Research of the natural water Finland
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The document summarizes a research project comparing four types of water: tap water, lake water, river water, and sea water. Students will analyze samples of each for smell, color, clarity, and acidity. They will observe and record their findings, then research reasons for any differences, such as eutrophication, salt content, oxygen levels, or humus levels affecting color.
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Finland introduction
Finland is an independent republic located in Northern Europe. With a population of 5.5 million people, over 89% of residents are Finnish and 5% are Swedish. The capital and largest city is Helsinki, with a population of 630,000. Other major cities include Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa, and Oulu. Finland was originally part of Sweden but became part of Russia in 1809 before gaining independence in 1917. During World War 2, Finland fought two wars against the Soviet Union between 1939-1944. The country has over 190,000 lakes and is known for its cold weather.
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Finland's educational system includes pre-school starting at age 5-6, compulsory comprehensive school from ages 7-16, followed by high school or vocational school. Universities and colleges are publicly funded. Classes 1-6 have one main teacher who teaches most subjects, while classes 7-9 have different subject teachers. The 300-student Laajalahden school has 15 class teachers, 5 subject or special education teachers, and other support staff. Common reasons for Finland's success in PISA include high-quality teacher education and training, a flexible curriculum, equal quality of teaching everywhere, support for weaker students, and strong family support.
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Finland is an independent republic located in Northern Europe. With a population of 5.5 million people, over 89% of residents are Finnish and 5% are Swedish. The capital and largest city is Helsinki, with a population of 630,000. Other major cities include Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa, and Oulu. Finland was originally part of Sweden but became part of Russia in 1809 before gaining independence in 1917. During World War 2, Finland fought two wars against the Soviet Union between 1939-1944. The country has over 190,000 lakes and is known for its cold weather.
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Similar to Research of the natural water Finland
Análisis del agua c
Students analyzed water quality parameters like temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and salinity from various locations around La Union, Spain. The results showed little variation across locations. Water temperatures were all 24°C and turbidity was low everywhere. Dissolved oxygen levels were 4ppm, pH ranged from 7-8, and nitrate levels were uniformly 5ppm. This suggests the water sources are either the same or receive similar treatment.
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Table 1: Water Observations (Smell, Color, Etc.)
Beaker
Observations
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Grey wastewater with pungent odor
2
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Grey wastewater with pungent odor
4
Grey wastewater with pungent odor
5
Grey wastewater with pungent odor
Hypothesis:
Greywater is highly contaminated with both macro- and micro-pollutants.
Post-Lab Questions
1. Greywater from the five beakers is highly contaminated with both macro- and micro-pollutants, what is shown by the observations (grey color and purgent odor). So, hypothesis was confirmed: grey color indicated parabens, while purgent odor must be connected with the ammonium content presumably from urine contamination.
2. Two main types of contaminants, parabens and ammonium, have had the most potent effect on greywater, due to a fact that parabens produced its grey color, and ammonium content influenced its purgent odor.
3. On a larger scale, what type of affects would these contaminants have on a town’s water source and the people who drank the water?
If people were to ingest this contaminated water they might get sick, have birth defects, have trouble having a child, may die, etc. Instead of healthy drinking water, people in the cities would consume wasted greywater, with its grey color and purgent odor, what leads to their weakening and, in a long term perspective, to the multiple deceases of their excretory systems (Ottoson&Stenstrom, 2003).
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4. These types of human pollution are: chemical uses, industrial applications, and agriculture.
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Beaker
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1
To me this is just water, there is no smell.
2
Pouring the oil into the water, the oil started to bubble at the top. As I stirred the oil it turned into smaller bubbles. It looks as if the oil has placed a thick line of film on the water
3
After pouring the vinegar into the water the water turned a shade darker. The water looks cloudy. The smell is the only change from the water.
4
After pouring the detergent, the water began to look cloudy and there is a thin layer of bubbles.
5
The water turned a medium brown and small flakes of soil that circled around the top of the water. Smells like potting soil.
6
The water and oil mixture seemed to have a “cleaner” look to the water; it had a light brown color. There was still a thin shiny film at the top of the water.
7
The water and vinegar mix had a very light brown color but it looked cleaner than the other two.
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Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination
Table 1: Water Observations (Smell, Color, Etc.)
