Housing which does not promote and ensures desired level of satisfaction, among users, invariably remain underutilized, misused and abused by the community. Resources spent on creating such shelter also remain under-utilized and generally go waste. Accordingly, shelter created, should invariably include housing satisfaction, as integral part of siting, planning ,designing, construction and management of housing neighborhoods. Unfortunately, most of the public agencies involved in creating housing stock have little knowledge and understanding of the context, relevance and importance of housing satisfaction, which is not appropriately spaced and addressed in the housing stock created . Agencies involved in urban planning and planning of human settlements also do not include user satisfaction, while planning, designing the residential component at the local and city level. For understanding the context / genesis of the housing satisfaction and its inclusion in all policies/ projects ,it will be important that detailed studies/ surveys of the existing housing stock should be conducted, for assessing the level of user’s satisfaction/dissatisfaction and evaluate critical factors promoting housing satisfaction among users, besides generating valuable information on urban renewal and neighborhoods ; offering insight to which specific neighborhood problems are of major concern .Analysis may help housing associations / stakeholders engaged in developing urban housing find right policy mix to improve overall quality of life in the residential neighborhood through improved housing satisfaction. Based on the study, detailed guidelines can be evolved/ made operational, for making it integral part of all the new housing projects to generate desired level of satisfaction among the beneficiaries of the houses Furthermore, they also need to define which neighborhood characteristics have a positive influence on residential satisfaction and which do not. In the absence of such guidelines, effort invariably remain focused more on physical and economic characteristics as determinants of residential satisfaction, while ignoring other social, cultural and environmental aspects.
Appraisal of Customer Satisfaction in Apartments - A case study of DelhiPinkiinsanSinghSingh
This document summarizes research on customer satisfaction with apartments in Delhi, India. It begins by describing a study that used stratified sampling to survey 450 respondents from nine zones in Delhi. The study found through exploratory factor analysis that location and accessibility were the most important factors influencing residential satisfaction, followed by recreational facilities, environmental attributes, physical layout, and location attractiveness. It then reviews other literature on factors influencing customer satisfaction in housing, including facilities, social and economic considerations, and the importance of location, quality, and cost. Housing quality depends not just on the dwelling itself but also the surrounding environment and community.
Community-Centric Real Estate_ Blueprint for Success by Anil Damani.pdfAnil Damani
Moreover, community-centric real estate goes beyond the physical aspects of properties to focus on creating inclusive and diverse neighborhoods. Developers are incorporating features such as mixed-income housing, affordable housing options, and accessible amenities to ensure that communities are welcoming to people from all walks of life. By promoting diversity and inclusivity, these developments foster a sense of unity and solidarity among residents, strengthening the fabric of the community.
Properties equipped with reliable and high-speed internet access are often rated more favorably. In today's connected world, internet connectivity is a crucial consideration for many residents.
This document summarizes an individual assignment on awareness of implementing sustainable housing development. It begins by defining sustainable development and noting that awareness of issues is important for considering environmental, social, and economic impacts. It then discusses that lack of awareness is a major barrier, as many stakeholders and developers do not understand sustainable housing benefits. This lack of awareness leads to problems like wasted resources and missing long-term economic benefits. The document concludes by recommending increasing public education through schools, media, and government policies to encourage developers to consider sustainability and help more people understand the long-term benefits.
Managing Cost and Making Housing Cost - Copy - Copy.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Owning house is a lifetime goal, dream and desire, which every individual wish to achieve and fulfill during his/her lifetime. However, housing remains both cost-intensive and resource extensive activity, which involves lifetime investment and decision making, based on host of personal and extraneous factors. Housing costs remains a complex issue involving large components including cost of land (costs of purchase, titling, registration duties, obtaining planning approval, and any necessary cost of environmental remediation or relocation); cost of providing infrastructure/services involving water systems, electricity grids, heating and cooling networks, roads, security systems, sanitation; and cost of construction of buildings etc.(including labor and materials cost ), transportation cost, government levies, management cost and taxes. While constructing shelter every owner/builder wishes to have a house of highest quality, built in the shortest possible time but involving minimum financial cost. Accordingly, cost remains at the core of house being constructed besides the quality and the time. However, majority of the individuals and architects consider only the housing cost, which refers to the initial cost, which goes into making of the house.
Managing Cost and Making Housing Cost - Copy.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cost, quality and time have universally dictated the entire gamut of construction before issues related to resources, energy, water, bio-diversity and ecology were brought in to make construction sector sustainable , cost-effective, energy efficient, least consumer of energy and generators of waste. Globally, professionals and developers are trying to search for options, which makes building affordable for users/owners, not only during construction but also during the entire life span of existence of structure. When looking at the context of affordability in housing, employment, crime, cost or travel and quality of life emerge as the major determinants. High crime rates adversely impact the housing , making it unaffordable due to lower acceptability of neighbourhood and presence of less economic opportunities in the nearby areas. Making people travel large distances /spending more money/time for accessing job, amenities, education and health services makes housing cost-intensive, unaffordable. 15/20-minute neighborhood can promote affordability. For lowering the life-cycle cost, affordable housing should be closely linked with, both in time, space and distance, to the productive economic activities and job market in the city besides lowering the operational cost of housing. Architectural Design holds key to make building sustainable.
Appraisal of Customer Satisfaction in Apartments - A case study of DelhiPinkiinsanSinghSingh
This document summarizes research on customer satisfaction with apartments in Delhi, India. It begins by describing a study that used stratified sampling to survey 450 respondents from nine zones in Delhi. The study found through exploratory factor analysis that location and accessibility were the most important factors influencing residential satisfaction, followed by recreational facilities, environmental attributes, physical layout, and location attractiveness. It then reviews other literature on factors influencing customer satisfaction in housing, including facilities, social and economic considerations, and the importance of location, quality, and cost. Housing quality depends not just on the dwelling itself but also the surrounding environment and community.
Community-Centric Real Estate_ Blueprint for Success by Anil Damani.pdfAnil Damani
Moreover, community-centric real estate goes beyond the physical aspects of properties to focus on creating inclusive and diverse neighborhoods. Developers are incorporating features such as mixed-income housing, affordable housing options, and accessible amenities to ensure that communities are welcoming to people from all walks of life. By promoting diversity and inclusivity, these developments foster a sense of unity and solidarity among residents, strengthening the fabric of the community.
Properties equipped with reliable and high-speed internet access are often rated more favorably. In today's connected world, internet connectivity is a crucial consideration for many residents.
This document summarizes an individual assignment on awareness of implementing sustainable housing development. It begins by defining sustainable development and noting that awareness of issues is important for considering environmental, social, and economic impacts. It then discusses that lack of awareness is a major barrier, as many stakeholders and developers do not understand sustainable housing benefits. This lack of awareness leads to problems like wasted resources and missing long-term economic benefits. The document concludes by recommending increasing public education through schools, media, and government policies to encourage developers to consider sustainability and help more people understand the long-term benefits.
Managing Cost and Making Housing Cost - Copy - Copy.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Owning house is a lifetime goal, dream and desire, which every individual wish to achieve and fulfill during his/her lifetime. However, housing remains both cost-intensive and resource extensive activity, which involves lifetime investment and decision making, based on host of personal and extraneous factors. Housing costs remains a complex issue involving large components including cost of land (costs of purchase, titling, registration duties, obtaining planning approval, and any necessary cost of environmental remediation or relocation); cost of providing infrastructure/services involving water systems, electricity grids, heating and cooling networks, roads, security systems, sanitation; and cost of construction of buildings etc.(including labor and materials cost ), transportation cost, government levies, management cost and taxes. While constructing shelter every owner/builder wishes to have a house of highest quality, built in the shortest possible time but involving minimum financial cost. Accordingly, cost remains at the core of house being constructed besides the quality and the time. However, majority of the individuals and architects consider only the housing cost, which refers to the initial cost, which goes into making of the house.
