This document discusses the experiences of unmarried mothers who relinquished their children for adoption, known as "Baby Scoop Mothers", during the Baby Scoop Era from 1945-1972 in the United States. It provides quotes from social workers and researchers from that time period that viewed unmarried mothers as problems to be solved and promoted adoption over family preservation. The document also summarizes research showing the long-term psychological and physical impacts experienced by many Baby Scoop Mothers, including chronic grief, depression, and other disabilities. Finally, it contrasts the experiences of Baby Scoop Mothers with more modern unmarried mothers who surrendered children after major social and legal changes in the 1970s protected women's rights.
This document is a term paper about parenting children with special needs. It discusses the history of how special needs children have been treated, current parenting methods and controversies. It also shares the author's personal experiences raising a daughter with Crouzon Syndrome, including creating an Individualized Education Plan for her and dealing with issues like sensory integration disorder and hearing loss. The author believes their daughter is using opportunities available to her to inspire others and make the most of her life.
The document argues that abortion should be illegal under all circumstances. It provides several reasons against abortion, including that it is akin to murder, carries health risks for women, and that an unborn fetus is a human being deserving of life. The document also discusses the responsibilities of parenthood and argues there are social services and adoption as alternatives to abortion. It concludes by calling on the government to make abortions illegal and for people to help women make the "right decision" to save children's lives.
This document discusses arguments for and against abortion from both pro-choice and pro-life perspectives. It examines the key issue of whether a fetus is a person and analyzes potential decisive moments for personhood, such as viability, brain development, sentience, and birth. The document also summarizes philosopher Peter Singer's controversial views supporting abortion and infanticide in some cases. Overall, the document provides an overview of the philosophical, ethical, and legal complexities surrounding the abortion debate.
This document discusses various bioethical issues related to different stages of life.
It first covers topics around sexuality and human reproduction, including the relationship between sex and reproduction with technological advances. It then discusses issues like marriage, contraception, abortion and sexuality.
For different life stages, it outlines ethical considerations regarding infants/children like life support decisions and vaccination. It also addresses adolescent issues such as depression, substance abuse, sexual abuse and eating disorders.
Finally, it briefly defines adulthood and mentions compliance/adherence as ethical issues for adults. Overall, the document takes a broad perspective on how bioethics intersects with human development, relationships and healthcare situations.
Home birth is becoming more popular in the US again after declining in the early 20th century. In 1900 almost all births were at home, but by 1950 88% occurred in hospitals due to changes led by physicians. Today home birth rates range from 1-3% depending on the state. Home birth can provide benefits like lower costs, more family involvement, and feelings of empowerment for mothers. However, it also carries risks like delays in emergency transport and potential issues with inadequate care. Overall, the document discusses the history, benefits, risks, and financial aspects of the home birth option.
This document provides an overview of issues within the substitute care system based on interviews and research. It discusses why children enter foster care, historical background on foster care, requirements for foster homes, common types of abuse in foster care, and stories from former foster youth about instability, abuse suffered, and challenges of aging out of the system. The document calls for reforms like increased support for biological families, reduced caseloads for social workers, and ensuring safety and permanency for children in state care.
This document discusses surrogacy in the United States, including the different types of surrogacy, relevant laws and policies, and ethical considerations. It provides an overview of the key issues, including that laws regulating surrogacy vary significantly between states. Both opponents and proponents of surrogacy raise valid ethical concerns around issues like commodification of children, the surrogate mother's role and autonomy, and exploitation. Nurses generally support greater regulation of surrogacy practices and reproductive autonomy.
Population Action International Annual Reportpopact
This document is PAI's 2010 annual report. It summarizes PAI's work in 2010 to promote family planning and reproductive health globally. Some key points:
- PAI advocates for increased funding and policy support for family planning programs worldwide. They work to integrate these programs with maternal health and HIV/AIDS initiatives.
- Stories from the field in countries like Ethiopia show how access to family planning has helped empower women and improved lives. However, many women still lack access to vital reproductive healthcare.
- PAI produces research on challenges to providing supplies and services. They engage policymakers and other stakeholders to address issues like child marriage and lack of funding for maternal health.
