This document discusses strategies for conducting risk assessments of oil and gas retail outlets in Nigeria. It defines environmental risk assessment and risk assessment processes. It notes there are over 8,000 gas stations that are sources of pollution. The document recommends the Department of Petroleum Resources integrate a standard risk assessment technique into its environmental impact assessment and auditing processes using a risk interaction matrix to simplify decision making. Adopting a local risk assessment standard would help enhance the sustainability of gas stations.

1. Risk Assessment In Oil And Gas Retail
Outlets: Strategy For Department Of
Petroleum Resources (DPR) Nigeria
By
Yusuf Abdullahi Rigasa (PhD)
Dept. Microbiology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
Ibrahim Yahaya Saleh
Dept. of Environmental Science, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
Manu Haruna Isah
Al-Mustapha Consulting Limited, Kaduna

2. Outline
• Risk Assessment
• Environmental Risk Assessment
• The local Oil and Gas retail outlets
• ERA – the process
• Risk Interaction matrix
• Risk assessment in EIA – strategy for DPR
• Conclusions and recommendation

3. What is Environmental Risk
Assessment
A systematic and well documented process to
define and quantify potential human and ecological
risks from exposure to oil and gas products released
from a proposed project alone and in combination
with other past, present, and future projects in a
region

4. What is Risk Assessment?
a process that determines the nature and
magnitude of a threat by analyzing potential
hazards and evaluating existing conditions of
vulnerability that could pose a potential threat or
harm to people, property, livelihoods and the
environment

5. The Local Oil and Gas Retail Outlets – the
facts
• There over 8000 petrol and LPG filling stations
• Retail PMS, LPG, Kerosene, Diesel, Lubricants, etc
• Potential sources pollution in the environment
• Environmental Performance of oil and gas retail
outlets is regulated by DPR
• EIA regime is strong, post EIA monitoring is weak
• Risk management could be integrated into EIA and
Post EIA monitoring (Environmental Audits)
• Risk Interaction matrix would assist EIA review and
simplify decision in DPR

6. Petrol Filling Station
LPG Filling Plant

8. Physical and Operational Scope
Of Oil and Gas Retail outlet
Risk Screening
Risk Analysis
Natural Hazards Assessment Operational Hazards Assessment
Consultation processes
Review of Hazards
Risk Interaction Ranking Matrix
Risk Mitigation and Management
ERA – The Process

9. Risk Analysis - Methodology
• Brainstorming
• Checklist
• Hazards Identification (HazID)
• Operational Hazards (HazOP)
• Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)
• Human Error Analysis (HEA)
• Technique of Operations Review (TOR)

10. The Risk Interaction Matrix

11. The Computations
GENERAL RISK ASSESSMENT QUOTIENT
RR = Risk Rating (100)
AVRR = Summation of Risk Rates ÷ N
Where;
AVRR = Average Risk Rate
N = Total number of risks triggers
e.g.
AVRR = 544 ÷ 39 = 13.95 (falls within 1 – 24) hence is an
acceptable risk

12. The Legend
Probability (Pr) Severity (S) Risk Rating (100)
1- No injury -
1- Rare Insignificant (have no
(uncommon) effect) No risk 0
2- Unlikely 2- Minor injury (little
(infrequent) effect, first aid?) Acceptable 1 - 24
3- Significant (may
3- possible ( Feasible pose a problem, Moderate risks (tolerate?) 25
but not common) hospitalisation?) - 50
4- Likely (has 4- Major (Will pose
before, will again) a problem, disability?) High risks 51 – 75
5- Critical
5- Certain (occurs (Immediate action Dangerous 76 -
frequently) required, deathly?) 100

13. Risk Assessment in EIA – strategy for DPR
• Expand the scope of ERA in the next EGASPIN
• Develop and adopt a standard risk assessment
technique
• Communicate standard to stake holders
• Incorporate standard ERA into EIA and
Environmental Audits of oil and gas retail outlets
• Integrate standard in review and decision
making
• Review standard every decade (with
EGASPIN?)

14. Conclusions and Recommendations
• ERA and EIA share the same objectives -
sustainability
• A local ERA standard for oil and gas retail
outlets will enhance their sustainability
• A standard ERA is strongly recommended
for EIA and Environmental audits of all oil
and gas retail outlets

15. Thank you for Listening
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