Managing Cost and Making Housing Cost - Copy.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cost, quality and time have universally dictated the entire gamut of construction before issues related to resources, energy, water, bio-diversity and ecology were brought in to make construction sector sustainable , cost-effective, energy efficient, least consumer of energy and generators of waste. Globally, professionals and developers are trying to search for options, which makes building affordable for users/owners, not only during construction but also during the entire life span of existence of structure. When looking at the context of affordability in housing, employment, crime, cost or travel and quality of life emerge as the major determinants. High crime rates adversely impact the housing , making it unaffordable due to lower acceptability of neighbourhood and presence of less economic opportunities in the nearby areas. Making people travel large distances /spending more money/time for accessing job, amenities, education and health services makes housing cost-intensive, unaffordable. 15/20-minute neighborhood can promote affordability. For lowering the life-cycle cost, affordable housing should be closely linked with, both in time, space and distance, to the productive economic activities and job market in the city besides lowering the operational cost of housing. Architectural Design holds key to make building sustainable.
Assessment of Housing Quality and Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Gi...YahayaAdoUmar1
This Paper Assessed Of Housing Quality And Sustainable Development: A Case Study Of Giginyu, Nassarawa Local Government, Kano State. Convenient Sampling Was Used To Obtain 300heads Of Households As Respondents In Study Area Covering Kawo/Badawa, Giginyu, And Nassarawa Gra. Descriptive Statistics Were Employed To Analysed The Data Obtained From The Respondents. The Results Show That 256 (85%) Of The Respondents Live In A Single Household Houses, More Than Half Of The Respondents Occupied Traditional Houses, And More Than Half Also Live In Houses With 4 – 6 Rooms, And More Than Two-Third Of The Respondents Have One Window, More Than About One-Third Of Them Have No Living Rooms/ Parlour. The Results Further Shows That Over One-Third Of The Respondents Have One Living Room, Less Than One-Third Have No Bathrooms In Their Houses, More Than One-Third Have Only One Bathroom, And Majority Have One Window. The Results Also Revealed That More Than Half Of The Respondents Have Windows That Face North And South Direction, And Small Windows And Majority Sourced Water Form Well And Water Vendors. In Addition, More Than Half Dispose Wastes In Uncompleted Buildings Or Open Spaces, And Occupied Houses Littered With Dirt And Noisy Conditions, While Majority Of The Houses Have No Landscaping And More Than Have Only One Among The Listed Facilities. The Finding Of Multiple Regression Revealed That Direction Window Faces Has The Largest Beta Coefficient Of 0.682 Followed By The Size Of The Window With 0.562 Beta Coefficient Arethe Strongest Unique Predictors That Explain The Variation In Ventilation And Room Lighting, When The Variance Explained By Other Predictors In The Model Is Controlled. It Is Recommended That For Achievement Of Sustainable Human Settlement As Enshrine In The Sustainable Development Goals, Housing Facilities In Informal Housing Areas In The Study Area Have To Improved And Direction Window Faces As Well As Dimension Of Widows Need To Be Considered For Adequate Ventilation And Room Lighting In Houses.
Managing cost and making housing cost- EffectiveJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Housing is known to be the most cost-intensive, labor intensive, resource intensive activity and accordingly remains most difficult to create and provide for individuals, states and nations. However, looking / considering at the length , breadth and depth of the housing and the components involved in the making of the housing, there exists numerous opportunities to make housing cost-effective and affordable. Paper accordingly looks at the options at how to make housing most affordable in terms of-- cost, money, resources etc. It looks at the options of architectural design, building materials, construction technologies, levies, taxes, fees, project management ,sourcing land etc. as the options to minimize the cost and make shelter affordable and cost-effective in terms of livability and quality of life.
Short write up looks at the Norms and standards evolved for the use of planners in undertaking exercise for planning of human settlements at city of local level- defining the role, importance, intent, content, approach and the objectives to be achieved.. It calls for rationalisation of planning norms based on research , with the aim to make them cost-effective, land efficient, more productive and people and sustainability focus
Home modifications are a key aspect of occupational therapy and help increase independence. Occupational therapists prescribe home modifications to address barriers in homes. Eligibility and funding for modifications varies across Australia. Home modifications can positively impact caring, relationships, and allowing clients to remain at home. However, modifications can also impact privacy, identity, and self-esteem. Occupational therapists consider multiple personal factors and tailor home modification recommendations to individual client needs and preferences.
The document discusses promoting the planning, design, and construction of a wider range of housing unit types to adequately house all income levels and age groups. It also encourages energy efficiency in new and existing housing and ensuring new housing developments are protected from potential flood hazards. The summary is as follows:
The document discusses promoting housing that meets the needs of all income levels and age groups through a wider range of housing unit types. It also promotes energy efficiency in housing and protecting new developments from flooding.
NPPG Seminar- Paul Watson spoken by Meredith Evans, MADE seminarDesign South East
The document provides guidance on national planning practice in the UK, including summaries of key documents and policies. It discusses the National Planning Policy Framework and guidance, with an emphasis on design, housing, sustainability, and other planning considerations. It also addresses how to approach pre-application discussions, design reviews, viability assessments, and determining planning applications in accordance with relevant policies and laws.
Carrie Niemy & Krista Egger, Enterprise Community PartntersMad*Pow
Designing Health through Housing
Where someone lives affects every aspect of their life, especially their health. Homes that are of lower quality, not well-designed and unaffordable have been linked to poor health, such as asthma, obesity, mental health challenges and more. For the most vulnerable populations who have the fewest choices in both their health care and their housing, there is an enormous opportunity to impact their health through their housing. This opportunity comes into focus in the building of subsidized affordable homes, which are more easily targeted for improvement due to their formal funding structure. Enterprise Community Partners, a national affordable housing intermediary, is tackling the long-term goal of improving health through housing. This presentation introduces the complex affordable housing system and the unique challenges it presents to adopting people-centered design, and then walks through two specific tools that present system-changing solutions: the Design Matters Toolkit and the Health Action Plan. The Design Matters Toolkit provides simple suggested behavior changes for affordable housing developers to incorporate more health outcomes into their properties, and Enterprise’s Health Action Plan framework guides developers through a structured process to partner with public health professionals to identify the highest impact resident health outcomes that can be influenced by the built environment, integrate relevant interventions in the design and development or rehabilitation of homes, and to measure the impact of those changes.
Definition of Zoning,Land use planning,Urban planning,Urban and regional planning,Regional planning,Zones,Zone planning,Land use planning in india,objectives of land use planning,objectives of zone planning
Role and Relevance of Architects and architecture in SustainabilityJIT KUMAR GUPTA
This brief text on Role, Relevance and importance of Architects and profession of Architecture in making this world and human settlements more livable, climate responsive and sustainable has been prepared as commitment of the professionals and profession of Architects on this World Environment Day ; June 5th , 2024 , with the hope that profession would be understood, valued ,appreciated and empowered in the right context for enabling it play its designated role in making built environment qualitative, cost-effective, energy-efficient, eco-friendly, safe and sustainable.
Mobile Housing Board -Capital Fund and Development Director-PDKimberly Sallie
Mobile Housing Board, is looking for outstanding candidates for their next Capital Fund and Development Director. If interested, please send resume' to Ernest Barefield at Ernest@gansgans.com.
The document summarizes a housing survey presented to Berkeley council members. The survey compared resident experiences in inclusionary affordable housing units (scattered sites) versus non-profit affordable housing complexes. While residents of both were generally satisfied, relationships between neighbors seemed deeper in non-profit housing where more knew each other. The conclusion is there is no compelling reason based on resident satisfaction to prioritize inclusionary housing over non-profit housing.
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE AFFORDABLE HOUSING FOR THE RURAL POO...Tony Lisko
1. The document introduces a conceptual framework for sustainable and affordable housing for rural poor in less developed economies.
2. The framework shows that housing development involves balancing socio-cultural needs, economic aspects, available technology, and environmental concerns.
3. It aims to define housing problems from the beneficiaries' perspectives to help develop policies that facilitate sustainable and affordable housing.
MA literature review - social housing and property valuesVanessa Roccisano
The document summarizes research on the impact of social housing on surrounding property values. It finds:
- There is no consensus that social housing consistently negatively or positively impacts property values. Other neighborhood factors usually have a greater influence.
- Recent Australian studies found no appreciable impact of social housing on surrounding property values. The scale of social housing developments was also not associated with property values.