- Programs support youth
This document is a term paper about parenting children with special needs. It discusses the history of how special needs children have been treated, current parenting methods and controversies. It also shares the author's personal experiences raising a daughter with Crouzon Syndrome, including creating an Individualized Education Plan for her and dealing with issues like sensory integration disorder and hearing loss. The author believes their daughter is using opportunities available to her to inspire others and make the most of her life.
The document argues that abortion should be illegal under all circumstances. It provides several reasons against abortion, including that it is akin to murder, carries health risks for women, and that an unborn fetus is a human being deserving of life. The document also discusses the responsibilities of parenthood and argues there are social services and adoption as alternatives to abortion. It concludes by calling on the government to make abortions illegal and for people to help women make the "right decision" to save children's lives.
This document discusses arguments for and against abortion from both pro-choice and pro-life perspectives. It examines the key issue of whether a fetus is a person and analyzes potential decisive moments for personhood, such as viability, brain development, sentience, and birth. The document also summarizes philosopher Peter Singer's controversial views supporting abortion and infanticide in some cases. Overall, the document provides an overview of the philosophical, ethical, and legal complexities surrounding the abortion debate.
This document discusses various bioethical issues related to different stages of life.
It first covers topics around sexuality and human reproduction, including the relationship between sex and reproduction with technological advances. It then discusses issues like marriage, contraception, abortion and sexuality.
For different life stages, it outlines ethical considerations regarding infants/children like life support decisions and vaccination. It also addresses adolescent issues such as depression, substance abuse, sexual abuse and eating disorders.
Finally, it briefly defines adulthood and mentions compliance/adherence as ethical issues for adults. Overall, the document takes a broad perspective on how bioethics intersects with human development, relationships and healthcare situations.
Home birth is becoming more popular in the US again after declining in the early 20th century. In 1900 almost all births were at home, but by 1950 88% occurred in hospitals due to changes led by physicians. Today home birth rates range from 1-3% depending on the state. Home birth can provide benefits like lower costs, more family involvement, and feelings of empowerment for mothers. However, it also carries risks like delays in emergency transport and potential issues with inadequate care. Overall, the document discusses the history, benefits, risks, and financial aspects of the home birth option.
This document provides an overview of issues within the substitute care system based on interviews and research. It discusses why children enter foster care, historical background on foster care, requirements for foster homes, common types of abuse in foster care, and stories from former foster youth about instability, abuse suffered, and challenges of aging out of the system. The document calls for reforms like increased support for biological families, reduced caseloads for social workers, and ensuring safety and permanency for children in state care.
This document discusses surrogacy in the United States, including the different types of surrogacy, relevant laws and policies, and ethical considerations. It provides an overview of the key issues, including that laws regulating surrogacy vary significantly between states. Both opponents and proponents of surrogacy raise valid ethical concerns around issues like commodification of children, the surrogate mother's role and autonomy, and exploitation. Nurses generally support greater regulation of surrogacy practices and reproductive autonomy.
Population Action International Annual Reportpopact
This document is PAI's 2010 annual report. It summarizes PAI's work in 2010 to promote family planning and reproductive health globally. Some key points:
- PAI advocates for increased funding and policy support for family planning programs worldwide. They work to integrate these programs with maternal health and HIV/AIDS initiatives.
- Stories from the field in countries like Ethiopia show how access to family planning has helped empower women and improved lives. However, many women still lack access to vital reproductive healthcare.
- PAI produces research on challenges to providing supplies and services. They engage policymakers and other stakeholders to address issues like child marriage and lack of funding for maternal health.
- Programs support youth
Child Abuse in the U.S. discusses the different types of child abuse including neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. It provides definitions and examples of each type as well as common behavioral and physical signs. The document also discusses why people abuse children and includes statistics on child abuse victims in the U.S. It concludes by suggesting ways readers can get involved through careers, volunteering, or reporting any suspected abuse.
