Oracle Analytic Views bring analytic values to all persons with an Oracle database. Learn how to produce analytic values using simplified SQL syntax and no storage overhead. Use analytic views anywhere you can use a SQL query - good stuff!

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Analytic Views
for Mortals:
Worth A Look?
When and Where
Karen Cannell
kcannell@thtechnology.com
TH Technology

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About Me …
• TH Technology – Oracle Consulting Services, APEX Focus
• Mechanical/SW Engineer - Analyzed, designed,
developed, converted, upgraded, enhanced legacy &
database applications for 30+ years
• Leveraging Oracle 10g,11g,12c,18 suite of tools
• Building Web/APEX applications for government, medical,
engineering industries since HTMLDB beginnings
• ODTUG Director, Editor Emeritus, Technical Journal
• Oracle Ace
• APress Author

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About You …
• Oracle Technology ?
• OLAP Users?
• APEX Users ?
• Why Are You Here?
Analytics …

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Agenda ~ Analytic Views
• What
• How to Build
• How to Query
• When ~Where to Use
• Wrap-up
• Questions ~ Discussion

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Analytic
Views:
to BuildWhat ?

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Slide per Bud Endress, Oct 2017

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Analytic Views
• Oracle 12.2
• No Cost Feature
Like a View
• Metadata (Do Not Store Data)
• Query via SQL
• Access Data from Other Objects
• Join Multiple Tables

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Analytical Views
Better than a View:
• Organize Data into Dimensions, Hierarchies
• Automatically Aggregate
• Embed Calculations, Measures
• Include Presentation Metadata
Better Than a Materialized View
• No Data Storage

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Analytic Views
• Simplify SQL for Analytic Queries
• No Joins, No GROUP BYs
• Define Calculations w/in Analytic View
• Aggregates ~ Calculations ~ Forecasts
• Query Calculations from the Analytic View
Make Dimensional, Hierarchical Analyses
More Accessible
➔➔➔ Simpler, Faster Development

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Image per Bud Endress, Oct 2017
Your Tables,
Usually Star Schema,
Maybe w MViews
Your Applications:
DW, BI, Data
Visualization, APEX, …
Define Analytic View(s)
SQL Against Analytic View

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Analytic
Views:
to BuildHow to
Build
Attr Dimensions
Hierarchies
Analytic Views

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System Privileges
• CREATE ANALYTIC VIEW
• CREATE ANY ANALYTIC VIEW
• ALTER ANY ANALYTIC VIEW
• DROP ANY ANALYTIC VIEW
• CREATE ATTRIBUTE DIMENSION
• CREATE ANY ATTRIBUTE DIMENSION
• ALTER ANY ATTRIBUTE DIMENSION
• DROP ANY ATTRIBUTE DIMENSION
• CREATE HIERARCHY
• CREATE ANY HIERARCHY
• ALTER ANY HIERARCHY
• DROP ANY HIERARCHY

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Object Privileges
• SELECT - Query
• READ - Query
• ALTER - Rename
Ex:
GRANT ALL ON AV_USER.SALES_AV TO AV_USER2;
GRANT ALTER ON AV_USER.SALES_AV TO AV_USER3;

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Analytic View Objects
• ATTRIBUTE DIMENSION
• Specifies Data Source, Attributes, Levels
• HIERARCHY
• Organizes Dimensions Hierarchically
• ANALYTIC VIEW
• Aggregations, Calculations, Joins of Fact
Data Specified by Attr. Dims, Hierarchies
and Measures

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Attribute Dimensions
• Specify Data Source, Attributes,
Levels
• Ex: Sales History TIME Table
• Base Calendar Year query
• Base Fiscal Year query
• These will be combined into one
Attribute Dimension

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Sample Time Attr Dimension

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Time Attributes,
Calendar
and
Fiscal

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Levels:
day
Calendar month,
Calendar quarter,
Calendar year, …

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footer

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Attribute Dimensions
• Attributes
• Levels

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Now Add CLASSIFICATION

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CLASSIFICATIONS
• Metadata
• Dimensions – Hierarchies – AVs –
Members – Attributes - Measures
• Caption
• Description
• Format_string for a MEASURE

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Hierarchies
• Reference an Attribute
Dimension
• Organize Dimension Values into
Hierarchies

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Sales History Hierarchies
• Time
• Products
• Customers
• Channels
• Promotions

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Hierarchies – Extra Columns

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Analytic Views
• Layer on Top of Star Schema
using Attr Dims and Hierarchies
• Fact Data Included in AV
• Calculations Built Into the AV
• Metadata Built Into the AV

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Analytic View DDL Format
CREATE OR REPLACE ANALYTIC VIEW <name>
<classification caption and description>
USING <fact table>
DIMENSION BY (<list of dimension hierarchy refs>)
MEASURES ( <list of measures> )
DEFAULT MEASURE … ;

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Analytic View – Parts Recap
• USING – Fact Table – Where to Start
• DIMENSION BY – What Dimensions and
Hierarchies Queries on the AV Will Use
• MEASURES – Facts and Calculations: Sum, AVG,
LEAD, LAG, Combinations – What Calculations
Are Needed
• CLASSIFICATION – Metadata / Documentation
• Usually On AV and Measures