- Social housing can have a positive impact if it replaces depressed conditions through neighborhood renewal. Large-scale developments in disadvantaged neighborhoods tended to have a greater positive effect compared to smaller developments.
- Good management of social housing properties and involvement of local communities in the development process can help mitigate any negative impacts.
This work studies the form, structure, construction materials used, facilities provided in a rural housing and also to study the effect of housing policies on housing development in the rural area
The document discusses several topics related to housing:
1. It defines housing and what it provides like shelter, safety, and comfort.
2. It discusses the classification of housing by type, size, amenities, location, ownership, and other features.
3. It presents the five dimensions of global housing - integrated housing framework, inclusive housing, affordable housing, adequate housing, and informal settlement upgrading.
Suicide Prevention through Architecture (Building) and City PlanningGAURAV. H .TANDON
Suicide Prevention through Architecture (Building) and City Planning
Accessing The Potentials Of CPTED Principles In Addressing Safety Concerns Of Suicide Prevention In City Planning
Suicide Prevention through Architecture (Building) and City PlanningGAURAV. H .TANDON
Suicide Prevention through Architecture (Building) and City Planning
Accessing The Potentials Of CPTED Principles In Addressing Safety Concerns Of Suicide Prevention In City Planning
This presentation discusses sustainable housing across environmental, social, cultural, and economic dimensions. Sustainable housing can promote development while addressing problems like urbanization, poverty, and climate change. It considers how housing impacts the environment through resource use and pollution, and how the environment impacts housing through hazards. Socially and culturally, housing meets basic needs but also supports community development. Economically, housing is a major asset and industry that affects household costs, employment, and resource flows. The conclusion emphasizes finding a balance across these sustainability dimensions.
Running Head DRAFTING A PROCESS EVALUATION1DRAFTING A PROCES.docxcharisellington63520
The document discusses a housing program created by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development to provide housing and support services for elderly and disabled individuals with low incomes. The program utilizes service coordinators and a grant to fund housing and pay coordinator salaries. It aims to allow individuals to age in place by improving housing quality and establishing partnerships to ensure accessible housing. An evaluation of the program is discussed to assess effectiveness, budgeting, and resident satisfaction. Questions for the evaluation focus on implementation details, resident demographics and needs, service delivery, and reasons for lack of utilization. Information will be gathered through methods like interviews and surveys to understand how the program can be improved.
C & I participatory governance in peatland restoration CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Dwi Rahmad Muhtaman, Chief Executive of Sustainable Consultancy, Re-mark Asia Group, at Webinar "A Synthesis and Way Forward", 17 December 2020.
This session explained what good governance is and how social engagement is one of the important aspects of good governance. Speaker suggested recognition of the rights, customs, and culture of the community; identify a special relationship between the stakeholders and site; engage throughout the steps of monitoring starting from planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, to reporting and maintaining the project as the potential criteria for measuring social engagement in peatland restoration.
Role of Climate in the Development of old and new cities Case study Jaisalme...JitKumarGupta1
Destroying natural fabric, Exploiting and misusing natural resources, ignoring /marginalizing nature, has led to climate changes at the local /global levels . Phenomenon gained momentum in the post- industrial revolution . Global warming, depletion of ozone layer, change in rainfall pattern and seasons, have adversely impacted both developed and developing countries. Part of climate change is also to be shared by towns and cities and the way they are planned, designed and developed. Accordingly, there is need to study impact of planning and development of human settlements on climatic change. Architects and Planners can play critical role in mitigating adverse impact of climate change by planning and designing human settlements using nature and natural elements of sun, space and greenery. Studying and evaluating the planning and designing of desert cities of India, and Iran i.e. Jaisalmer and Yazd respectively and also the new Arabian city of Masdar, in the context of prevailing climatic conditions and the way natural elements have been used to make cities sustainable in the face of adverse climatic conditions provide valuable message for the professionals in the art and science of planning and designing cities.
Strategies for Promoting Good Urban Governance at Local LevelJitKumarGupta1
Indian cities are being run/managed by proxy without an ownership and quality leadership. Accordingly, cities are being misused, abused and manipulated, to serve the personal interests, ignoring the larger public interests and interests of the stakeholders / residents. Indian cities galore with multiplicity of laws and multiplicity of agencies operating , working invariably at cross purposes . Quality leadership is conspicuous by its absence. Manpower involved with the management of the cities has little capacity, understanding and expertise in dealing with the challenges faced by cities. The administrative, planning and development capacity is totally lacking in manpower / resources. So cities and residents are suffering . There exists little commitment to put urban governance on higher pedestal of quality, performance, effectiveness and efficiency. McKinsey Global report has outlined three- pronged strategy to make cities great places to live and work involving Achieving Smart Growth; Doing More with Less and Winning Support for a Change. Despite the fact that role of urban local bodies remains vital in urban governance and 74th Constitution Amendment have put them on the pedestals of government in their own right ,but their structure ,resources ,culture/capacity in the area of urban governance remains marginalised. Growing size, population and complexities of the problems and challenges make the task all the more difficult/challenging .Good urban governance should involve; improving capacity to govern ; improving institutional, technical, administrative and political capacities; making available skilled manpower; providing Sufficient resources and quality manpower; incentivising good performance ; reviewing/rationalising legal framework ; defining Unified law; promoting fruitful partnership between state/ local bodies; creating grievances redressal cells ; involving communities ; disseminating examples of good governance; to fulfil the vision of a planned, healthy, productive, sustainable, liveable and efficient urban settlement in years to come.
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This Paper Assessed Of Housing Quality And Sustainable Development: A Case Study Of Giginyu, Nassarawa Local Government, Kano State. Convenient Sampling Was Used To Obtain 300heads Of Households As Respondents In Study Area Covering Kawo/Badawa, Giginyu, And Nassarawa Gra. Descriptive Statistics Were Employed To Analysed The Data Obtained From The Respondents. The Results Show That 256 (85%) Of The Respondents Live In A Single Household Houses, More Than Half Of The Respondents Occupied Traditional Houses, And More Than Half Also Live In Houses With 4 – 6 Rooms, And More Than Two-Third Of The Respondents Have One Window, More Than About One-Third Of Them Have No Living Rooms/ Parlour. The Results Further Shows That Over One-Third Of The Respondents Have One Living Room, Less Than One-Third Have No Bathrooms In Their Houses, More Than One-Third Have Only One Bathroom, And Majority Have One Window. The Results Also Revealed That More Than Half Of The Respondents Have Windows That Face North And South Direction, And Small Windows And Majority Sourced Water Form Well And Water Vendors. In Addition, More Than Half Dispose Wastes In Uncompleted Buildings Or Open Spaces, And Occupied Houses Littered With Dirt And Noisy Conditions, While Majority Of The Houses Have No Landscaping And More Than Have Only One Among The Listed Facilities. The Finding Of Multiple Regression Revealed That Direction Window Faces Has The Largest Beta Coefficient Of 0.682 Followed By The Size Of The Window With 0.562 Beta Coefficient Arethe Strongest Unique Predictors That Explain The Variation In Ventilation And Room Lighting, When The Variance Explained By Other Predictors In The Model Is Controlled. It Is Recommended That For Achievement Of Sustainable Human Settlement As Enshrine In The Sustainable Development Goals, Housing Facilities In Informal Housing Areas In The Study Area Have To Improved And Direction Window Faces As Well As Dimension Of Widows Need To Be Considered For Adequate Ventilation And Room Lighting In Houses.
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Housing is known to be the most cost-intensive, labor intensive, resource intensive activity and accordingly remains most difficult to create and provide for individuals, states and nations. However, looking / considering at the length , breadth and depth of the housing and the components involved in the making of the housing, there exists numerous opportunities to make housing cost-effective and affordable. Paper accordingly looks at the options at how to make housing most affordable in terms of-- cost, money, resources etc. It looks at the options of architectural design, building materials, construction technologies, levies, taxes, fees, project management ,sourcing land etc. as the options to minimize the cost and make shelter affordable and cost-effective in terms of livability and quality of life.
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Home modifications are a key aspect of occupational therapy and help increase independence. Occupational therapists prescribe home modifications to address barriers in homes. Eligibility and funding for modifications varies across Australia. Home modifications can positively impact caring, relationships, and allowing clients to remain at home. However, modifications can also impact privacy, identity, and self-esteem. Occupational therapists consider multiple personal factors and tailor home modification recommendations to individual client needs and preferences.