Beaker
Observations
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Typical tap water, no odor, clear
2
the oil is poured into the water, it bubbles up at the top. When stirred, the bubbles became smallAser and the oil formed a layer at the top of the water
3
After pouring the vinegar in the water, it looked cloudy. The smell of vinegar was strong and small bubbles visible
4
After pouring the detergent in the water, it became quite cloudy looking like soapy green water, and there were tiny bubbles.
5
The water turned a light to medium brown color with small parts of the soil on top of the water. Smells like potting soil.
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The water and oil mixture had a clean look to it as it was more of a light brown color.
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The water and vinegar had an extremely light brown look, much cleaner than the other samples
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The water and detergent had a light to medium brown look, and looked cloudy.
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. Develop hypotheses on the ability of oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent to contaminate groundwater.
a. Oil hypothesis = If added to water the oil slightly contaminates the water making a film on the top.
b. Vinegar hypothesis = If added in water, the vinegar contaminated it and produces a smell and aa cloudy look to it.
c. Laundry detergent hypothesis = If added to water the detergent contaminates the water making it a green color and small bubbles
2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept each hypothesis that you produced in question 1? Explain how you determined this.
a. Oil hypothesis accept/reject = Accept The experiment proved the results and confirmed the hypothesis
b. Vinegar hypothesis accept/reject = Accept The experiment proved itself in the results which also confirmed the hypothesis
c. Laundry detergent hypothesis accept/reject = Accept The experiment proved its correct and confirmed the hypothesis
3. What effect did each of the contaminants have on the water in the experiment? Which contaminant seemed to have the most potent effect on the water?
Answer = The results of the contaminants were a brownish color tint to each of water samples. I believe that the soil and water mixture had the most potent effects visually, while the vinegar had a very irritating and smelly odor.
4. Using at least one scholarly source; discuss the potential effect of each contaminant (oil, vinegar, and detergent) on the town’s water source and the people who drank the water.
Answer = Approximately 99 percent of all liquid fresh water is in underground aquifers, and at least a quarter of the world's population draws its water from these groundwater supplies. More than three quarters of underground water is nonrenewable, meaning it has a replenishment period of centuries or more (Turk & Bensel 2011). My take on this is that we need to protect our ground water at all cost. It is crucial to our survival to keep a ...
Lab 2 – Water Quality and ContaminationExperiment 1 Effects.docx
Lab 2 – Water Quality and Contamination
Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination
Table 1: Water Observations (Smell, Color, Etc.)
Beaker
Observations
1
The water clear with no odor
2
The oil floated to top cloudy no odor
3
The water smelled like vinegar/ little cloudy
4
Soap bubbles formed and remained at the top, no odor
5
The water is brownish with a light dirty smell
6
The water was brownish with some soil at the bottom with a little oil
7
The water was a little brown vinegar smell with a little particles at the bottom
8
The water was brownish with more particles than #5,6, and 7 no smell and cloudy
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. Develop hypotheses on the ability of oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent to contaminate groundwater.
a. Oil hypothesis = Oil will not contaminate but possibly the amount of water filtered may change
b. Vinegar hypothesis = Vinegar will contaminate and would allow the soil to filter
c. Laundry detergent hypothesis = The water would pass through but will be contaminated with soap bubbles.
2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept each hypothesis that you produced in question 1? Explain how you determined this.
a. Oil hypothesis accept/reject = Oil would be trapped in the soil / Accept
b. Vinegar hypothesis accept/reject = Vinegar would pass through the soil / Accept
c. Laundry detergent hypothesis accept/reject = Laundry detergent would contaminate the water / Reject
3. What affects did each of the contaminants have on the water in the experiment? Which contaminant seemed to have the most potent effect on the water?
Answer = It seem all contaminants had effects on the water with vinegar seeming to have the most potent effect and you could identify it by the smell and the detergent had not odor and a little cloudy. The oil seems as though it will leave the water with less contamination.
4. Using at least 1 scholarly source, discuss what type of affects these contaminants (oil, vinegar, detergent) might have on a town’s water source and the people who drank the water?
Answer = Contaminants could cause potential health problems such as hepatitis, cholera and affect infants with the blue baby syndrome.
http://www.epa.gov/region1
5. Describe what type of human activity would cause contaminants like oil, acid and detergents to flow into the water supply? Additionally, what other items within your house do you believe could contaminate the water supply if you were to dump them onto the ground?
Answer = Contaminates like motor oil, gas from human activity and household contaminates would be from cooking oil, house hold cleaning products, battery acid, jewelry cleaner and paint.
