1. Emily, Jade, Clara, and Tilly built a Rube Goldberg machine using a cardboard tube, dominoes, a toy train, matchbox car, crochet ball, wooden wedge, and hole puncher to punch a piece of paper. 2. They went through several design changes before settling on using the hole puncher, and encountered problems like levers not working properly that they had to solve. 3. They incorporated four simple machines - an inclined plane, wedge, lever, and wheel and axle. The machine worked on their second try and they learned that perseverance leads to success.