocabulary. Since vocabulary plays a major role as the basic requirement to learning a language, its mastery became vital in learning English. On the other hand, lack of vocabulary impedes students’ understanding in reading comprehension texts especially in second language classrooms. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to obtain information regarding the effectiveness of using flip book in increasing Year 3 pupils’ mastery of vocabulary in English. This study investigated the use of flip book approach in helping the students to improve vocabulary through fun and meaningful learning. 15 participants were involved in the action research who were selected from a suburban school in Malaysia. Survey, written documents and field notes were used as the medium of data collection. The results showed significant positive changes in the performance of the students from time to time. Flip book approach was found to help the weak students who faced problems in understanding the meaning of the vocabulary taught in the classrooms. This study suggests that students need to enhance the mastery of the vocabulary in order to have a good grasp of the language including the four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.
Curriculum Development: A Guide to Practice (8th Edition) by Jon Wiles and Joseph C. Bondi provides a comprehensive examination of curriculum development divided into four parts: perspectives, procedures, practices, and prospectives. The book offers both a historical philosophical examination of curriculum development as well as consideration of global and technological influences. It serves as a practical guide for curriculum professionals with its examination of curriculum tasks and issues at elementary, middle, and secondary levels.
This document discusses classroom interaction and methodology for teaching English. It contains 3 main points:
1) It reviews literature on discourse analysis and how it can aid in understanding different types of classroom talk and interaction.
2) It describes methods used for data collection and analysis of classroom interaction, including different types of talk between teachers and students.
3) It discusses the teacher's role in facilitating classroom interaction, creating a learning atmosphere, and obtaining feedback to improve teaching and the student experience.
Students are to complete the PowerPoint survey.
Students are to design their own hypermarche for homework.
Thank you for your assistance today. Your support was invaluable in keeping the students on task. Please let me know if you have any feedback on my lesson or classroom management. I appreciate you taking the time to observe.
Summarizing 4 Journal Articles about English textbook evaluation Samialsadi1
Summarizing 4 Journal Articles about English textbook evaluation as required by our Dr Shanti under Syllabus and Materials Design Subject. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
Analysis of social sci textbook and question paperMolikaBorah1
This document analyzes social science textbooks and question papers. It discusses what textbooks and question papers are, their purposes, criteria for good textbooks, and how they should be analyzed. The document then analyzes an 8th grade NCERT social science textbook based on criteria like content, language, and illustrations. It also analyzes a social science question paper based on criteria like question type, difficulty level, and coverage of content and objectives. The analysis finds that textbooks can be improved by supplementing content and question papers can be improved by including more higher-order thinking questions. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of high-quality textbooks and question papers for effective teaching and learning.
This document outlines a research proposal on developing materials to improve student engagement. It discusses the need to encourage teacher-student collaboration to create materials and determine what types are most effective. The objectives are to understand why teachers and students should develop materials and identify which types most benefit learning. If successful, the research could motivate teachers and students by clarifying learning goals. The scope covers material development concepts and types of materials. It will use observation, tests, and score analysis to collect and analyze data on improved student engagement.
Innovation Practices for Teaching English Communication skills to Professiona...IJARIIE JOURNAL
This document discusses innovative techniques for teaching English communication skills to professional students. It describes games, role plays, brainstorming, and using newspapers as ways to engage students and reduce anxiety around using English. Games allow students to practice language in a low-stress way to communicate and achieve in-game goals. Role plays put students in simulated real-world scenarios to practice functions like interviews or patient consultations. Brainstorming gives students stimulus to generate a large volume of language responses. Newspapers expose students to topics of interest while building reading skills. These techniques aim to make English learning more interactive, confidence-building and relevant to students' fields.
Rc20 the correlation between students’ achievement in vocabulary and reading ...UNSIKA
This document appears to be a thesis written by Ikah that examines the correlation between students' vocabulary achievement and reading ability. It includes an introduction that provides background on the study and establishes the research problem, objectives, methodology and organization. It also contains theoretical frameworks on vocabulary and reading, a description of the research methodology and findings from a case study conducted at MAN II Bekasi examining the relationship between students' vocabulary and reading test scores. The thesis was presented in partial fulfillment of an S1 degree from the English Department at State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Meeting the Needs of Literacy Learners in PreK-3 ClassroomsTerry Stewart
This document discusses teaching literacy to preK-3 learners. It describes the differences between emergent and beginning literacy learners. Emergent learners require structured instruction in oral language, picture reading, phonemic awareness, and associating text with speech. Beginning learners can work more independently and engage in activities like guided reading in small groups. The document provides strategies for teachers, such as assessing student needs, choosing appropriate texts, and implementing effective instructional methods like modeled reading and writing workshops. Teachers are encouraged to create engaging literacy environments and monitor student progress.