Experiment 2: Water Treatment
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. Develop a hypothesis on the ability of your filtration technique to remove contaminants.
Hypothesis = Coagulants and alkalinity will remove most of groundwater contaminants. For example the funnel filled with the activated charcoal, sand and gravel seemed to produ ...
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The document discusses an experiment to test how saltwater and freshwater affect the flotation of objects. It provides background definitions of key terms like salt, fresh water, and ocean. The experiment involves placing eggs in glasses of saltwater and freshwater to observe whether they float or sink. The purpose is to understand the major difference between salt and freshwater, which is the presence of salt in oceans.
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7 sci lm u1 m1 (1)
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Acids & bases day 3
This document contains several lists of instructions and study materials for an upcoming science test:
1. The student is instructed to study cards for a cumulative quiz on acids and bases and prepare for a science STAR test this week.
2. A list of review questions is provided covering topics like the pH scale, types of ions present in acids and bases, common colors associated with each, and the bond types in different compounds.
3. Procedures are outlined for a lab experiment to test household products and determine their acidity or alkalinity using pH strips. Data tables are included to record results.
4. The student is reminded that an assignment on acids and bases is due at the beginning of
1 15.docx
1
15
Final Lab Report: Water Quality & Contamination
Student: Monica McNeal
SCI207: Dependence of Man of on the Environment
Instructor: Jeffrey Sigler
Date: August 5, 2013
A Study of the groundwater contamination, water treatment and water quality
Abstract Comment by Jeffrey Sigler: This isn’t really an abstract. It is more of an introduction. An abstract is very succinct (a paragraph or two) and summarizes the entire study – including results and conclusions.
In this experiment we explore the effects of groundwater contamination, study the water treatment process and teststudy the quality of tap water versus bottled water.
Groundwater is rain water that infiltrates the soil and underlying rocks, or water from lakes that is absorbed in the soil or bedrock. When harmful substances are absorbed in the groundwater, the contamination is not only harmful for humans, but also causes problems to the flora and fauna.
In the first experiment we study the effects of groundwater contamination. Two main types of contaminants, parabens and ammonium, have had the most potent effect on greywater, due to a fact that parabens produced its grey color, and ammonium content influenced its purgent odor (citation). By mixing water with common products we have in our household we were able to show the chemical poperties of the water were changed by vegetable oil, vinegar and laundry detergent. Imagine that happening on a global scale, and that will give us a picture of massive groundwater contamination that is detrimental to the living organisms.
In the second experiment we studiedy the process of water filtration. We created a home filtration system, similar in concept to the ones used in the cities'municipal wasteterwater treatment plans. This experiment made us aware that a succesfull wastewater treatment will eliminate the ammonia, chloride, phosphate and iron from the tap water. The test strips helped us identify the amounts of the chemical elements that are still present in the drinking water.
The third experiment is an extension of the second experiment. The third experiment looked at the examined the levels of various chemicals in bottled water and tap water. The bottled water industry is a multi-million dollar industry in the United States (citation??). This experiment helped us properly understand the fact that bottled water is not necessarily free of chemicals and may not be more beneficial compared to the treated tapwater.
Introduction
Wastewater Water is a basic living necessity that needs to be protected. According to the EPA, "40% of people living in the United States use groundwater for drinking, cooking, cleaning, showering, and all other types of activities. 97% of people living in rural areas of the nation use groundwater, and 30-40% of water used agriculturally (for farming) is from the ground" (1) In other words, water is used for many important things such as dri ...
Lab 2 – Water Quality and ContaminationExperiment 1 Effects o.docx
Lab 2 – Water Quality and Contamination
Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination
Table 1: Water Observations (Smell, Color, Etc.)
Beaker
Observations
1
Water is clear no odor
2
Water has sheen to it where you can see the oil and the water. There is a slight oil odor.
3
Water has a visible sheen to it. It also has a strong odor to it.
4
Water color has changed to a greenish it has a perfume smell as well as oily bubbles at the top.
5
Water turned a brownish with small dirt particles inside also had a dirty smell to it.
6
Water turned a brownish black color there is still sheen to the water as well as a slight odor and small dirt particles settling on the bottom of the beaker.
7
Water turned a slight darker a slight sheen to the water the vinegar smell has decreased soil settling at bottom of beaker
8
Water turned a lighter shade of green and also became murkier with the soil still not able to see the bottom of the beaker.