The document discusses promoting the planning, design, and construction of a wider range of housing unit types to adequately house all income levels and age groups. It also encourages energy efficiency in new and existing housing and ensuring new housing developments are protected from potential flood hazards. The summary is as follows:
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1. The document introduces a conceptual framework for sustainable and affordable housing for rural poor in less developed economies.
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3. It aims to define housing problems from the beneficiaries' perspectives to help develop policies that facilitate sustainable and affordable housing.
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- There is no consensus that social housing consistently negatively or positively impacts property values. Other neighborhood factors usually have a greater influence.
- Recent Australian studies found no appreciable impact of social housing on surrounding property values. The scale of social housing developments was also not associated with property values.
- Social housing can have a positive impact if it replaces depressed conditions through neighborhood renewal. Large-scale developments in disadvantaged neighborhoods tended to have a greater positive effect compared to smaller developments.
- Good management of social housing properties and involvement of local communities in the development process can help mitigate any negative impacts.
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1. It defines housing and what it provides like shelter, safety, and comfort.
2. It discusses the classification of housing by type, size, amenities, location, ownership, and other features.
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This presentation discusses sustainable housing across environmental, social, cultural, and economic dimensions. Sustainable housing can promote development while addressing problems like urbanization, poverty, and climate change. It considers how housing impacts the environment through resource use and pollution, and how the environment impacts housing through hazards. Socially and culturally, housing meets basic needs but also supports community development. Economically, housing is a major asset and industry that affects household costs, employment, and resource flows. The conclusion emphasizes finding a balance across these sustainability dimensions.
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The document discusses a housing program created by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development to provide housing and support services for elderly and disabled individuals with low incomes. The program utilizes service coordinators and a grant to fund housing and pay coordinator salaries. It aims to allow individuals to age in place by improving housing quality and establishing partnerships to ensure accessible housing. An evaluation of the program is discussed to assess effectiveness, budgeting, and resident satisfaction. Questions for the evaluation focus on implementation details, resident demographics and needs, service delivery, and reasons for lack of utilization. Information will be gathered through methods like interviews and surveys to understand how the program can be improved.
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Similar to Residential Satisfaction as an option to Promote Quality Housing (20)
Role of Climate in the Development of old and new cities Case study Jaisalme...JitKumarGupta1
Destroying natural fabric, Exploiting and misusing natural resources, ignoring /marginalizing nature, has led to climate changes at the local /global levels . Phenomenon gained momentum in the post- industrial revolution . Global warming, depletion of ozone layer, change in rainfall pattern and seasons, have adversely impacted both developed and developing countries. Part of climate change is also to be shared by towns and cities and the way they are planned, designed and developed. Accordingly, there is need to study impact of planning and development of human settlements on climatic change. Architects and Planners can play critical role in mitigating adverse impact of climate change by planning and designing human settlements using nature and natural elements of sun, space and greenery. Studying and evaluating the planning and designing of desert cities of India, and Iran i.e. Jaisalmer and Yazd respectively and also the new Arabian city of Masdar, in the context of prevailing climatic conditions and the way natural elements have been used to make cities sustainable in the face of adverse climatic conditions provide valuable message for the professionals in the art and science of planning and designing cities.
Strategies for Promoting Good Urban Governance at Local LevelJitKumarGupta1
Indian cities are being run/managed by proxy without an ownership and quality leadership. Accordingly, cities are being misused, abused and manipulated, to serve the personal interests, ignoring the larger public interests and interests of the stakeholders / residents. Indian cities galore with multiplicity of laws and multiplicity of agencies operating , working invariably at cross purposes . Quality leadership is conspicuous by its absence. Manpower involved with the management of the cities has little capacity, understanding and expertise in dealing with the challenges faced by cities. The administrative, planning and development capacity is totally lacking in manpower / resources. So cities and residents are suffering . There exists little commitment to put urban governance on higher pedestal of quality, performance, effectiveness and efficiency. McKinsey Global report has outlined three- pronged strategy to make cities great places to live and work involving Achieving Smart Growth; Doing More with Less and Winning Support for a Change. Despite the fact that role of urban local bodies remains vital in urban governance and 74th Constitution Amendment have put them on the pedestals of government in their own right ,but their structure ,resources ,culture/capacity in the area of urban governance remains marginalised. Growing size, population and complexities of the problems and challenges make the task all the more difficult/challenging .Good urban governance should involve; improving capacity to govern ; improving institutional, technical, administrative and political capacities; making available skilled manpower; providing Sufficient resources and quality manpower; incentivising good performance ; reviewing/rationalising legal framework ; defining Unified law; promoting fruitful partnership between state/ local bodies; creating grievances redressal cells ; involving communities ; disseminating examples of good governance; to fulfil the vision of a planned, healthy, productive, sustainable, liveable and efficient urban settlement in years to come.
Water known as elixir of life, needs to be valued as agift of nature and not traded as a commercial commodity.Water remains in available in limited capacity. With increase in human number water consumption is increasing many fold. Water needs to be managed and used in the manner of a circular economy. Water needs to be managed effectively and efficiently.
Land Role, Importance and Implications for Human Living and UrbanizationJitKumarGupta1
Land, as a gift of nature remains most valuable. Providing platform for all human activities, land always remain in demand. Increasing number of human beings, getting concentrated in small area, makes land most valuable. Options which are being used to leverage land for generating wealth, has made land as a commodity, which is being traded to generate maximum profit and revenue. All parastatal agencies and all urban local bodies are looking land as a goldmine for providing maximum wealth for the city. Speculation, holding land as investment is gaining currency. Land is being manipulated, used , abused at various levels for investing/generating large amount of black/unaccounted money. Land has emerged as the most preferred agenda for power to be as a medium of corruption. Large syndicates are emerging in metro cities which are dealing in land purely for speculative purposes. Looking at the limited availability of land and its numerous applications in the urban and rural context, land needs to be respected and valued not as a commodity but as a gift of nature, to be preserved, conserved, protected and promoted by making value addition to promote larger public interest and not the personal interest. Issue assumes importance for land stressed country like , India which has only 2.4% global land holding 17.6% of global land. India will do well to evolve a policy option which does not allow land to be traded as a commodity.
Designing for smart and Inclusive Cities in indiaJitKumarGupta1
Making cities Smart remains an illusion/ mirage and a fallacy in this world, which is illogically and irrationally being chased and promoted by politician, administrators and people in the power. How can cities be made Smart, both conceptually and physically, when cities are marked by dualities and contradictions, when it cannot take care of its stakeholders; Create ownership among them; provide them basic infrastructures, amenities and services; assure them appropriate employment and economic options; provide them with reasonable shelter; ensure healthy living. Cities cannot be made Smart till poverty continue to rule the cities; where planning remains marginalized/diluted; where multiplicity of agencies continue to operate and rule in contradiction to each other; where decision made remain mired with subjectivity; where there is total lack of ownership; where leadership has no understanding of the city growth and development and where manpower deployed remain inadequately qualified to understand and address the issues of urbanization. Cities would require more focus and will need care and caution, provided with the input of professionals who can lead the cities to make them more livable. I think need is to move from and focus on promoting livability rather than smartness. How can we achieve the objective of livability, should remain the agenda for all professionals and stake holders involved with making cities Smart.
Globally, cities are being treated as commodity, used , traded and speculated for generating more money and large wealth for individuals, communities, states and nations for making them rich and prosperous. Despite creating large space for human living, working, care of body & spirit, mobility and employment, cities are made to reel under enormous stress bordering on deficient infrastructure and services. Despite consuming minimum land for housing large population in a limited area, cities are being made places of large land speculation. Considering the major implications of cities in promoting sustainability, economy, productivity, employment, quality of life ;urban spaces need care and healing on priority. It is not the city which are culprits for all the social, economic and environmental ills, it is in fact the way cities have been treated and made to grow, develop and expand. Cities need care and focus to understand the genesis of their problems and evolving appropriate solutions to heal them. Cities need appropriate empowerment, supportive planning, enabling resources and state of art technologies which enable them create happy and healthy spaces for human living. Cities need to be treated like organic/ living entities, requiring appropriate environment, infrastructure and services to enable them to play their designated role in human emancipation and promoting global sustainability effectively and efficiently. Cities would require innovations and out of box thinking to make them safe, resilient, inclusive and sustainable.