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MEASURES
• Analytic Functions
• Time
• Quantitative
• SHARE_OF
• Nesting

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Analytic Functions - Time
• LAG
• LAG_DIFF
• LAG_DIFF_PERCENT
• LEAD
• LEAD_DIFF
• LEAD_DIFF_PERCENT
• QUALIFY

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Analytic Functions - Quantitative
• APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
• AVG
• COUNT
• MAX
• MIN
• STATS_MODE
• STDDEV
• SUM
• VARIANCE

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MEASURES – Time Series
LAG 1 … ACROSS ANCESTOR AT LEVEL YEAR
Previous Year
AVG(sales) … BETWEEN 11 PRECEDING AND CURRENT
MEMBER
Rolling 12 Month Period
See LiveSQL.oracle.com
Creating Time Series Calculations in Analytic
Views

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SHARE_OF
Ratio of Measure/Value to …
• PARENT
• LEVEL
• Within Level Specified
• MEMBER ALL
• Specific Value (MEMBER) across ALL

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MEASURES Examples

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AVs w Materialized Views
• MViews Can Help the AVs
• Must Incl Key Facts, Aggregates
• Query Rewrite Enabled
• CACHE Clause in the AV
Plan Will Use the MView
https://livesql.oracle.com/apex/f?p=590:1:16850806459549:CLEAR::1:TUTORI
AL_ID,P1_SHOW_LEARN_SIDEBAR:920462536135351482715713159129964
52182,Y

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CACHE example
• CACHE Clause References
• Facts via MEASURE GROUP
• LEVELS that Match MV GROUP BYs

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MView
• Aggregates
• GROUP BYs
To Match AV
Facts, Dims

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AVs w In Memory
• Base Tables In-Memory ➔
Greater Performance Gain

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Validating Analytic Views
• DBMS_HIERARCHY
• VALIDATE_HIERARCHY
• VALIDATE_ANALYTIC_VIEW
• VALIDATE_CHECK_SUCCESS
• CREATE_VALIDATE_LOG_TABLE
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-
database/12.2/dwhsg/overview-analytic-views.html#GUID-
73BE6787-3590-46FB-86F0-D402C244A687

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How it Works
• Analytic
View
Parser

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Analytic
Views:
to Build
How to
Query

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Queries Against Analytic Views
• Simple SQL
• Use Fact and Calculated Measures
• Combine Fact and Calculated
Measures
• Can Nest Measures
• Drills

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Query Analytic View - Simple
Member
name
Level
name or
filter
Hierarchy
order
Fact, measure

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Result

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Query AV + Calculated Measure
Measures
Changed Order to
better fit output

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Result

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Query AV – Filter for Specifics
Specific Member
Name in Filter

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Result

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Drill – Change LEVEL in WHERE
• Change LEVEL in WHERE

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Results

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Drill – Change LEVEL in WHERE

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Results

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Example Queries / Results

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Example Queries / Results

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SQL Developer Quick-Start
• SQL Dev 18.1
• Oracle 12.2
Amazing!

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Application Containers
“…an application-specific CDB w/in a CDB.”
• Can Grant Analytic View Access to
Application Container

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Analytic
Views:
to Build
Why ~
When ~
Where

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Use Analytic Views For …
• Data Warehousing
• Extend Star Schema, Dimension
• BI Reporting Systems
• Data Visualization
• Data Analysts
• “BI Lite”
Any Dimensional, Hierarchical Queries
Easier, Faster

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Transitioning Your Data
• KNOW YOUR DATA
• PLAN
• Star Schema, Constraints
• Dimensions
• Hierarchies
• Let SQL Developer Help
• Test, Timing, Test, Test

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Analytic
Views:
Wrapup
to Build
Questions
Discussion

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Analytic Views
• Simpler SQL for Analytic Queries
• Best Performance Gain over Star
Schema, In Memory
• SQL Dev QuickStart
• Faster Route to DW, Data Viz, BI,
“BI-Lite” Implementations

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Comments?
Questions?
Thank You
Evaluations Please!
Karen Cannell
kcannell@thtechnology.com

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Resources
• Analytic Views LiveSQL Demos
https://livesql.oracle.com/apex/livesql/file/tutorial_EDVE861IID1QUD1NIUPU5ALEW.html
• Analytic Views in SH Sample Schema
https://livesql.oracle.com/apex/livesql/file/tutorial_EDVE861IJ168OTUP6ZZ
01MX84.html
• Analytic View Support in SQL Developer
https://www.thatjeffsmith.com/archive/2017/03/oracle-database-12c-release-2-
analytic-views-sql-developer/
• Using Analytic Views
http://www.oracle.com/webfolder/technetwork/tutorials/obe/db/12c/r2/Analyti
cViews/UsingAVs.html#overview
• Analytic View Expressions
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/18/sqlrf/analytic-
view-measure-expressions.html#GUID-F8C7ED67-A4EC-479C-975F-
12F1F4B8CBA0

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Analytic Views
• “Hierarchical / Dimensional
Model Over the Dimension and
Fact Tables of a Star Schema …”
• Best Performance
• Star Schema, In Memory
• W MViews, MViews In Memory