The document discusses 10 "truths" about population control, contraception, and the Catholic Church's teachings. It argues that overpopulation is a myth and population growth boosts economies. It asserts that contraception violates natural law and is immoral, as it can cause abortions by preventing implantation. The document also claims that the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines violates the constitution by not protecting the unborn. It concludes by saying the Church's teachings are based on eternal truths that liberate.
The document discusses how women experience infertility through cultural expectations and meanings. It examines pronatalism and embodied expectations that privilege biological motherhood. Cultural life courses orient people, but infertility disrupts continuity expectations. Two case studies are presented: In Egypt, infertile women are stigmatized as "Mother of the Missing One" and infertility is viewed as God's will. In The Gambia, a woman's worth comes from childbearing, so infertility is a terrible fate that erases one's legacy.
You have been tasked with orienting new registered nurses in the emergency department in your hospital about how to manage child abuse and neglect cases. The orientation should cover child abuse and neglect definitions, prevention, detection, intervention and treatment, reporting, and interdisciplinary resources.
This document discusses the negative impacts of child neglect and the importance of advocating for children who cannot advocate for themselves. It outlines how neglect can harm child development and academic performance. It argues that society must work to give neglected children a voice through social services, child advocates, and reporting abuse and neglect. The overall message is that all members of the community should speak up to protect children from injustice.
This document summarizes a scholarly article about childhood neglect and its effects on neurodevelopment. The article discusses the history of child welfare policy in the US, current federal and state laws around child neglect, statistics on the prevalence and impact of neglect. It also explores research on how neglect affects brain development, citing animal studies, clinical observations, and neurobiological findings. Finally, it analyzes the current system and proposes alternative approaches, including a new definition of neglect focused on child development and prevention strategies rather than investigation and removal of children from homes.
This document discusses child protection and outlines the roles of various professionals at Northtech Nursing Students. It defines different types of child abuse and neglect and provides statistics about child abuse in New Zealand. As health professionals, they can work to change these statistics by following the Northland District Health Board's child protection policy and guidelines. The policy provides a framework for identifying and managing actual or suspected child abuse and neglect and recognizes the important role all staff have in early identification.
The Women's Outpatient Center at Wheaton Franciscan-St. Joseph hospital in Milwaukee provides prenatal care to high-risk pregnant women to improve birth outcomes. Milwaukee has a high infant mortality rate, especially among African Americans. The center addresses barriers to care like lack of insurance, transportation, and education through programs like smoking cessation support and car seat safety classes. These efforts have helped reduce preterm birth rates and improved health for mothers and babies.
The document discusses abortion from several perspectives. It begins by defining abortion as the removal of a fetus or embryo from the uterus, which can occur spontaneously in a miscarriage or be intentionally induced. It notes abortion has been legal in the US since 1973 under Roe v. Wade. The document then explores the debate around whether abortion should be legal or illegal, and considers arguments from both pro-life and pro-choice positions. It raises several points about the complexity of the issue and how personal beliefs and circumstances influence individual views on abortion.
The document contains two timetables, one for Scott and Tahir for the week and one for actors Jenny, Alastair, Benjamin, and Genie. Scott and Tahir's schedule alternates between them having media and the other having a break for lunch each day, while the actors' schedule rotates them through each time slot each day except lunch.
ICAP2010 Presentation on 16.07.10 (Tony Machin)Tony Machin
1) The study examined how three components of employee commitment to organizational change (affective, continuance, and normative commitment) related to perceptions of change success and job satisfaction over three years as a government agency underwent significant structural reforms.
2) They found that job satisfaction was the strongest predictor of change success, followed by affective commitment to change. Continuance and normative commitment were weakly or not related to change success.
3) Affective commitment to change significantly predicted job satisfaction, which partially mediated the relationship between affective commitment and change success. The structural model fit the data well across all three years.
ASPR 2009 Presentation on 02.12.09 (Tony Machin)Tony Machin
This document summarizes a study examining how work-related factors predict job satisfaction and depression. The study found that positive and negative affect significantly predicted both job satisfaction and depression. While personality traits did not predict job satisfaction, neuroticism predicted depression. Certain job characteristics from the Demand-Control-Support model (control and coworker support) uniquely predicted job satisfaction through positive and negative affect. However, these job characteristics did not predict depression beyond personality and affect. The study suggests focusing on improving positive and negative affect through work characteristics to increase satisfaction and alleviate depression.