POST LAB QUESTIONS
1. Develop hypotheses on the ability of oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent to contaminate groundwater.
a. Oil hypothesis = Oil is thicker than water so it remains separate from the water and will not contaminate ground water as much.
b. Vinegar hypothesis = Vinegar and water combine rather well thus in effect it will contaminate groundwater very easily.
c. Laundry detergent hypothesis = Laundry detergent uses the water in order to achieve a reaction thus since it is dependent on the water it will contaminate the water.
2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept each hypothesis that you produced in question 1? Explain how you determined this.
a. Oil hypothesis accept/reject = I would accept this hypothesis due to the fact that the water and the oil attempted to mix as little as possible and when left alone they continued to separate.
b. Vinegar hypothesis accept/reject = I would accept this hypothesis the vinegar and water mixed easily together making it difficult to separate the two.
c. Laundry detergent hypothesis accept/reject = I would accept the hypothesis the water and laundry detergent mixed together and would not separate easily at all. The fact that the detergent and water created another reaction when mixed together that would also make it extremely difficult to separate.
3. What affects did each of the contaminants have on the water in the experiment? Which contaminant seemed to have the most potent effect on the water?
Answer = Each of the contaminants created a sheen in the water. The oil when mixed attempted to remain separate from the water while the vinegar and the detergent mixed freely with the water. Of all three the contaminant that had the most effect on the water was the detergent not only did it completely change the color of the water and the odor it also created a reaction that created bubbles.
4. Using at least one scholarly source, discuss what type of affects these contaminants (oil, vinegar, detergent) might have on a t ...
Theworldthroughoursenses 091226102905-phpapp01 (4)
The document discusses the five senses and their corresponding sensory organs. It describes how each sensory organ detects a specific type of stimulus: the skin detects touch, pressure, heat and cold; the nose detects smells; the tongue detects tastes; the ears detect sounds; and the eyes detect light. It then presents an experiment that tests each of the senses by having students observe sensory stimuli like acid on litmus paper, vanilla essence, salt, and oats to see how the different sensory organs respond.
Science Form 2:Chapter 1
The document discusses the five senses and their corresponding sensory organs. It describes how each sensory organ detects a specific type of stimulus: the skin detects touch, pressure, heat and cold; the nose detects smells; the tongue detects tastes; the ears detect sounds; and the eyes detect light. It then presents an experiment where different stimuli are presented and the observations of the resulting sensations are recorded to demonstrate the relationship between each sense, sensory organ, and detected stimulus.
Water organoleptic characteristics
This document discusses the organoleptic characteristics (taste, odor, color) of drinking water. It notes that while water should theoretically be colorless, odorless and tasteless, in reality odor and color can be present. Taste, odor and color are perceived by human senses and can be influenced by dissolved chemicals, salts, microorganisms, temperature and other factors. Various analytical methods like taste/odor panels, electronic noses and chemical analysis can help characterize water organoleptically. Certain water brands are known for their slight sulfur taste or odor from volcanic origins.
URC Poster
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Running head BIOLOGY LAB REPORT1Last name 7Biology Lab R.docx
Running head: BIOLOGY LAB REPORT 1
Last name 7
Biology Lab Report
Name of Instructor
Name of Student
Course Code
DateIntroduction
The abiotic features of an ecosystem are significant to understand the biological community that comprises the biotic component of the ecosystem. The availability of water is particularly significant in everyone’s life. Freshwater helps the world’s water to make it up to about one percent. Scarcity of freshwater limits the range of many terrestrial species of plants and animals (Rhines et al. 7). Plants like animals have different tolerances to salt their environment. As it is known, that all soils have some salts for water-soluble, and in this form of soil, essential nutrients of plants are absorbed. High salinity in the soil makes it more difficult for plants to extract water from the soil.
Freshwater enters an ecosystem in the form of precipitation, a river or lake, or an underground aquifer. With the growth of the human population, intensive practices of agriculture and water demand for urban, water levels in many of the world’s aquifer are dropping. If freshwater is pumped out of an aquifer at a rate exceeding its natural recharge rate saltwater and other pollutants may intrude into the traditional aquifer basin (Martínez-Ballesta, et al. 42). Saltwater encroachment is a growing problem in the aquifers of coastal communities.