Effect of Teachers’ Competence in English Phonology on Reading Ability among ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Good performance in English opens doors to many lucrative careers locally and internationally. Teaching reading and success in reading ability is therefore important for young learners. However, the ability for teachers to teach reading is not well documented. Little research has been conducted on teachers’ competence and attitudes towards reading ability among learners at preschool level. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of teachers’ competence on reading ability among pre-school children in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. The theory of planned behaviour and education production function theory guided the study. The study employed the mixed methods approach. An explanatory research design was used. The target population was all the 1252 pre-school teachers in Elgeyo Marakwet County Kenya. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select the participating schools and individual teachers. A sample size of 294 schools was used. The instruments utilised were questionnaires, and observation schedules. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings revealed that there are more female pre-school teachers than male. It was also found that most of the pre-school teachers were inexperienced. Results indicated that the teachers’ competency in English phonology was below average. The study results indicated that the pre-school children reading ability was poor. Teacher competency in English phonology was found to have a positive significant effect on reading ability of pre-school children (β= .307, p<0.05). The study concluded that pre-school teaching is a gendered profession characterized by low competency in English phonology. It was also concluded that teacher competency in English phonology has a bearing on the reading ability of pre-school children. The study therefore recommended that pre-school teachers be trained to improve their competency in English phonology as to improve the reading ability of pre-school children.
Keywords: English Phonology, Teacher Competency, Reading Ability.
Title: Effect of Teachers’ Competence in English Phonology on Reading Ability among Pre-School Children in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya
Author: Muthoni Bilhah Kiptoo, Prof. Khaemba Ongeti, Prof. J.K. Too
ISSN 2349-7831
International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH)
Paper Publications
This document presents a research proposal that compares the influence of instructional supports and teaching practices on the reading skills of Year 2 students in whole language and phonics classes. The study aims to observe students' reading development and errors in both instructional settings. It also seeks to understand how students and teachers respond to phonics learning after two years of implementing the new KSSR curriculum in Malaysia, which emphasizes phonics. The proposal includes an introduction outlining the research problem and questions. It also provides definitions of key terms like whole language approach, phonics, and KSSR. The literature review discusses topics related to phonological awareness, reading instruction approaches, and the whole language method.
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS --- demostrative method at procedure text----khitdhys yh
This proposal outlines a classroom action research study to improve 9th grade students' ability to perform short monologues in procedure text form through the demonstration learning method. The study will take place over two cycles at SMP Negeri 1 Sumobito, involving observation of lessons, reflection on outcomes, and analysis of data on student comprehension, sequencing ability, and final products. The goal is to develop an effective, efficient, and enjoyable teaching strategy to actively engage students and improve their English communication skills.
This document provides information about the 8th International Conference on Education, Language and Psychology that was held from October 9-10, 2016 in Singapore. The conference was held at the Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Executive Centre. The document lists the conference venue and contact information. It also lists the keynote speakers, Dr. Sandeep Narayan Kundu from the National University of Singapore and Subrata Chattopadhyay Banerjee from RWTH Aachen University in Germany. The rest of the document contains abstracts from various presentations given at the conference on topics related to education, language and psychology.
Background Proposal Seminar The Application of Problem Based Learning in Teac...Siti Purwaningsih
The document discusses using Problem Based Learning (PBL) to improve English speaking skills for 10th grade students at SMK Tamansiswa 1 vocational high school in Indonesia. It outlines issues with traditional teaching which lacks real-world application and prevents students from communicating effectively. The author believes PBL can engage students by making lessons relevant to their lives and encouraging critical thinking and collaborative problem solving. The study aims to determine how PBL can be applied in the speaking classroom and whether it improves students' speaking abilities.
Production-oriented approach (POA) is a kind of teaching theory aiming at overcoming the disadvantages of "separation of learning and application" in foreign language teaching in China. With Chinese characteristics, it is suitable for middle and senior foreign language learners. In order to improve the teaching effect of current College English Comprehensive English, this paper will proceed from the current situation of College English teaching, based on the teaching concept of POA, explore the applicability of POA in College English comprehensive classroom, and carry out the teaching design from the three stages of pre-class, while class and after class. In addition, this paper puts forward targeted teaching suggestions for the teaching of College Comprehensive English course, in order to take the classroom as a practical process of cultural and language socialization, truly implement the concept of humanistic quality education, and cultivate a number of foreign language talents needed by the society.