This document summarizes a study examining how satisfaction of basic psychological needs and other factors predict autonomous and controlled motivation for participating in professional development opportunities. The study surveyed 351 employed individuals, measuring their basic need satisfaction, psychological well-being, personality, and perceptions of their work environment, as well as their autonomous and controlled motivation levels. Results showed psychological well-being was the strongest predictor of motivation, explaining 26-27% of the variance. Basic need satisfaction explained a smaller 11% of variance. Personal growth was the single best predictor of both autonomous and controlled motivation. The study suggests further research is needed examining how basic needs interact over time to influence motivation.
A training package is a set of nationally endorsed standards and qualifications that describe the skills and knowledge required to perform effectively in a specific industry or sector. Training packages ensure consistency and relevance to industry needs but do not describe how training should be delivered. There are currently 86 training packages covering most industries and over 80% of the workforce. Accredited courses can be developed for skills needs not covered by existing training packages.
This document provides background on Dr. Geoff Rickarby, a child psychiatrist, and his testimony to the New South Wales Parliament regarding past adoption practices. It discusses several key issues that promoted adoption over parenting, including myths about unmarried mothers, lack of support for adoptive families, and failure to acknowledge the lifelong grief of birth mothers. Dr. Rickarby argues that many consents were not truly informed or voluntary due to coercion, drugs, and diminished mental capacity of new mothers in the hospital setting.
This social policy research paper focuses on Child Welfare In the United States. The in the paper, the author gives a thorough history of the Child Welfare System as we know it. Trends and impacts on vulnerable populations within our society is also discussed.
Universality of the Grief Experienced by Mothers Who Lose Children to AdoptionMirah Riben
This document summarizes a presentation about the universality of grief experienced by mothers who lose children to adoption. Some key points:
1) Mothers can experience a variety of losses including miscarriage, stillbirth, abortion, custody losses, and adoption. Adoption loss is considered "irresolvable" and "disenfranchised" as it lacks rituals and social validation.
2) Studies have found adoption causes high rates of pathological grief, PTSD, depression, and other mental health issues among birth mothers that often do not diminish over time.
3) Despite the depth of loss, adoption is uniquely encouraged and promoted through financial incentives, unlike other forms of child loss.
4) Myths
The article discusses the ethics of disability, dependency, and practices like eugenics and selective reproduction from multiple perspectives. It references views that see disability as a burden and analyze defenses of eugenics. The author argues these views are problematic as they essentialize health and see disability as uniquely difficult. While individuals may feel this way, expressing such views can be unethical by reinforcing harmful norms. The author draws on works by Dembroff and Kittay to argue we should have normative commitments to all people, not just those deemed healthy or independent. Overall, the article makes the case that disability and dependency are morally important aspects of human diversity that society should support rather than try to eliminate.
A Preliminary Study on Childlessness/Childfree in the US. contemporary societ...Xena Crystal LC Huang
Outline
Is childlessness and the child-free in the U.S. on the rise?
2. A brief chronicle of procreation vs. childlessness
3. Research Method- Hermeneutic Phenomenology
4. Research Rationale
6. Interpretation and Findings
7. Result and implication
(The final version was presented at UW-Stout. Women's Study Conference).
The document discusses the autobiography "Finding Fish" by Antwone Quenton Fisher. It describes some of Fisher's difficult childhood experiences growing up in foster care, including being placed with the Pickett family who were deeply religious. The summary describes some of the cultural aspects of the Pickett family, such as their Southern black heritage and strict adherence to church and religious practices. It also provides examples of Mrs. Pickett's use of derogatory language towards the foster children.
Child Abuse in the U.S. discusses the different types of child abuse including neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. It provides definitions and examples of each type as well as common behavioral and physical signs. The document also discusses why people abuse children and includes statistics on child abuse victims in the U.S. It concludes by suggesting ways readers can get involved through careers, volunteering, or reporting any suspected abuse.