Neighborhood planning in capital city of chandigarh an appraisal JitKumarGupta1
Neighborhood as an idea, concept, option and strategy has been extensively used globally by Architects and Urban Planners to plan and decentralize cities, create cities within cities, promote self-contained communities and to make cities more humane, safe and socially interactive. Accordingly, large typologies of neighborhood planning and designing with varying shapes, sizes and contents have emerged in the urban context with Americans using superblock and French using Sector for the neighborhood planning. Despite high degree of relevance, neighborhood planning has not been able to deliver the envisioned objectives. Cities in the process have been socially and physically fragmented, leading to clear division into different communities with little physical and social connectivity. Variance of planning and designing norms followed at neighborhood and sub-neighborhood levels have promoted more dichotomy and contradictions with varying quality of life. Differential population and infrastructures have divided the city into high and low end neighborhoods. City fabric in large cases has emerged as distinct social map of communities graded on the area/location basis with neighborhood planning emerging as instrument of social segregation/division. Neighborhood has been used in the planning of capital city of Chandigarh (India) with entire city fabric woven around Sector as the basic unit. In order to understand the neighborhood planning in the context of Chandigarh, It will be at appropriate to look, critically and objectively, at the entire context of sector planning with focus on basic philosophy and approach followed by eminent Architect Le Corbusier and his team in all three phases of city development, bringing out the issues, efficacy and efficiency of Neighborhood unit and its impact on growth and development agenda of the Chandigarh in the present context.
Neighborhood planning in capital city of chandigarh an appraisal JitKumarGupta1
Neighborhood as an idea, concept, option and strategy has been extensively used globally by Architects and Urban Planners to plan and decentralize cities, create cities within cities, promote self-contained communities and to make cities more humane, safe and socially interactive. Accordingly, large typologies of neighborhood planning and designing with varying shapes, sizes and contents have emerged in the urban context with Americans using superblock and French using Sector for the neighborhood planning. Despite high degree of relevance, neighborhood planning has not been able to deliver the envisioned objectives. Cities in the process have been socially and physically fragmented, leading to clear division into different communities with little physical and social connectivity. Variance of planning and designing norms followed at neighborhood and sub-neighborhood levels have promoted more dichotomy and contradictions with varying quality of life. Differential population and infrastructures have divided the city into high and low end neighborhoods. City fabric in large cases has emerged as distinct social map of communities graded on the area/location basis with neighborhood planning emerging as instrument of social segregation/division. Neighborhood has been used in the planning of capital city of Chandigarh (India) with entire city fabric woven around Sector as the basic unit. In order to understand the neighborhood planning in the context of Chandigarh, It will be at appropriate to look, critically and objectively, at the entire context of sector planning with focus on basic philosophy and approach followed by eminent Architect Le Corbusier and his team in all three phases of city development, bringing out the issues, efficacy and efficiency of Neighborhood unit and its impact on growth and development agenda of the Chandigarh in the present context.
Comact City as an Option for Making Urban India more Sustainable and LivableJitKumarGupta1
Cities and towns remain critical in chartering and scripting the development trajectory of any community/nation. Structural transformation of the economy, sustaining high rates of economic growth and realization of economic potential is largely contingent on the efficacy and efficiency of urban settlements and rationalization of the process of urbanization. Well-managed, urbanization is known to fosters social and economic advancement and improved quality of life. However, cities are globally facing greater threat and challenges in terms of growing number of urban residents living in informal settlements , inadequate urban services, climate change; global warming; exclusion and rising inequality and poverty; rising insecurity; growing migration, rising global carbon emission. The current models and framework/approach to urbanization and urban planning remains highly unsustainable. Majority of Indian cities lack planning, capacity and preparedness to manage and counter effectively the challenges associated with rapid and massive urbanization. Accordingly, new agenda will be essential and critical to defined /effectively address the emerging challenges and take advantage of the opportunities offered by urbanization. The new urban agenda should promote human settlements that are planned, designed and managed to be environmentally sustainable; socially inclusive and economically productive. Compact city, as a role model of urban planning and development, offer enormous opportunities and options, to make cities more effective and efficient intense dense, efficient. Compact city is also known for its distinct quality of offering enormous opportunities to make cities more sustainable, socially interactive, walkable , cost-effective, land -efficient, productive, socially and environmentally, easy to develop/maintain. Accordingly, appropriate urban planning, development and management framework needs to be put in place and made operational on priority to make compact city model a distinct reality.
Strategies for Promoting Good Governanace at Local Level urban g overnance (1...JitKumarGupta1
This document discusses strategies for improving urban governance at the local level in India. It notes that while Indian cities are major economic drivers, rapid urbanization has created challenges for service delivery. Key issues include poor urban governance, with state governments controlling local bodies; a historical low priority of urban development; weak capacities of urban local bodies; a mismatch between local body responsibilities and resources; and the presence of multiple overlapping agencies. The document argues for reforms to decentralize power to local bodies and strengthen their administrative, financial, and technical capacities to improve urban planning and service delivery.
Urban planning and urban governance invariably remain people centric having prime concern/focus on looking at/ promoting the welfare of the people, improving their social, physical, economic and environmental conditions besides improving quality of life. Both are mandated to create supportive/enabling conditions and environment to help people to perform their basic functions involving living, working , care of body & spirits and circulation, in a most effective / efficient manner. Accordingly urban planning and urban governance remain interlinked /integrated, and have close relationship. No good urban governance can exist in isolation/ without the input of good and rational planning. Looking at the entire context of good urban governance, it can be fairly concluded that effective urban planning holds the key to good urban governance. Poor urban governance has its genesis in poor urban planning. For enabling urban planning to play its desired and designated role in urban governance, it will be essential that operational mechanism of existing pattern of urban planning is critically looked into, reviewed, revised and re-defined to made it more responsive to the emerging urban dynamism/challenges. Unfortunately, in India, role of urban planners has been diluted and marginalized and has never been given appropriate recognition. Limited numbers of planning institutions have contributed to restricting the number of qualified professionals. With urban centres holding the key, future growth and development of the cities will be contingent largely upon the proficiency, efficacy and efficiency of ‘Planning Profession and Professionals’. However, , for planners/planning to play its ordained role, they have to be made more responsive , professionally competent, having capacity /expertise to understand /appreciate the complexities of urban growth and development, based on prevailing ground realities, and evolving appropriate options. .Planning tools will also require review and redefining to make them more effective and efficient.
Sourcing Land for Housing the Urban Poor in IndiaJitKumarGupta1
Sourcing land for housing remains the most challenging task for all agencies involved in providing shelter for marginalized sections of society. Challenge remains most formidable in the case of India, housing more than 17.3% global population and occupying merely a physical space of only 2.4%. India ranks high among the land stressed country, globally among nations. Housing is known to be largest consumer of land in the domain of both urban and rural settlements. Considering the high prevailing cost of land and large speculation to which urban land is subjected to, creating cost-effective and affordable housing remains most challenging task. Housing remains one of the most critical and dynamic entities related to human living, always evolving and devolving, never static, never definitive, ever dynamic, always changing and never decreasing .Housing strategies for the urban poor need a holistic and multi-pronged approach involving; ensuring adequate supply of serviced land at most affordable price; making land market operationally efficient and socially just; rationalizing the urban planning and development process; making informal sector integral part of urban planning / development; rationalizing land related legal framework governing land ; actively involving private and co-operative sectors ; creating an effective/efficient urban land information and management system; rationalizing the process/ cost of land transactions; minimizing the charges/ fees levied in the land transactions; minimizing time scale for sourcing land; making optimum use of available land; identifying right beneficiaries etc
Ongoing crisis of pandemic,Covid19, has clearly demonstrated the vulnerability of cities and migrants in the face of lockdown, when majority of urban migrant workforce, left cities to go back to their native places, despite all odds and hardships; clearly establishing the context, role/ importance of shelter in not only rationalizing growth/development of cities but also creating ownership among its citizens. It has also clearly demonstrated the necessity of providing adequate housing to all the urban residents, if the cities are to be made safe, resilient, sustainable and livable.
