This document discusses taxation of extractive industries in 3 paragraphs: 1) Extractive industries provide significant revenues for many countries. There are various fiscal instruments like royalties, corporate taxes, bonuses and others that countries use to tax extractive projects. Effective tax systems balance compensation for resource use with investor returns and ensure stable, predictable revenues. 2) Different regimes like licensing, production sharing or contracts are used. Special features of extractives include large upfront costs, unpredictable revenues, economic rents, and base erosion through transfer pricing. Countries must consider administration capacity when designing their tax system. 3) The right fiscal system balances early revenues with long-term investment while providing reliable streams. It also considers progressivity