(Ms. Word) EXPLORING STUDENTS' PROBLEM IN APPLYING FULL ENGLISH SPEAKING AREA...SMP NEGERI 4 SANANA
He researched about English speaking area at English study program of Khairun university but this research report has not been completed to become a thesis yet . It is on the process.
This document discusses research on non-native English speaking (NNES) teachers in K-12 education. It notes that most previous research has focused on tertiary education, but NNES teachers make up a large portion of the K-12 teaching force. It then highlights specific issues for NNES English teachers in Hong Kong, including benchmark tests and perceptions of declining English standards. The document calls for more localized research on the experiences and practices of NNES K-12 teachers.
This study aimed to develop English supplementary materials to meet the needs of nursing students on English learning through Instructional Conversation (IC) method. This research was categorized into research and development. The materials were validated by two experts to come to the final product. This research conducted at the Nursing Study Program involving students of the second semester. The data collected from classroom and checklist observation, questionnaire, an interview. Considering the data collected, the English textbooks available and used in the Nursing Study Program contains English language learning materials that are still common and less specific for students used in the nursing study program. Therefore, English supplementary materials through Instructional Conversation (IC) method should be developed by considering the needs of lecturers and students. English supplementary materials through the Instructional Conversation method were developed by considering several aspects.
Curriculum Development: A Guide to Practice (8th Edition) by Jon Wiles and Joseph C. Bondi provides a comprehensive examination of curriculum development divided into four parts: perspectives, procedures, practices, and prospectives. The book offers both a historical philosophical examination of curriculum development as well as consideration of global and technological influences. It serves as a practical guide for curriculum professionals with its examination of curriculum tasks and issues at elementary, middle, and secondary levels.
This document discusses classroom interaction and methodology for teaching English. It contains 3 main points:
1) It reviews literature on discourse analysis and how it can aid in understanding different types of classroom talk and interaction.
2) It describes methods used for data collection and analysis of classroom interaction, including different types of talk between teachers and students.
3) It discusses the teacher's role in facilitating classroom interaction, creating a learning atmosphere, and obtaining feedback to improve teaching and the student experience.
Students are to complete the PowerPoint survey.
Students are to design their own hypermarche for homework.
Thank you for your assistance today. Your support was invaluable in keeping the students on task. Please let me know if you have any feedback on my lesson or classroom management. I appreciate you taking the time to observe.
Summarizing 4 Journal Articles about English textbook evaluation Samialsadi1
Summarizing 4 Journal Articles about English textbook evaluation as required by our Dr Shanti under Syllabus and Materials Design Subject. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
Analysis of social sci textbook and question paperMolikaBorah1
This document analyzes social science textbooks and question papers. It discusses what textbooks and question papers are, their purposes, criteria for good textbooks, and how they should be analyzed. The document then analyzes an 8th grade NCERT social science textbook based on criteria like content, language, and illustrations. It also analyzes a social science question paper based on criteria like question type, difficulty level, and coverage of content and objectives. The analysis finds that textbooks can be improved by supplementing content and question papers can be improved by including more higher-order thinking questions. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of high-quality textbooks and question papers for effective teaching and learning.
This document outlines a research proposal on developing materials to improve student engagement. It discusses the need to encourage teacher-student collaboration to create materials and determine what types are most effective. The objectives are to understand why teachers and students should develop materials and identify which types most benefit learning. If successful, the research could motivate teachers and students by clarifying learning goals. The scope covers material development concepts and types of materials. It will use observation, tests, and score analysis to collect and analyze data on improved student engagement.
Innovation Practices for Teaching English Communication skills to Professiona...IJARIIE JOURNAL
This document discusses innovative techniques for teaching English communication skills to professional students. It describes games, role plays, brainstorming, and using newspapers as ways to engage students and reduce anxiety around using English. Games allow students to practice language in a low-stress way to communicate and achieve in-game goals. Role plays put students in simulated real-world scenarios to practice functions like interviews or patient consultations. Brainstorming gives students stimulus to generate a large volume of language responses. Newspapers expose students to topics of interest while building reading skills. These techniques aim to make English learning more interactive, confidence-building and relevant to students' fields.
