This document provides a summary of the key plot points and themes of Harper Lee's novel "To Kill a Mockingbird". It takes place in 1930s Alabama and is narrated by Scout Finch. Her father, Atticus, is a lawyer who defends a black man, Tom Robinson, against false rape charges, polarizing the community. Despite evidence of his innocence, Tom is found guilty. Later, Scout and Jem are attacked by Bob Ewell, the man who falsely accused Tom, but are saved by their reclusive neighbor, Boo Radley. The novel addresses themes of racial injustice, courage, growing up, education, and prejudice in the Deep South.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
2. The American Civil War Between 1861 and 1865 Slavery was legal in the southern states of the US Forced to recognise the legal equality of black and white people Attitudes did not change
3. The Depression of the 1930’s Wall Street stock market crash of 1929 Poverty on an international scale affected the southern states No real improvement until WW2
4. Civil Rights Issue Blacks were still treated as 2nd class citizens Beginning of black consciousness in late 1950s Reverend Martin Luther King Jr and the Civil Rights movement
5. Brief Summary Set in Maycomb, Alabama (southern US), 1930s Narrated by Jean Louise Finch , aka ‘Scout’ Scout, Jem & Dill want to see Arthur Radley (‘Boo’) Scout & Jem’s father, Atticus is a lawyer Calpurnia, their Negro cook Members of the community
6. Brief Summary Jem rolls Scout in a tyre into Boo Radley’s front garden Presents are left for them by Boo Radley Jem’s pants which were stripped off in his escape from the house were repaired and left for Jem The children build a relationship with the recluse which dawns on Jem as time goes on
7. Brief Summary Self-contained scenes: scene in school, fire, first encounter with snow, family Christmas at their aunt’s house, shooting of a rabid dog, Jem’s punishment The children learn important lessons about life
8. Brief Summary Image of Atticus: intelligent, wise, moral Atticus has to defend a negro, Tom Robinson, who has been accused of raping a white girl, MayellaEwell Atticus’ decision polarises the community
9. Brief Summary A group of men come to see Atticus at his house and he decides to spend the night outside the jail where Tom is held The children follow him and get caught in the middle of a lynch mob The children attend the trial and see the evidence that Tom Robinson is innocent but is still found guilty.
10. Brief Summary Jem is unable to come to terms with what has happened. Miss Maudie Atkinson, their neighbour, consoles Jem Bob Ewell, father of Mayella, decides to have revenge on Atticus Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape from the jail
11. Brief Summary On their way home after Scout’s Halloween pageant, Scout and Jem are attacked by Bob Ewell Jem’s arm is broken They are saved by Boo Radley Bob Ewell is killed in the scuffle
12. Brief Summary Atticus is convinced that Jem killed Bob Ewell Sheriff convinces him that it was Boo Radley He spreads news that Bob Ewell fell on his own knife Scout and Jem are maturing and learning about the world
14. Education 2 forms of education: through school & through observation of life Scout finds that school education is limited, boring & useless She can already read & write, and this is seen as a handicap Scout learns valuable lessons outside of school: behaviour from Calpurnia, tolerance from Atticus, calmness & dignity from Aunt Alexandra
15. Growing up Concept of maturity Jem, being older, matures much faster than Scout in both behaviour & understanding Atticus teaches them tolerance, understanding, and seeing things from the viewpoint of other people Jemsympathises with Mrs Dubose and Boo Radley Scout feels sympathy for Mayella Both Scout and Jem begin to use their powers of reason far more than their emotions
16. Courage Jem: childish courage of accepting a dare, real courage of staying with his father to face the mob, physical courage of defending his sister against attack Atticus: moral courage in taking on the unpopular case, physical courage in facing the mad dog and mob in the jail Scout: moral courage to turn away from fights in response to Atticus’ request Bob Ewell’s lack of courage
17. Law & Justice Atticus & Judge Taylor believe in the law, but are unable to make sure that justice is done Law is only as good as the jury Heck Tate, the sheriff, has to uphold the law, makes a ruling based on commonsense, natural justice & decency Emphasis through the eyes of a young child whose view is clear & unbiased
18. Prejudice Racialism is so entrenched in the society that no one seems to notice how prejudiced they are Aunt Alexandra is prejudiced against people because of their families Boo Radley as victim of prejudice due to his lack of conformity Atticus is the embodiment of tolerance, ignores race or family