The document discusses 10 "truths" about population control, contraception, and the Catholic Church's teachings. It argues that overpopulation is a myth and population growth boosts economies. It asserts that contraception violates natural law and is immoral, as it can cause abortions by preventing implantation. The document also claims that the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines violates the constitution by not protecting the unborn. It concludes by saying the Church's teachings are based on eternal truths that liberate.
The document discusses how women experience infertility through cultural expectations and meanings. It examines pronatalism and embodied expectations that privilege biological motherhood. Cultural life courses orient people, but infertility disrupts continuity expectations. Two case studies are presented: In Egypt, infertile women are stigmatized as "Mother of the Missing One" and infertility is viewed as God's will. In The Gambia, a woman's worth comes from childbearing, so infertility is a terrible fate that erases one's legacy.
You have been tasked with orienting new registered nurses in the emergency department in your hospital about how to manage child abuse and neglect cases. The orientation should cover child abuse and neglect definitions, prevention, detection, intervention and treatment, reporting, and interdisciplinary resources.
This document discusses the negative impacts of child neglect and the importance of advocating for children who cannot advocate for themselves. It outlines how neglect can harm child development and academic performance. It argues that society must work to give neglected children a voice through social services, child advocates, and reporting abuse and neglect. The overall message is that all members of the community should speak up to protect children from injustice.
This document summarizes a scholarly article about childhood neglect and its effects on neurodevelopment. The article discusses the history of child welfare policy in the US, current federal and state laws around child neglect, statistics on the prevalence and impact of neglect. It also explores research on how neglect affects brain development, citing animal studies, clinical observations, and neurobiological findings. Finally, it analyzes the current system and proposes alternative approaches, including a new definition of neglect focused on child development and prevention strategies rather than investigation and removal of children from homes.
This document discusses child protection and outlines the roles of various professionals at Northtech Nursing Students. It defines different types of child abuse and neglect and provides statistics about child abuse in New Zealand. As health professionals, they can work to change these statistics by following the Northland District Health Board's child protection policy and guidelines. The policy provides a framework for identifying and managing actual or suspected child abuse and neglect and recognizes the important role all staff have in early identification.
The Women's Outpatient Center at Wheaton Franciscan-St. Joseph hospital in Milwaukee provides prenatal care to high-risk pregnant women to improve birth outcomes. Milwaukee has a high infant mortality rate, especially among African Americans. The center addresses barriers to care like lack of insurance, transportation, and education through programs like smoking cessation support and car seat safety classes. These efforts have helped reduce preterm birth rates and improved health for mothers and babies.
The document discusses abortion from several perspectives. It begins by defining abortion as the removal of a fetus or embryo from the uterus, which can occur spontaneously in a miscarriage or be intentionally induced. It notes abortion has been legal in the US since 1973 under Roe v. Wade. The document then explores the debate around whether abortion should be legal or illegal, and considers arguments from both pro-life and pro-choice positions. It raises several points about the complexity of the issue and how personal beliefs and circumstances influence individual views on abortion.
The document contains two timetables, one for Scott and Tahir for the week and one for actors Jenny, Alastair, Benjamin, and Genie. Scott and Tahir's schedule alternates between them having media and the other having a break for lunch each day, while the actors' schedule rotates them through each time slot each day except lunch.
ICAP2010 Presentation on 16.07.10 (Tony Machin)Tony Machin
1) The study examined how three components of employee commitment to organizational change (affective, continuance, and normative commitment) related to perceptions of change success and job satisfaction over three years as a government agency underwent significant structural reforms.
2) They found that job satisfaction was the strongest predictor of change success, followed by affective commitment to change. Continuance and normative commitment were weakly or not related to change success.
3) Affective commitment to change significantly predicted job satisfaction, which partially mediated the relationship between affective commitment and change success. The structural model fit the data well across all three years.
ASPR 2009 Presentation on 02.12.09 (Tony Machin)Tony Machin
This document summarizes a study examining how work-related factors predict job satisfaction and depression. The study found that positive and negative affect significantly predicted both job satisfaction and depression. While personality traits did not predict job satisfaction, neuroticism predicted depression. Certain job characteristics from the Demand-Control-Support model (control and coworker support) uniquely predicted job satisfaction through positive and negative affect. However, these job characteristics did not predict depression beyond personality and affect. The study suggests focusing on improving positive and negative affect through work characteristics to increase satisfaction and alleviate depression.