Rc20 the correlation between students’ achievement in vocabulary and reading ...UNSIKA
This document appears to be a thesis written by Ikah that examines the correlation between students' vocabulary achievement and reading ability. It includes an introduction that provides background on the study and establishes the research problem, objectives, methodology and organization. It also contains theoretical frameworks on vocabulary and reading, a description of the research methodology and findings from a case study conducted at MAN II Bekasi examining the relationship between students' vocabulary and reading test scores. The thesis was presented in partial fulfillment of an S1 degree from the English Department at State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Meeting the Needs of Literacy Learners in PreK-3 ClassroomsTerry Stewart
This document discusses teaching literacy to preK-3 learners. It describes the differences between emergent and beginning literacy learners. Emergent learners require structured instruction in oral language, picture reading, phonemic awareness, and associating text with speech. Beginning learners can work more independently and engage in activities like guided reading in small groups. The document provides strategies for teachers, such as assessing student needs, choosing appropriate texts, and implementing effective instructional methods like modeled reading and writing workshops. Teachers are encouraged to create engaging literacy environments and monitor student progress.
Effect of Teachers’ Competence in English Phonology on Reading Ability among ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Good performance in English opens doors to many lucrative careers locally and internationally. Teaching reading and success in reading ability is therefore important for young learners. However, the ability for teachers to teach reading is not well documented. Little research has been conducted on teachers’ competence and attitudes towards reading ability among learners at preschool level. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of teachers’ competence on reading ability among pre-school children in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. The theory of planned behaviour and education production function theory guided the study. The study employed the mixed methods approach. An explanatory research design was used. The target population was all the 1252 pre-school teachers in Elgeyo Marakwet County Kenya. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select the participating schools and individual teachers. A sample size of 294 schools was used. The instruments utilised were questionnaires, and observation schedules. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings revealed that there are more female pre-school teachers than male. It was also found that most of the pre-school teachers were inexperienced. Results indicated that the teachers’ competency in English phonology was below average. The study results indicated that the pre-school children reading ability was poor. Teacher competency in English phonology was found to have a positive significant effect on reading ability of pre-school children (β= .307, p<0.05). The study concluded that pre-school teaching is a gendered profession characterized by low competency in English phonology. It was also concluded that teacher competency in English phonology has a bearing on the reading ability of pre-school children. The study therefore recommended that pre-school teachers be trained to improve their competency in English phonology as to improve the reading ability of pre-school children.
Keywords: English Phonology, Teacher Competency, Reading Ability.
Title: Effect of Teachers’ Competence in English Phonology on Reading Ability among Pre-School Children in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya
Author: Muthoni Bilhah Kiptoo, Prof. Khaemba Ongeti, Prof. J.K. Too
ISSN 2349-7831
International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH)
Paper Publications
This document presents a research proposal that compares the influence of instructional supports and teaching practices on the reading skills of Year 2 students in whole language and phonics classes. The study aims to observe students' reading development and errors in both instructional settings. It also seeks to understand how students and teachers respond to phonics learning after two years of implementing the new KSSR curriculum in Malaysia, which emphasizes phonics. The proposal includes an introduction outlining the research problem and questions. It also provides definitions of key terms like whole language approach, phonics, and KSSR. The literature review discusses topics related to phonological awareness, reading instruction approaches, and the whole language method.
Proposal PTK BERBAHASA INGGRIS --- demostrative method at procedure text----khitdhys yh
This proposal outlines a classroom action research study to improve 9th grade students' ability to perform short monologues in procedure text form through the demonstration learning method. The study will take place over two cycles at SMP Negeri 1 Sumobito, involving observation of lessons, reflection on outcomes, and analysis of data on student comprehension, sequencing ability, and final products. The goal is to develop an effective, efficient, and enjoyable teaching strategy to actively engage students and improve their English communication skills.
This document provides information about the 8th International Conference on Education, Language and Psychology that was held from October 9-10, 2016 in Singapore. The conference was held at the Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Executive Centre. The document lists the conference venue and contact information. It also lists the keynote speakers, Dr. Sandeep Narayan Kundu from the National University of Singapore and Subrata Chattopadhyay Banerjee from RWTH Aachen University in Germany. The rest of the document contains abstracts from various presentations given at the conference on topics related to education, language and psychology.
Background Proposal Seminar The Application of Problem Based Learning in Teac...Siti Purwaningsih
The document discusses using Problem Based Learning (PBL) to improve English speaking skills for 10th grade students at SMK Tamansiswa 1 vocational high school in Indonesia. It outlines issues with traditional teaching which lacks real-world application and prevents students from communicating effectively. The author believes PBL can engage students by making lessons relevant to their lives and encouraging critical thinking and collaborative problem solving. The study aims to determine how PBL can be applied in the speaking classroom and whether it improves students' speaking abilities.