19. Mockingbird Motif Idea that it is wrong to attack innocents for no reason Boo Radley and Tom Robinson as human versions of the mockingbird Innocence of childhood and justice itself are destroyed by what happens in court
20. Characters Atticus Scout Jem Calpurnia Miss Maudie Atkinson Heck Tate Tom Robinson Boo Radley Bob Ewell MayellaEwell Miss Stephanie Crawford Aunt Alexandra
21. Atticus Courageous, honest, moral man who tries to bring up his children well He tries to show them by example how to live their life, not by just telling them what to do He hides nothing, is always courteous, listens with respect, truthful, good humoured, calm Embodies Christian virtues: faith in the law, hopes in his fellow man, charitable to all
22. Atticus Insists on good manners & correct behaviour Brave both morally & physically Respected by all Tolerant to a fault, tries to instill this in his children Able to see the other person’s point of view
23. Scout Tomboy who enjoys rough games & fighting Matures & develops as the story unfolds Open & friendly Depends more on an emotional response to problems Sensitive to other people’s feelings
24. Jem Initially lacks consideration for Boo Radley Believes in many childish superstitions which he dispenses with later Grows a little patronising towards his sister Reads a lot, thinks & argues a lot, takes things to heart More self-centred than Scout More sensitive to the feelings of others & less easy to provoke
25. Jem Comes to resemble his father Generous & compassionate Perseverance Fighter and wants to improve the system rather than ignore it
26. Calpurnia Mother figure to the children: looks after them, scolds them when necessary, teaches them correct behaviour, shows them the Christian way of life, supports Atticus Aware of the differences between black & white societies Highly respected for her character & judgment by Atticus
27. Miss Maudie Voice of reason Supports Atticus in all he does RecognisesJem’s new status as a thinking adult Optimist Loyal to her friends
28. Heck Tate Voice of the law without prejudice Genuine & honest Dispenses justice where the law has failed to do so
29. Tom Robinson Victim of prejudice Pity for and generosity towards Mayella are not liked by the white people in the court Intelligent & tactful enough not to repeat the error
30. Bob Ewell Cocky and arrogant Enjoys his moment in the spotlight Cowardly, attacking Helen Robinson & children Racially prejudiced Slight suggestion that he may have sexually abused his daughter
31. Stephanie Crawford Hypocrite Goes around ‘doing good’ but has a vicious tongue & is uncharitable Responsible for the children’s early lurid view of Boo Radley
32. Aunt Alexandra Strength & dignity that carries her through most crises First appears as cold and harsh Real love for Atticus becomes clear Shows concern for Jem and Scout
33. Useful quotes Ms Maudie: Your father’s right. Mockingbirds just make music. They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs; they don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.(page 3) Atticus: There’s something I’d like to ask. If you’ll do it, you’ll get along a lot better with all kinds. You see, you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view.(page 15)
34. Useful quotes Atticus: And I hope you can get through what’s coming without catching Maycomb’s usual disease. Why reasonable people go start raving mad when anything involving a Negro comes up is something I don’t pretend to understand.(page 20) Ms Maudie: If your father’s anything, he’s civilised. Marksmanship like that’s a gift of God. I think maybe he put his gun down when he realised God had given him an unfair advantage.(page 29)
35. Useful quotes Atticus: So a quiet, respectable Negro man who had the unmitigated temerity to feel sorry for a white woman is on trial for his life. He’s had to put his word against his two white accusers. I need not remind you of their conduct here in court – their cynical confidence that you gentlemen would go along with them on the assumption – the evil assumption – that all Negros lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral, an assumption one associates with minds of their calibre. However, you know the truth – and the truth is, some Negroes lie, and some Negro men are not to be trusted around women – black or white. And so with some white men. This is a truth that applies to the entire human race, and to no particular race.(page 78)
36. Useful quotes Atticus: I’m no idealist to believe so firmly in the integrity of our courts and in the jury system – that’s no ideal to me, it is a living, working reality. But a court is only as sound as its jury, and a jury is only as sound as the men who make it up.(page 79)