This document summarizes a study examining how satisfaction of basic psychological needs and other factors predict autonomous and controlled motivation for participating in professional development opportunities. The study surveyed 351 employed individuals, measuring their basic need satisfaction, psychological well-being, personality, and perceptions of their work environment, as well as their autonomous and controlled motivation levels. Results showed psychological well-being was the strongest predictor of motivation, explaining 26-27% of the variance. Basic need satisfaction explained a smaller 11% of variance. Personal growth was the single best predictor of both autonomous and controlled motivation. The study suggests further research is needed examining how basic needs interact over time to influence motivation.
A training package is a set of nationally endorsed standards and qualifications that describe the skills and knowledge required to perform effectively in a specific industry or sector. Training packages ensure consistency and relevance to industry needs but do not describe how training should be delivered. There are currently 86 training packages covering most industries and over 80% of the workforce. Accredited courses can be developed for skills needs not covered by existing training packages.
This document provides background on Dr. Geoff Rickarby, a child psychiatrist, and his testimony to the New South Wales Parliament regarding past adoption practices. It discusses several key issues that promoted adoption over parenting, including myths about unmarried mothers, lack of support for adoptive families, and failure to acknowledge the lifelong grief of birth mothers. Dr. Rickarby argues that many consents were not truly informed or voluntary due to coercion, drugs, and diminished mental capacity of new mothers in the hospital setting.
This social policy research paper focuses on Child Welfare In the United States. The in the paper, the author gives a thorough history of the Child Welfare System as we know it. Trends and impacts on vulnerable populations within our society is also discussed.
Universality of the Grief Experienced by Mothers Who Lose Children to AdoptionMirah Riben
This document summarizes a presentation about the universality of grief experienced by mothers who lose children to adoption. Some key points:
1) Mothers can experience a variety of losses including miscarriage, stillbirth, abortion, custody losses, and adoption. Adoption loss is considered "irresolvable" and "disenfranchised" as it lacks rituals and social validation.
2) Studies have found adoption causes high rates of pathological grief, PTSD, depression, and other mental health issues among birth mothers that often do not diminish over time.
3) Despite the depth of loss, adoption is uniquely encouraged and promoted through financial incentives, unlike other forms of child loss.
4) Myths
The article discusses the ethics of disability, dependency, and practices like eugenics and selective reproduction from multiple perspectives. It references views that see disability as a burden and analyze defenses of eugenics. The author argues these views are problematic as they essentialize health and see disability as uniquely difficult. While individuals may feel this way, expressing such views can be unethical by reinforcing harmful norms. The author draws on works by Dembroff and Kittay to argue we should have normative commitments to all people, not just those deemed healthy or independent. Overall, the article makes the case that disability and dependency are morally important aspects of human diversity that society should support rather than try to eliminate.
A Preliminary Study on Childlessness/Childfree in the US. contemporary societ...Xena Crystal LC Huang
Outline
Is childlessness and the child-free in the U.S. on the rise?
2. A brief chronicle of procreation vs. childlessness
3. Research Method- Hermeneutic Phenomenology
4. Research Rationale
6. Interpretation and Findings
7. Result and implication
(The final version was presented at UW-Stout. Women's Study Conference).
The document discusses the autobiography "Finding Fish" by Antwone Quenton Fisher. It describes some of Fisher's difficult childhood experiences growing up in foster care, including being placed with the Pickett family who were deeply religious. The summary describes some of the cultural aspects of the Pickett family, such as their Southern black heritage and strict adherence to church and religious practices. It also provides examples of Mrs. Pickett's use of derogatory language towards the foster children.
This leaflet aims to gently inform people of an alternative perspective on life that has been kept secret. It discusses how we are all participating in a fascinating game, whether knowingly or not, and that some groups have kept the true rules of this game hidden. It provides recommendations for films, documentaries, websites and books that may help readers explore this perspective without trying to convince them of anything. The overall message is an invitation for people to play this game more consciously and join others in awakening.
