This study aims to determine the prevalence of Entamoeba infection among children under 5 years old at Sekou Toure Regional Referral Hospital in Tanzania. A cross-sectional study will enroll 100 children to collect data on Entamoeba infection symptoms and risk factors through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics will analyze the data to identify the prevalence of Entamoeba and factors like access to clean water and sanitation that influence infection rates among young children. The results intend to inform interventions that reduce Entamoeba prevalence and improve water/sanitation in Tanzania.

1. PREVALENCE OF ENTAMOEBA AMONG
CHILDREN OF UNDER 5 YEARS OLD AT
SEKOU TOURE REGIONAL REFERRAL
HOSPITAL
STUDENT'S NAME : DR ELFRIDA
REGISTRATION NUMBER : MC / CO / 19B / 202
SUPERVISOR'S NAME : ANSELMO MANISHA

2. INTRODUCTION
• Entamoeba is a genus of single-celled, amoeboid
protozoan parasites that can cause diarrhea. The
• most common species associated with diarrhea is
Entamoeba histolytica.
• This parasite is usually transmitted through
contaminated food or water. Once ingested, the
amoeba travels to the large intestine where it can
multiply and cause symptoms such as abdominal
pain,cramping, and watery diarrhea. In severe cases,
the parasite can invade the intestinal wall and cause
amoebic dysentery, which is characterized by bloody
stools and fever.

3. INTRODUCTION CONT......
• Diagnosis of entamoeba infection is typically done
through stool analysis, which can detect the
presence of the parasite or its cysts. Treatment for
entamoeba infection typically involves the use of
antiparasitic drugs, such as metronidazole or
tinidazole, which can effectively kill the parasite.

4. PROBLEM STATEMENT
• The prevalence of Entamoeba infection among
children under 5 years of age in Tanzania is a
growing concern and requires immediate
attention.
• In Tanzania l , the lack of proper sanitation
facilities and limited access to clean drinking
water in many rural and urban areas have
resulted in widespread exposure to Entamoeba. A
large number of children under 5 years of age are
affected by this parasite, leading to a significant
burden on the health system and communities.

5. PROBLEM STATEMENT CONT....
• In order to address this issue, it is crucial to
understand the extent of the problem and
identify the factors that contribute to its spread.
This information can be used to develop
targeted interventions to reduce the prevalence
of Entamoeba infection among children in
Tanzania.

6. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• The results of the study will provide valuable
insights into the extent of the problem and inform
the development of targeted interventions to
reduce the prevalence of the parasite. The study
will also bring attention to the issue of water and
sanitation access, which is a major factor in the
spread of Entamoeba. Improving access to safe
drinking water and proper sanitation facilities will
have a positive impact on the health and well-
being of children in Tanzania
•

7. SIGNIFICANCE CONT....
• Furthermore, the study will contribute to the
advancement of knowledge and
understanding of the relationship between
water and sanitation access and infectious
diseases.

8. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
Broad objective
• To determine the current prevalence of
Entamoeba infection among children under
the age of 5 in sekou toure hospital

9. Specific objectives
• To identify the demographic, socio-economic
and environmental factors associated with
Entamoeba infection in this population.
• To assess the knowledge and attitudes of
caregivers and parents regarding Entamoeba
infection and prevention measures.
• To evaluate the effectiveness of current
preventive measures and identify areas for
improvement.

10. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• What is the current prevalence of Entamoeba
infection among children under 5 years of age
at sekou toure regional hospital ?
• What are the demographic, socio-economic,
and environmental factors associated with
Entamoeba infection among this population?
• How effective are current preventive measures
in reducing the incidence of Entamoeba
infection among children under 5 years of age
in Tanzania?

11. HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION
The following hypothesis will be tested in this
study
• Hypothesis 1: The prevalence of Entamoeba
infection among children under 5 years in
Tanzania is higher compared to other age
groups.
• Hypothesis 2: Children under 5 years of age
who lack access to clean water and proper
sanitation are more likely to be infected with
Entamoeba compared to those with access.

12. RESEARCH VARIABLES
• The independent variable in this study is age,
with the focus being on children under 5 years of
age.
• The dependent variable is the prevalence of
Entamoeba infection. Other variables that will be
considered include gender, access to clean water
and proper sanitation, and socioeconomic
status.

13. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• Study Area
• The study will be conducted at sekou toure hospital in
Tanzania, which serves a large population of children
under 5 years old.
• Research Design
• The study will be a cross-sectional study, which will allow
the researchers to determine the prevalence of
Entamoeba infection among children under 5 years old at
a single point in time.
• Study Population
• The study population will consist of children under 5
years old who are receiving care at Sekou toure hospital in
Tanzania.

14. Research methodology cont....
• Sampling Design
• The study will use a convenience sampling design, in
which participants are selected based on their
availability and willingness to participate in the study
• Sampling Frame
• The sampling frame for the study will consist of all
children under 5 years old who are receiving care at
Sekou toure hospital in Tanzania.
• Sampling Size
• The study will enroll 100 children under 5 years old in
order to provide a representative sample of the study
population.

16. • Questionnaire
• The questionnaire will be designed to gather information on
the presence of Entamoeba infection among the participants,
as well as any associated symptoms and risk factors. The
questionnaire will be self-administered or completed by the
participants' parents or guardians.
• Inclusion Criteria
• The inclusion criteria for the study will be children under 5
years old who are receiving care at sekou toure hospital in
Tanzania and who are willing to participate in the study.
• Exclusion Criteria
• The exclusion criteria for the study will be children under 5
years old who are not receiving care at sekou toure hospital in
Tanzania or who are not willing to participate in the study.

17. • Data Processing
• The data collected through the interviews and questionnaires
will be recorded and entered into a secure database for
processing and analysis.
• Data Analysis
• The data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, including
frequencies and percentages, to determine the prevalence of
Entamoeba infection among children under 5 years old in
sekou toure hospital in Tanzania.
• Ethical Considerations
• The study will be conducted in accordance with ethical
principles and will receive ethical approval from an institutional
review board prior to its initiation. Informed consent will be
obtained from the participants or their parents or guardians
prior to the collection of any data.