Salty soil is also an obstacle that can arise in agriculture. As irrigation water is consumed by plants and evaporated by the sun, salts are left behind. Over time, salt may collect such that the soil becomes too salty for many plants to grow. It is believed that the ancient population of Sumeria first flourished with its practice of irrigation, but over many generations began to undergo reduced crop yields due to the expanding salinity of the soil.
Extreme soil and water salinity are environmental stress constituents that restrain the growth and yield of glycophytic crop plants in various regions of the world. Plant growth may describe as an irreversible increment in size emerging from cell division and expansion and, in principle, established by rates of water uptake and metabolically interfered cell wall loosening and the uptake of nutrients into the cells (Chhabra 252).Methods
In experiment 1, which is named water transport and salinity, several methods or steps are used to obtain the result of the experiment. In this experiment, four cups taken filled with 400 ml of water. Then use the red dye to satin the two cups darkly, and for another two cup strain, blue dye is used. Measure each cup with the same amount of dye and record it. Label the red and blue dye cup with an S. Then add four spoons full of salt in each cup and stir the solutions thoroughly. Obtain two similar stalks of celery, each with some leaves at the top. Cut the stalk in a 1-cm piece off bottom. Then carefully, split the stalks up the middle about half-way. After, performing all the functions of stalks, place both .
Running head BIOLOGY LAB REPORT1Last name 7Biology Lab R.docx
Running head: BIOLOGY LAB REPORT 1
Last name 7
Biology Lab Report
Name of Instructor
Name of Student
Course Code
DateIntroduction
The abiotic features of an ecosystem are significant to understand the biological community that comprises the biotic component of the ecosystem. The availability of water is particularly significant in everyone’s life. Freshwater helps the world’s water to make it up to about one percent. Scarcity of freshwater limits the range of many terrestrial species of plants and animals (Rhines et al. 7). Plants like animals have different tolerances to salt their environment. As it is known, that all soils have some salts for water-soluble, and in this form of soil, essential nutrients of plants are absorbed. High salinity in the soil makes it more difficult for plants to extract water from the soil.
Freshwater enters an ecosystem in the form of precipitation, a river or lake, or an underground aquifer. With the growth of the human population, intensive practices of agriculture and water demand for urban, water levels in many of the world’s aquifer are dropping. If freshwater is pumped out of an aquifer at a rate exceeding its natural recharge rate saltwater and other pollutants may intrude into the traditional aquifer basin (Martínez-Ballesta, et al. 42). Saltwater encroachment is a growing problem in the aquifers of coastal communities.
Salty soil is also an obstacle that can arise in agriculture. As irrigation water is consumed by plants and evaporated by the sun, salts are left behind. Over time, salt may collect such that the soil becomes too salty for many plants to grow. It is believed that the ancient population of Sumeria first flourished with its practice of irrigation, but over many generations began to undergo reduced crop yields due to the expanding salinity of the soil.
Extreme soil and water salinity are environmental stress constituents that restrain the growth and yield of glycophytic crop plants in various regions of the world. Plant growth may describe as an irreversible increment in size emerging from cell division and expansion and, in principle, established by rates of water uptake and metabolically interfered cell wall loosening and the uptake of nutrients into the cells (Chhabra 252).Methods
In experiment 1, which is named water transport and salinity, several methods or steps are used to obtain the result of the experiment. In this experiment, four cups taken filled with 400 ml of water. Then use the red dye to satin the two cups darkly, and for another two cup strain, blue dye is used. Measure each cup with the same amount of dye and record it. Label the red and blue dye cup with an S. Then add four spoons full of salt in each cup and stir the solutions thoroughly. Obtain two similar stalks of celery, each with some leaves at the top. Cut the stalk in a 1-cm piece off bottom. Then carefully, split the stalks up the middle about half-way. After, performing all the functions of stalks, place both ...
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This document summarizes the results of three experiments on water quality and contamination from an online science lab. In Experiment 1, different water samples were observed for characteristics like color and smell after contamination with substances like oil, vinegar, and detergent. Vinegar appeared to have the most potent effect. Experiment 2 tested a water filtration technique using materials like charcoal and sand. The hypothesis that various coagulants could remove contaminants was accepted. Experiment 3 compared tap water to Dasani and Fiji bottled waters using tests for substances like ammonia, chloride, and iron. The results were not entirely clear, but Dasani appeared to have the fewest contaminants overall.
Gen Chem 1 COT 1 Water Properties Lesson plan
Unique properties of water
Water is polar. ...
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more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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