Preparing and empowering cities in the face of epidmics 19-JitKumarGupta1
Cities rattled by COVID-19 crisis, need to be made safe, resilient, inclusive and sustainable. Despite enormous damage to the fabric , structure, economy, employment, loss of human life etc., cities are known for their capacity to reduce the impact of future pandemics and become more equitable, healthy and environment- friendly.Studies made globally reveal that, existing dichotomy, contradictions and inequality, lack of access to basic services, poverty and overcrowded living conditions, have been largely responsible and destabilizing factors in increasing the scale and impact of COVID-19.‘Cities can help overcome development deficits; spearhead reforms to tackle poverty, strengthen social protection, restore public trust and reach people facing deprivation. New normal for urban planners/managers would be to make cities prioritizing health, housing; commitment to human rights involving; focus on policies to protect land rights, improve access to water, sanitation, public transport, electricity, health , education facilities; and ensuring inclusive digital connectivity. For empowerment, cities need to prepare detailed disaster mitigation plans at local level involving local communities and creating disaster preparedness centers at different levels for their effective management. Improving cities and making them more sustainable must involve; creating career/business opportunities; safe and affordable housing, building resilient societies; making investment in public transport to provide greater and unhindered access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety providing universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, including for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities; and making urban planning Inclusive and sustainable. Sustainable development cannot be achieved without significantly transforming the way we build and manage our urban spaces.Each city/urban settlement remain unique, needs to develop, adapt and implement its own operational plans to effectively counter the natural/ manmade disasters.
Redefing planning starategies for promoting sustainable Urban DevelopmentJitKumarGupta1
Looking at the way cities are being planned and developed, existing planning options need review and redefinition by adopting innovative planning solutions to make planning profession more responsive to emerging new realism (Nick Devas). New urban realism must invariably involves, evolve and revolves around; Urban growth must be planned to be inclusive; Recognition that form of cities is determined largely by the decisions of individuals and organizations, rather than by governments; Recognizing limited capacity of the government to intervene effectively in the urban system; Realism about resource constraints which government faces at both national and local level; Realism that people can afford to pay for improved urban services and shelter; Realism about standard of services to be adopted, priced and shared between competing claimants; Recognition that planning process cannot be a tidy, linear sequence of survey, plan-action but need to be pursued concurrently; Recognizing that plans need to be flexible and incremental; Realism about limited capacity of institutions in terms of technical skills, management capacity, institutional efficiency and inter-agency conflict; Realism about limited ability of planning authorities to enforce regulatory system of development ;Realism about seeing’ politics’ not as an obstacle, but as a framework, within which an implementable plan / program must be developed
LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE STATE OF PUNJAB- INTERFACE BETWEEN DEPARTMENTS OF TO...JitKumarGupta1
Indian believes in high traditions of democracy and accordingly, is characterized by multiplicity of laws. With focus on subject specific laws, one can see multiplicity laws. Each law tries to overtake other law, when they relate to the same subject. Sometimes there exists lot of overlapping and contradictions in the legal framework. Since India legal system remain bureaucratic and institutional focused under each law, focus of bureaucracy remains to create more laws and more space number for creating institutions and jobs for the bureaucracy. Despite India , as a nation accepting the role and importance of Urban local Bodies in 1972, when 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, was enacted, still states were passing laws in 1996 to create separate/additional/ independent agencies operating in the domain of urban planning, development and management, ignoring to empower urban local bodies to take up that role. Accordingly, state scenario in urban development in the country remains multi-faceted with existence of large number of departments and agencies operating in the urban development, which dilutes the intent of planned and orderly development in human settlements.Prevailing urban development scenario indicates existence of not only large number of urban laws but also large number of urban development agencies. However, there exists concentration of development agencies operating in the large urban areas but these agencies are conspicuous by their absence in the small urban settlements. Our capacity to create rational, effective, efficient, compact planning framework and agencies for effectively implementing of planning framework, will hold the key for future planned growth of urban settlements .Write-up focuses on the State of Punjab which has put in place a legal regime providing for promoting comprehensive and integrated development of urban and rural area through the preparation of Regional Plans and Master Plans in 1996 . In the year 2006, the entire set of provisions regulating the preparation of Regional Plans and Master Plans were critically reviewed, rationalized, simplified and modified drastically to streamline the procedure by making amendments eliminating/ minimizing number of vital steps involving public participation, involving urban local bodies; printing existing landuse plans etc. First master plan came into operation in 2006, after a decade of launching the Act. Till now more than 35 cities have bbeen covered unde such plans out of 216 urban settlements recorded in 2011 census.
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Housing remains one of the most critical and dynamic entities related to human living, always evolving and devolving, never static, never definitive, ever dynamic, always changing and never decreasing .Housing strategies for the urban poor need a holistic and multi-pronged approach involving; ensuring adequate supply of serviced land at most affordable price in equitable and sustainable manner; making land market operationally efficient and socially just; rationalizing the urban planning and development process; making informal sector integral part of urban planning and development; rationalizing the existing legal framework governing land and its management; changing role of parastatal agencies from providers to enablers; actively involving private and co-operative sectors in sourcing land and creating shelter; creating an effective and efficient urban land information and management system; rationalizing the process and cost of land transactions; minimizing the charges and fees levied in the land transactions; minimizing time scale for sourcing land; making optimum use of available land; identifying right beneficiaries etc Looking at the quality of life and adversities human beings faced, without an assured and permanent shelter, during the ongoing crisis of pandemic,Covid19, has clearly demonstrated the vulnerability of cities and migrants in the face of lockdown, when majority of urban migrant workforce, without having any shelter, had no option but to leave cities to go back to their native places, despite all odds and hardships. This clearly established the context, role and importance of shelter in not only rationalizing growth and development of cities but also creating ownership among its citizens. It has also clearly demonstrated the necessity of providing adequate housing to all the urban residents, if the cities are to be made safe, resilient, sustainable and livable.
Redefining Planning Strategies for Promoting Sustainable Urban SettJitKumarGupta1
Urbanisation in developing economies is fast emerging as a process of transfer of rural poverty to urban environment, leading to concentration of misery; creating distortions and emergence of numerous imbalances and problems. Accordingly, urban settlements are suffering from improper and haphazard development, absence of basic infrastructures and services, lack of housing, high degree of visual and environmental degradation and uncontrolled traffic etc. The cumulative effect of these factors is the degradation of quality of life in urban settlements and large number of subsidies required to keep them operational. Indian urbanization is characterized by urbanization of population, urbanization of poverty, urbanization of pollution and urbanization of environment.Looking at the existing scenario, all evidences suggest that despite best of the efforts of Planners to contain the population and limit and regulate the growth of large cities, they continue to grow and expand at an alarming pace; despite best of the efforts to promote planned growth, haphazard and unplanned development has emerged as the order of the day; despite best efforts made to contain slums, their number and size are growing much faster; despite pursuing the objective of ensuring quality of life to all, majority of urban dwellers are facing deprivation and lack of access to housing, basic amenities and facilities resulting in constant degradation of living environment. Thus, wide gaps have emerged over the years between what is planned and what actually comes on the ground.The dualities and contradictions emerging in the settlement scenario accordingly call for having a closer look at the very mechanism of city planning, development and management. It also calls for evaluating the concepts and systems, which have been followed in the past, for promoting planned growth of human settlements and have resulted in high level of distortions emerging in settlement planning and development mechanism. Since the existing systems and concepts have resulted in widening the gap between planning and development and have failed to achieve the goal of planned growth, surely it calls for their substitutions by some innovative concepts and systems, which would remove emerging distortions, dualities and contradictions in the settlement planning and make them rational and orderlu.