Production-oriented approach (POA) is a kind of teaching theory aiming at overcoming the disadvantages of "separation of learning and application" in foreign language teaching in China. With Chinese characteristics, it is suitable for middle and senior foreign language learners. In order to improve the teaching effect of current College English Comprehensive English, this paper will proceed from the current situation of College English teaching, based on the teaching concept of POA, explore the applicability of POA in College English comprehensive classroom, and carry out the teaching design from the three stages of pre-class, while class and after class. In addition, this paper puts forward targeted teaching suggestions for the teaching of College Comprehensive English course, in order to take the classroom as a practical process of cultural and language socialization, truly implement the concept of humanistic quality education, and cultivate a number of foreign language talents needed by the society.
(Ms. Word) EXPLORING STUDENTS' PROBLEM IN APPLYING FULL ENGLISH SPEAKING AREA...SMP NEGERI 4 SANANA
He researched about English speaking area at English study program of Khairun university but this research report has not been completed to become a thesis yet . It is on the process.
This document discusses research on non-native English speaking (NNES) teachers in K-12 education. It notes that most previous research has focused on tertiary education, but NNES teachers make up a large portion of the K-12 teaching force. It then highlights specific issues for NNES English teachers in Hong Kong, including benchmark tests and perceptions of declining English standards. The document calls for more localized research on the experiences and practices of NNES K-12 teachers.
This study aimed to develop English supplementary materials to meet the needs of nursing students on English learning through Instructional Conversation (IC) method. This research was categorized into research and development. The materials were validated by two experts to come to the final product. This research conducted at the Nursing Study Program involving students of the second semester. The data collected from classroom and checklist observation, questionnaire, an interview. Considering the data collected, the English textbooks available and used in the Nursing Study Program contains English language learning materials that are still common and less specific for students used in the nursing study program. Therefore, English supplementary materials through Instructional Conversation (IC) method should be developed by considering the needs of lecturers and students. English supplementary materials through the Instructional Conversation method were developed by considering several aspects.
TRAK Financial Planning Software for Advisors includes 480-pages of documentation guiding users through one of the best retirement planning tools available in the marketplace. You can get a FREE 30-day Trial version at http://www.asktrak.com
This document discusses synesthesia and its use in music videos. Synesthesia is when listening to music triggers visual associations or images. Music video directors often use synesthesia to develop narrative concepts and match visuals to the mood of the music. The document provides examples of how artists like Pharrell Williams and the band Crossfade incorporate synesthesia through color schemes that match the music. It also notes how the concept will be useful for creatively planning the student's own music video by helping generate ideas from the visuals triggered by listening to the song.
From the Keep Northern Ireland Beautiful "Litter Summit 2013": Margo Richards, Texas Department of Transportation will relate the economic benefits of the famous Don’t Mess with Texas campaign. With many councils and officers disappointed by the fractured nature of anti-litter campaigns here, this presentation will demonstrate the sound economic case for pooling resources and launching such an ambitious campaign
Manjakani Kanza - Jual Obat Manjakani Kanza Aceh OriginalManjakani Kanza
Manjakani Kanza - Hubungi kami di 085721499521 / 546609A8 / Email : CS@ManjakaniKanza.org
Ramuan ini memiliki manfaat dalam membantu para wanita untuk mengatasi segala keluhan kewanitaan seperti keputihan, kista, miom, membantu program hamil.
1. The author taught a lesson on ionic and covalent bonding to a class of 26 high-achieving Year 9 students.
2. During the lesson, the students completed a worksheet in pairs to consolidate their understanding of the differences between ionic and covalent bonding and how this relates to substance properties.
3. An evaluation found that most students understood the concepts well after the lesson, though a later quiz showed some students still struggled with identifying mistakes in example dot-and-cross diagrams.
From the Keep Northern Ireland Beautiful "Litter Summit 2013": Philip Thompson, Larne BC will discuss the management of dog fouling and litter, which local Councillors wish to see properly addressed at a local level, and describe the a three-pronged approach Larne have been progressing based around education, cleansing and enforcement.
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Similar to Role of Textbook in ELT in secondary schools of Karachi -Research Report English , Semester 7- (20)
Role of Textbook in ELT in secondary schools of Karachi -Research Report English , Semester 7-
1. 2015
Department of Teacher Education
University Of Karachi
[RESEARCH REPORT]
Role of Textbook in ELT in secondary schools of Karachi
Prepared By:
Bushra Asif
Hadia Iqbal
Maria Jawed Khan
Supervisor :
Saima ZareenAhmed
2. 2
ABSTRACT:
The purpose of writing this report is to investigate the effect of textbooks in public sector schools
of Karachi in learning English. Why students of secondary classes are still struggling in English?
