Richard Dyer is an English academic who specializes in film studies. He developed the star theory which argues that celebrities are constructed by media industries to make money by appealing to target audiences. Dyer's theory has three parts: celebrities are constructed and not realistic representations of themselves; celebrities are commodified to create profits from merchandise; and celebrities represent certain ideologies to influence audiences. Dyer's theory can be applied to understand how the music industry shapes boy bands to appeal to audiences, as seen with the creation and popularity of One Direction.

1. RICHARD DYER

2. Richard dyer was born in 1945 in Leeds, he is a English academic specialising
in cinema. In 2006 he became a professor of film studies at King’s college
London.
WHO IS RICHARD DYER

3. Richard’s star theory is icons and celebrities are made by institutions to gain
money and to target one specific audience. He believes that celebrities are shown
to represent real people going through real emotions. Icons and Celebes are
created through the music industry to serve a purpose which is to generate money
out of their target audience because fans adore these Celebes and therefore buy
their music and products.
Richard Dyer star theory broken down in 3 areas
the star as construction - the celeb is a construction and not how they really act
around people they know e.g. Miley Cyrus
the star as a commodity – Celebrities are used to create profit of their
merchandise e.g. 5 seconds of summer
the star being an ideology – the celeb will show a certain social group and
views/opinions which will give people different ideologies.
RICHARD DYER STAR THEORY

4. Richard Dyer theory relates to the music industry because record companies
develop and shape theirs stars into who they are today. Stars are designed into
what audiences would like to hear, this could be the reason why we see so
many boy bands in the music industry.
HOW IT RELATES TO THE MUSIC
INDUSTRY

5. One Direction are probably the biggest example which proves Richard Dyer
theory right. One direction started as four solo artists on a TV show called the
X factor. All 4 acts were got sent home after reaching the judges houses but
were then brought back as a group as soon became very popular on the live
shows and even though they didn’t win the show they were deemed for
success. After the series had finished the group were signed up Simon Cowell’s
label and from there they have just got bigger and bigger and they are now
know as the biggest boy band in the world, 1D are also used to create
commodity. This was all made possible through 1D appealing to the audience.
EXAMPLES OF CELEBRITIES

6. This will apply to my magazine because I am looking to create an idea in the
audience mind. My artist will have a certain social group and from this people
will create ideologies about him. The reason why am going to create this
impression is because with hip hop artists there is a stereotype about them
being self confident and arrogant. The target audience is going to be around 9
+ and above, this hip hop artist will eradicate and increase the fan base. My
star would like to be used as a commodity because he wants to be the most
famous hip-hop artist of all time.
HOW WILL THIS APPLY TO YOUR
MAGAZINE