Optimising Existing Structures Through RetrofittingJitKumarGupta1
Retrofitting remains most valuable and one of the best options to restore the existing derelict buildings to their original health and make buildings operationally efficient and usable for all human operations. Retrofitting should not remain confined only to meet the structural inadequacies or needs of repair and restoration. It needs to be extended and taken forward by making use of its enormous capacity it provides to make buildings energy efficient and more livable. Retrofitting can help in reshaping, reframing and putting to new use/options the existing structure, without resorting to demolition and destruction. Potential of retrofitting has not been properly studied, understood, appreciated and exploited in the context of building industry to make existing buildings more livable, cost-effective, operationally efficient, having larger/ extended life-span and reducing their adverse impact on the environment and ecology. It needs to be done on priority to make building industry more sustainable and least consumer of energy and resources besides generators of minimum waste.
Sustaibale cities -Suggestive approach to make cities energy efficientJitKumarGupta1
The way cities use land, consume energy, eat up resources and impact the quality of life and environment, they are fast emerging as ecological disasters. Uncontrolled and haphazard growth devours land, water and energy from the surrounding landscape. The emerging contemporary patterns of settlements, have created cities which have high level of consumptions of energy due to auto dependence; high energy demand for buildings; water pollution from excessive toxic run off; air pollution and other environmental effects which considerably increase health risks.For the exorbitant, energy and ecological prices, these patterns do not even buy an appropriate quality of life. Cities of 21st century are totally divorced from aesthetic and ecological experience of nature. People are made to spend number of hours for commuting on daily basis. In the emerging social fabric, neighbours are not friends, communities are not tied to place and millions, too poor to afford basic amenities of life to lead a dignified life. Invasion of automobiles has made cities highly noisy, energy inefficient, congested and largely frustrating. Besides causing global macro ecological problems, current settlement patterns have created host of local ecological problems. World life habitats have become extinct; native species are replaced by consumptive exotics; streams are canalized, piped and buried; wetlands are filled and aquifers depleted. Urban heat islands created drive up energy use for cooling besides trapping pollutants in the city. Downstream areas are flooded and polluted largely by the quick run off from large paved areas. All these problems, collectively and individually, have the ability to adversely impact the local ecology. Accordingly, local ecological systems are rapidly losing their ability to produce clean water, air and food and to maintain rich variety of habitat and are fast losing their ability to sustain life.
Each of these environmental problems has their genesis in the design of cities, settlement patterns and urban spatial fabric. Human habitat needs restructuring on priority so that we live within the limits imposed by our life sustaining eco-systems and follow the basic principles which promote the quality of life.To minimize the energy consumption levels and the ecological disasters caused by today’s grey cities, we have to change our perceptions, to learn and think ecologically to create green cities which are both humane and sustainable besides least consumers of energy
Site planning in Architectural Projects- Principles and ApproachesJitKumarGupta1
Presentation tries to showcase the relevance of site planning in the architectural projects, impact of site plan on designing buildings, process to be followed and principles to be kept in mind while evolving site plans. Presentation also makes an attempt to explain and detail out the role of site and factors to be considered while evaluating any site.
BEST FARMLAND FOR SALE | FARM PLOTS NEAR BANGALORE | KANAKAPURA | CHICKKABALP...knox groups real estate
welcome to knox groups real estate company in Bangalore. best farm land for sale near Bangalore and madhugiri . Managed farmland near Kanakapura and Chickkabalapur get know more details about the projects .Knox groups is a leading real estate company dedicated to helping individuals and businesses navigate the dynamic real estate market. With our extensive knowledge, experience, and commitment to excellence, we deliver exceptional results for our clients. Discover the perfect foundation for your agricultural aspirations with KNOX Groups' prime farm lands. These aren't just plots; they're the fertile grounds where vibrant crops flourish, livestock thrives, and unique agricultural ventures come to life. At KNOX, we go beyond selling land we curate sustainable ecosystems, ensuring that your journey toward agricultural success is seamless and prosperous.
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Although we are not all related by blood we have created a team of highly professional and hardworking individuals who share the common goal of delivering beautiful and functional renovated spaces. Our tight nit team are able to work together in a way where we pour our passion into each and every project as we have a love for what we do. Building is our life.
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Things to Consider When Selling Your House - Summer 2024 Edition
Residential Satisfaction as an option to Promote Quality Housing
1. Residential Satisfaction -as an Option to Promote Quality Housing
*Jit Kumar Gupta
*jit.kumar1944@gmail.com
Housing, in addition to being an essential component of human living , has many other
connotations, which impact the quality of living, livability and usability of shelter.
Housing, being individual centric, has high degree of connectivity with individual likings
and likings, based on both objectivity, subjectivity, social, physical, structural and
neighborhood components. In addition to getting/sourcing an appropriate shelter, it is
important that secured shelter, should be able to provide desired level of satisfaction to
its owner/occupants, for remaining relevant.
House should not be considered merely as a structure, made of brick, mortar, cement, sand,
concrete and glass. It has to be seen and valued in the larger context as a living organism,
because of its impact on the quality and pattern of life of the occupants. Studies have
revealed that 80% of the human lifespan is spent in the space provided by the buildings.
With largest proportion of lifespan spent within the space provided by the house,
residential space considerably influences and impact the quality and psyche of human
living, thinking, working, operation, productivity and health. Accordingly, not only
providing appropriate quality of shelter to an individual/family remains important, but
equally relevant and vital will be to ensure that house made available also provides desired
level of quality and satisfaction to the occupant and family. If house does not provide
appropriate level of living satisfaction, then entire purpose, logic and rationale of providing
shelter remains diluted,marginalised and defeated.
Housing satisfaction has never been considered, valued and made integral part of the
siting, planning , designing, and construction of housing. Houses are being planned,
designed and constructed, without understanding, appreciating and evaluating the need of
the family, which is going to occupy and use the said space. Neighbourhood quality
created by the housing does not find any relevance in the parlance of housing. Entire
mechanism of planning and designing is based on and revolves around maximizing the
stipulations made in the development control in terms of; ground coverage, height of
building and floor area ratio permitted on the piece of land being used for housing. Focus
of developers invariably remains to create maximum built-up space and number of
dwelling units , to generate maximum profit/revenue from the land used for project.
Facilities to be provided, as part of the housing, to support the families living in the
complex also remain diluted and minimal because of lack of understanding of the housing
satisfaction on the part of parastatal agencies. Individual owners also have little
knowledge and understanding of the context of satisfaction while getting the house
designed and constructed. Cumulatively, all this leads to creating housing stock which has
little connectivity with the quality of life and housing satisfaction to be provided to the
occupants. In order to promote quality housing and quality living; relevance and context of
housing satisfaction needs to be studied, evaluated and made integral part of the process
of planning, designing and construction of housing itself.
2. Residential satisfaction largely remains a complex phenomenon involving number of ,
social, physical and economic factors related to ; subjectivity ; prevailing environment;
quality of structure; services available; quality of indoor/outdoor spaces etc. Precisely
defining housing satisfaction, remains invariably a challenge for all experts and users.
Number of researches undertaken in the domain of housing satisfaction, have evaluated the
subject, taking different parameters as the indicators to define the housing satisfaction,
which have invariably led to different conclusions. The parameters included by researchers
for defining housing satisfaction related to; physical, social, environmental, economic,
structural, aesthetic, accessibility, location, neighborhood, neighbors, availability of
amenities, services , infrastructures etc., aspects of housing.
Defining Residential satisfaction;
Residential satisfaction, has been defined as the feeling of contentment ,which one has or
achieves and what one needs or desires in a house Housing satisfaction remains a broad
and complex term which includes satisfaction with the social and economic factors of
the individual as well as the built and natural environments (Mesch & Manor, 1998). The
scale ranges from an individual’s housing unit to the neighborhood in which that housing
unit is located and even the larger surrounding area and the city. Factors invariably
involved in evaluating and assessing housing satisfaction are both objective ones ( crime
rates) and subjective ones (perceptions of crime). Assessing, evaluating and quantifying
housing satisfaction holds distinct advantages in rationalizing planning , creative
designing and quality of housing in both green field development and brown field
development, because it helps in;
Finding level of satisfaction of house owners, including how many residents are most
satisfied or dissatisfied with their neighborhood?
Providing policy-makers with additional information on where to target their
improvement efforts.