Though they have been learning from initial classes, how textbooks can be used as an effective
tool in acquisition of English. In the research quantitative & qualitative approach is applied with
survey method data is collected from randomly sampled teachers and prospective teachers of
public sector. The study suggests that textbooks of public sector schools should be
communicative as well as compatible catering the needs of students and teachers.
Keywords: textbooks, public sector schools, English language, teaching.
INTRODUCTION:
There is no doubt to say that English has become a major tool for international communication
and a dominant language in almost all parts of the world. Nowadays it is believed that English is
a passport of success, it provides a path to the world of opportunities and a gate-keeper for
economic boost as well.in other words we can say English is a de facto of development and
progress. Considering its importancemany countries have started teaching English as a foreign or
second language. As a matter of fact it is a medium for research development and growth of
science and technology.Therefore stakeholders should realize high value of English language
learning for academic success as well as inculcate mastery skills in the students. There are many
components in English language teaching that assists in development of mastery level skills, but
in this research the discussion is about the role of textbooks in English language teaching. The
concept of role of textbooks in English language teaching is not new but still there is a lot of
room to work on.
We cannot ignore the importance of textbook in teaching learning process.it plays an integral
role in any educational system, in all disciplines and in all grades.Textbook is a tool for mentors
in teaching.it assists teaching and learning process that elevates the standard of learning. What is
educationally sound desirable, acceptable is guided by textbooks. Thus, it plays a vital role that
leads an educational process. (AllamaIqbalOpen University Islamabad: 2006). A well-structured
and well-designed textbook means a rich aid for healthy teaching and learning. It is difficult to
image learning English insecondary school classrooms without textbooks,where students are
facing English as their second or sometimes third language.Textbooksare therefore a blessing for
struggling students; they provide authentic material to learners, guide teachers, organizes
learning, and ensures uniformity moreover helps slow learners to improve in other hours.
However,textbook especiallyin ELT classroom can be used as a huge aid to improve English
language proficiency, if it is developed effectively. The purpose of writing this report was to
investigate the effect of textbooks in public sector schools of Karachi in learning English. Why
the students of secondary classes are still struggling in English? Though they have been learning
from initial classes, how textbooks can be used as an effective tool in acquisition of English.This
3. 3
research encompassed the question that have been arisen since along period about public sector
textbooks; authenticity of content, validity of exercises, communicative textbooks, practical
examples as well as catering cultural components.
LITERATURE VIEW:
Textbook is a manual that provides a path of learning.it helps not only students but teachers in
English language classrooms.it is the most suitable material moreover it makes ELT faster,
easier, cheaper and better.
textbooks can be defined as the books that keep record of knowledge in an organized form(Hall
and Clliford).Paul Eaugealso states, in any disciplinary study textbook is used as a standard
(teaching of social studies ,2004).ITE report of the textbook committee of the central advisory
board of education further adds in its importance, “a modern educational system without
textbooks is as difficult to imagine as Hamlet without the prince of Denmark.” (Teaching of
social studies, 2004).
Textbooks are termed as humble and most simple device in teaching learning process. Many
scholars of EFL stresses on the importance of textbooks in English learning, because it is a road
that connects English curriculum objectives to the learning outcomes. Textbook is a tool for
mentors in teaching.It assists teaching and learning process that elevates the standard of learning.
What is educationally sound desirable, acceptable is guided by textbooks. Thus, it plays a vital
role that leads an educational process.(AllamaIqbalOpen University Islamabad: 2006). Through
textbooks authenticity, validity and reliability can be maintained and acknowledge by the
teachers.it keeps in track learning moreover organizes learning.
It is believed that successful second language acquisition is attainted in an artificial environment
and in a particular setting, therefore in creating suitable environment for 2L learning textbooks
plays a significant role .As a matter of fact50% learning takes place by seeing ( visualizing) on
the other hand textbooks are one of the most convenient, easiest and cheaper visual aid for
learning. (González) adds further significance of textbooks, course book has three main things, it
saves time and money and it contains visual imaginary that makes students understand concepts
more easily. It supports teachers explanation and sometimes helps in explaining the objects that
are very hard for a teacher to bring in class.
Hutchinson and Torres, (1994) state, textbook has a constructive and positive role in teaching
learning English moreover it provides mandatory input in the classrooms through pictorial
explanations,content, exercises and reading etc.
Besides subject matter knowledge textbooks facilitates learning in developing social values,
attitudes and believes.Textbooks can bring positive cultural change in a nation by discarding
unwanted ones and adding desired national values. (FalkPingel) supports this view by adding
another way to the role of textbooks by not solely symbolizing it for the transmission of
4. 4
knowledge also in building political and social foundation.Global understanding, norms of living
and values of society thus all are catered by textbooks.
Textbooks play a crucial role in generating educational interaction of learners with the
environment that assists in concept formation. Same is with contextualized textbooks which
scaffolds schemata and connects prior knowledge to the advance one as well as leaners
understand the concepts in depth. Buztkamm(2007) supports this view by adding, mother tongue
provides basis for foreign language learning as it act as an essential part of language acquisition
support system.
QUESTION:
The purpose of this report has to determine the role of English language textbooks in public
sector schools of Karachi.
Whether in public schools constructive roles are played by textbooks in English language
learning?
METHODOLOGY:
To conduct this research mixed method was used during the study. Quantitative & qualitative
approach were applied with survey method. Questionnaire was used as tool to collect
data.Questionnaire comprising combination of both open and close ended questions.Data
administered through questionnaires have sample including 3 teachers and 7 student teachers.The
content analyses of the materials were conducted through the task description of the materials
using tables and graphs.
FINDINGS:
The data were obtained in by giving the printed questionnaire to the respondents, 70% of them
are student teachers and 30% are English teachers. We choose more students teacher than
teachers as our sample because student teachers are those who first learn about qualities of a
good textbook and then they teach with the help of it, so they can give us data on the bases of
their learning and experience both. After collecting the data the researchers calculated the final
score percentage of each question. The findings of the study show in the table (table of result)
given below:
5. 5
TABLE OF RESULT
S
No.
Questions Strongly
Agree
Agree Strongly
Disagree
Disagree Neutral
1. The book is in relation to curriculum and its
objectives.
40% 10% 30% 20%
2. There is a good distribution (simple to complex)
of vocabulary load across chapters and the
whole book.
10% 30% 10% 50%
3. The load (number of new words in each lesson)
is appropriate to the level.
70% 10% 10% 10%
4. It promotes ethical values. 70% 10% 20%
5. It reflects the ideology of state. 70% 10% 20%
6. It increases the interests of the learners towards
English learning.
20% 20% 40% 20%
7. The book has appropriate listening
tasks/activities.
10% 60% 20% 10%
8. The book has appropriate speaking task. 20% 40% 30% 10%
9. Activities are included in the book
meaningfully.
10% 30% 40% 20%
10. It is compatible to background knowledge and
level of students.
10% 10% 30% 50%
11. Activities of book reflect communicative
approach.
20% 20% 50% 10%
12. It promotes cultural harmony. 40% 10% 50%
13. It uses the words and example that reflects local
context.
10% 30% 10% 40% 10%
14. Grammar topics are well defined. 30% 40% 20% 10%
6. 6
15. Exercises are self-explanatory and have clear
instructions.
30% 30% 40%
16. Does the book integrate all four language skills? 50% 40% 10%
17. Does the book integrate real life examples? 40% 10% 20% 30%
18. Does the textbook address needs of current
society?
70% people said no and the other 30% said yes.
19. Write some suggestions to improve English
language textbooks.
The suggestion that had given by the teachers
and prospective teachers regarding improvement
of textbooks are given below:
Exercise should be skill based.
Include activities which are low cost and
effective.
Include chapters which help to enhance
listening and speaking skills.
Make it attractive for learners.
Include comprehensive content.
Textbooks must be self explanatory.
Must be according to the mental level of
students
Include chapters which address the needs
of current society.
7. 7
LINE CHART
One can see clearly in the chart that the higher parentage of same responses of a question is 70%
not more than that and the lower is 10%. The chart also shows that most of the respondents were
avoid to use the strongly agree option. It shows that for question 1 the maximum respondents
who select same option are 40% and minimum are 10%. For question 2 the maximum
respondents who selected same option are 50% and minimum are 10%. For question 3 the
maximum respondents who selected same option are 70% and minimum are 10%. For question 4
the maximum respondents who selected same option are 70% and minimum are 10%. For
question 5 the maximum respondents who selected same option are 70% and minimum are 10%.