Comparing residents’ views with the ways in which other stakeholders (housing
associations, municipalities, policy-makers) define and interpret a neighborhood’s
problems and success factors for showcasing difference of opinion between the
stakeholders, leading to defining clear roadmap for more precise/effective
interventions in neighborhoods
Housing satisfaction remains owner/user centric and invariably revolves around individual
choices, likings and disliking. It sometimes involves lot of subjectivity, having little
rationale and objectivity. Factors governing the satisfaction sometimes defies logic and
involves factors/elements which have little relevance with human living. However, there
are certain factors which invariably remain connected/impact satisfaction. Accordingly, it
will be appropriate to define factors which are positively and negatively related to housing
satisfaction, so that they are duly considered, valued and made integral part of all housing
related projects and policy options evolved at local and national levels.
Factors which determine housing satisfaction/dissatisfactions and contributing to the
success/failures of the neighborhoods from the residents’ point of view have been found to
be revolving around;
Visual Comfort; Providing adequate thermal comfort ; visual comfort and security
invariably promotes housing satisfaction of the occupants. Visual discomfort
invariably leads to creation of dissatisfaction among the residents located in adverse
environment.
3. Facilities and infrastructures; Providing higher order and quality neighborhood
facilities and services, as apart of dwelling unit promote higher order of housing
satisfaction for the house owners. Poor access to neighborhood facilities and
inadequate supply of electricity and good drinking water remains major determinant
of dissatisfaction among the residents.
Living Space; Rational and realistic sizes of living and sleeping areas, provided in
the residence, have been valued and known to impact the satisfaction level of the
occupant, whereas inadequate living spaces are known to cause undue congestion,
overcrowding, loss of privacy and quality of living, leading to stresses and
dissatisfaction among the users.
Quality of management; Housing satisfaction remains contingent to the quality of
management provided in the housing estates. Poorly managed housing clusters
invariably cause concern related to safety, availability of basic amenities and services
essential for human living.
Participation; Houses where residents are actively involved and participate in the
planning, designing, development and management of their houses invariably are
known to provide higher order of housing satisfaction by creating ownership among
the users. Non- involvement/marginalizing beneficiaries in the process of project
planning and management are known to be major cause of dissatisfaction among the
allottees/residents.
Physical Characteristics; Physical, spatial characteristics and socio-cultural
attributes of the housing also impact the satisfaction of the occupants. Accordingly, it
will be desirable to consider and integrate the physical and social aspects of the
location, accessibility, climate, visibility, community, interaction etc. considered and
made as part of the project.
Location; Location of the house/housing remains critical component of housing
satisfaction. Houses located close to polluting industries, garbage dumping yards,
sewerage treatment plants, slums etc. invariably lead to create dissatisfaction among
residents, whereas housing located near the natural features, water bodies, parks,
open spaces etc., are known to provide higher order of satisfaction among the
residents.
Mixing; Irrational mixing of housing of various income groups involving lower,
middle and higher income housing , within the same complex, have been observed
to create various level of satisfaction/ dissatisfaction among the residents.
Accordingly, planning and development of residential complexes, involving various
groups, will have to be done with proper care and caution, in order to avoid
dissatisfaction among the residents. However, while planning, communities need to
be effectively integrated both, horizontally and vertically; physically and socially.
Innovative planning and placement of various income housing will remain relevant
and crucial to promote satisfaction among the residents.
Social climate; Quality of Social climate/environment prevailing in a residential
neighborhood is known to promote satisfaction/dissatisfaction among the residents.
Residential satisfaction has genesis in not only in the quality of dwelling or by the
internal neighborhood reputation, rather, it is mainly revealed by people’s evaluation
of the social climate prevailing in their neighborhood. Residents’ opinions about their
neighborhood offer important insights about their overall residential satisfaction.
4. Residential social climate, is the most significant and valued component of overall
residential satisfaction. It is often been observed that lack of social cohesion remains
an important factor in the problematic neighborhoods. However, looking at the entire
context, it is not the degree of social interaction or social cohesion among the
residents that explain their residential satisfaction. Rather, it is the shared social
identity and the unwritten rules that explain the favorable social climate in the
neighborhood
Social and Psychological Factors; Residential satisfaction in the domain of public
housing also remain largely contingent upon psycho-social aspects such as
relationships with neighbors and the degree of attachment to the residential
environment. These aspects sometimes are valued by the inhabitants more than
physical features such as infrastructure and equipment of the house and neighborhood
Accessibility; Control over access to one’s home and one’s person are known to
promote housing satisfaction among elderly residents. Lack of quality and
appropriate accessibility invariably creates dissatisfaction among the residents
Architectural & Physical features; Quality physical and architectural design such as
house form, architectural style, floor plan, and colors are known to considerably
affect and promote residential satisfaction
Aesthetics; Satisfaction of aesthetic needs is a salient component of housing
satisfaction with regard to the inside, the outside, and the neighborhood. Aesthetic
qualities of the living environment are invariably valued and given importance across
all age and social groups
Subjectivity; Subjective approaches to person-environment relations; residential
preferences and satisfaction; housing and neighborhood quality form integral part of
evaluating and are invariably embedded in the housing satisfaction.
Homeownership ; Ownership is encouraged by many governments because it is
supposed to have a positive effect on both the individual and society as a whole while
evaluating housing satisfaction. Homeownership is assumed to be preferred over
renting, because it provides greater security, more freedom, financial advantage and
therefore higher order of housing satisfaction. Homeowners are more satisfied with
their housing situation than tenants.
Developer Reputation; Certain developers are valued by house owners for maintain
the high standards of design, quality of construction, quality of construction, quality
of infrastructures and quality of maintenance provided to the inhabitants in the
neighborhood.
Security and Safety ; Security and safety provided to the residents remains most
valuable and critical component of the housing satisfaction. Unsafe and insecure
housing are always discounted by the residents and remain major cause of
dissatisfaction among the users/owners of the houses.
Quality of property, Neighbors ; Young residents, married couples, female heads of
households and large families are known to consistently record level of satisfaction
more strongly tied to perceptions of crime, run-down properties, and the similarity of
neighbors (Galster and Hesser 1981).
Considering the role and importance of achieving satisfaction in housing, it will be appropriate
and desirable that housing/shelter created, should invariably include and involve housing
5. satisfaction, as integral part of siting, planning ,designing, construction and management of
housing neighborhoods. All housing related/focused policies and programs evolved, at local and
national levels for creating appropriate shelter, should always include and define housing
satisfaction as the basic agenda of such program. Housing which does not promote and ensures
desired level of satisfaction, among users, invariably remain underutilized, misused and abused by
the community. Resources spent on creating such shelter also remain under-utilized and generally
go waste. Unfortunately, most of the public agencies involved in creating housing stock have little
knowledge and understanding of the context, relevance and importance of housing satisfaction.
Accordingly, housing satisfaction is not appropriately spaced and addressed in the housing stock
created by such agencies. Agencies involved in urban planning and planning of human settlements
also do not include user satisfaction, while planning, designing the residential component at the
local and city level.
In order to understand the context and genesis of the housing satisfaction and its inclusion in all
policies, programs and projects ,it will be important that detailed studies/ surveys of the existing
housing stock should be conducted, in order to assess the level of user’s satisfaction/dissatisfaction
and also evaluate the factors which are critical for promoting housing satisfaction among users.
Study can generate important and valuable information for policy-making on urban renewal and
neighborhoods in general besides offering insight in the degree to which specific neighborhood
problems are of major concern The insight/outcome emerging from the analysis may help housing
associations as well as other stakeholders that are developing urban housing, and urban
neighborhood, find the right policy mix to improve overall quality of life in the residential
neighborhood through improved housing satisfaction.Based on the study conducted and analysis
carried out of the existing housing, detailed guidelines can be evolved and put in operation, which
should be made integral part of all the new housing projects to generate desired level of
satisfaction among the beneficiaries of the houses.
Housing policy formulators need to include normative housing needs, infrastructure and amenities
and the quality satisfaction attributes of the occupants, to articulate the overall integrated housing
development framework Furthermore, they also need to define which neighborhood characteristics
have a positive influence on residential satisfaction and which do not. In the absence of such
guidelines, effort invariably remain focused more on physical and economic characteristics as
determinants of residential satisfaction, while ignoring other social, cultural and environmental
aspects.