For question 6 the maximum respondents who selected same option are 40% and minimum are
20%. For question 7 the maximum respondents who selected same option are 60%and minimum
are10%. For question 8 the maximum respondents who selected same option are 40% and
minimum are 10%. For question 9 the maximum respondents who selected same option are 40%
and minimum are 10%. For question 10 the maximum respondents who selected same option are
50% and minimum are 10%. For question 11 the maximum respondents who selected same
option are 50% and minimum are 10%. For question 12 the maximum respondents who selected
same option are 50% and minimum are 10%. For question 13 the maximum respondents who
selected same option are 40% and minimum are 10%. For question 14 the maximum respondents
who selected same option are 40% and minimum are 10%. For question 15 the maximum
respondents who selected same option are 40% and minimum are 30%.For question 16 the
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Strongly
Agree
Agree
Strongly
disagree
Disagree
Neutral
8. 8
maximum respondents who selected same option are 50% and minimum are 10%. For question
17 the maximum respondents who selected same option are 40% and minimum are 10%.
DISCUSSION:
Comparing the literature of textbooks and analyzing the data of research it has been concluded
that textbooks of public sector schools of Karachi needs improvement they are not fulfilling the
demands and catering students’ needs.However, English has been teaching in public schools
from grade 1 but still there is no proficient in English language. Along with others, oneof the
reasons behind the problem is inadequately structured textbooks. Textbooks are the ones that
help not only students but direct teachers as well as it is a medium to achieve goals of national
curriculum. Textbook is a path, by walking on it the information and details about vocabulary
can be easily received, but due to inappropriate and unprofessional use of textbook, it creates
hurdles in teaching and learning process (Swan, M. 1992). In the light of data collected from
survey it has been concluded that there is enough space present to improve textbooks in order to
achieve national curriculum objectives of English, for instance textbooks doesn’t cater listening
and speaking skills though they are mentioned in curriculum. Karachi board textbooks shows
wide variation regarding content and difficulty, till tenth grade difficulty level is very low,
exercises activities and content are made without considering level of students due to which
students don’t take interest in learning, most of the things are already known by the students,
contents are over lapping with other subject topics, there is no visible difference seen in the
textbooks of English language.Grammar topics are not defined in textbooks till secondary
grades as well as there is no logical behind the exercises.
The research has concluded the following weakness of public sector textbooks
Out dated and un-contextualized content,
low vocabulary, easy concepts with respect to psychological development,
no innovation
no integration of listening and speaking skills
ineffective presentation
RECOMMENDATIONS:
There are no textbook that’s what we called perfect but there are best books certainly available
for us and for our students (McGrath 2002:41).proving McGrath’s words this research has
gathered data from textbooks of public schools that need improvement to make it best
textbook.The research has come up with some positive recommendations. First, the need of
adequate structured textbooks that not only help in improvement of English language but also
cater current needs of society for making individuals responsible citizens. Likewise, Literature is
a powerful medium to reinforce values and attitudes, through contextualized content learners can
absorb concepts of English language easily and relate with real life as well as those concepts
also helps in personal development of individual. Updated content motivate students towards
9. 9
learning in addition it caters psychological and learning needs of students and fulfills demands of
present era. Integration of four skills helps making textbooks communicative and achieving real
essence of language learning
Gathering data from variety of sources the research has come up with following
recommendations:
Along with reading and writing there must be some innovative exercises for listening
and speaking skills
Content should be contextualized
grammar topics should be clear and self-explanatory
there must be variety of topics
content should be up to date
colour & quality of paper should be improved
CONCLUSION:
The allegation of students’failure in English language doesn’tsolelylie on the shoulders of poor
teaching style in fact, it is due to unstructured textbooks too.If some trained teachers want to
introduce effective teaching methods and techniques they all stuck when it comes to content,
topics and exercises because assessments are made from those textbooks and at any cost teachers
and students are supposed to follow it. This research paper has tried to point out the flaws of
public sector textbooks of Karachi and presented some recommendations based upon the
literature that has been reviewed and data that has been collected in order to make textbooks
adequate for the use of students in learning English language effectively.
REFERENCES:
McGrath, Ian (2002): Materials evaluation and design for language teaching. Edinburgh:
Edinburgh university press.
Dahmardeh, M (2013) .Communicative textbooks: English language textbooks in Iranian
secondary school
IsilCakit (2006) New Bridge to success 3” from the perspectives of students and teachers
AllamaIqbal Open University, 2006 Teaching of social studies
BINOD K.SAHU (2004) Teaching of social studies
Falk Pingel (2010) UNESCO guidebook on textbook research and textbook revision