This document provides recommendations for videos, films, and websites to learn about alternative perspectives on life that have been suppressed. It suggests searching YouTube for specific documentaries and comedians to find information on secret powers that control societies and keep people divided and fearful. The purpose is to invite people to consciously play the game of life and join others worldwide in waking up to these suppressed truths, regardless of background or beliefs. Nothing can overcome the power of love, and the more joyful and aware people become, the more powerful the "group consciousness."
Adoptive Families magazine has served adoptive families for over 30 years by providing authoritative parenting information. Each issue contains personal stories and advice from adoption professionals and parents. Readers consider the magazine a supportive community that understands their unique experiences. The magazine covers topics of interest to adoptive families like bonding, transracial adoption, and talking to children about adoption.
This document summarizes key points about recognizing issues with the psychiatric diagnosis and treatment of children. It notes that children are often selected for having "unacceptable" behavior and this leads inevitably to diagnosis and treatment. Treatment usually means prescription drugs, but these drugs like Ritalin are actually dangerous stimulants with many adverse side effects. The document argues that psychiatric diagnoses are not valid and the drugs do not truly help children but rather make them more obedient. It warns parents to recognize the oppression of "adultism" and be wary of those who emphasize a child's "potential" over who they are.
This document provides information on open adoption and discusses the potential pros and cons of open, semi-open, and confidential adoptions for birth parents, adoptive parents, and adopted children. It notes that no single type of adoption is best for every family and that the needs of each family may change over time. Resources for further information on open adoption are also listed, including books, websites, and options for speaking with counselors or other adoptive parents.
This document provides information for jurors about their rights and responsibilities. It emphasizes that jurors have the power to vote "not guilty" for any reason and cannot be punished for their verdict. It encourages jurors to exercise independent judgment and reminds them that they are above the law when deciding a case. The document seeks to educate jurors that they have an important role in holding the government accountable and protecting citizens' liberties.
This document provides poverty income guidelines for 2009 based on household size and income thresholds for various assistance programs. It lists the poverty levels for households ranging from 1 to 8 persons. Several federal and state programs then use percentages of the poverty level for eligibility, such as 130% for free school meals and below 185% for WIC. Sources are provided for the income guidelines and thresholds for different food, education, legal, and Minnesota assistance programs.
The document provides guidance for parents on how to respond if their child is being selected for psychiatric treatment and medication. It advises parents to recognize that their child is being labeled as having a disorder based on subjective judgments of their behavior not matching institutional standards. It warns that a diagnosis inevitably leads to treatment with psychoactive drugs that are dangerous and do not actually help children. The document encourages parents to remember the true nature of children, focus on relaxation instead of urgency, and view their child with delight rather than judgment.
This document discusses the history of adoption from antiquity to modern times. It describes how adoption practices have evolved over the centuries from emphasizing the interests of the adopter to focusing on family creation and the best interests of the child. Key points include that ancient civilizations like Rome and India used adoption to ensure cultural continuity, abandoned children in antiquity were often slaves, and the modern concept of adoption emerged in the 19th century United States as a way to find homes for orphaned children.
The document discusses the importance of humility over pride and self-promotion. It notes that God expects people to walk humbly with Him according to Micah 6:8. It uses King David as an example of humility, as he humbly accepted unjust criticism without defending himself according to Psalm 51:17 and 2 Samuel 16:5-14. Finally, it encourages embracing humility over pride and seeing equality in all people at the cross.
This document discusses the importance of kindness as revealed in Micah 6:8. It uses the biblical story of Joseph and his brothers as an example of amazing kindness, as Joseph forgave his brothers who had mistreated him and showed them mercy instead of revenge. The document encourages practicing kindness by following Joseph's example of not seeking revenge even when wronged, acknowledging God's sovereignty, and having room in one's heart for kindness once free from bitterness. It concludes by suggesting three practical lessons to learn from Joseph: not putting oneself in God's place, acknowledging God's hand in all things loosens bitterness, and freedom from revenge and bitterness allows for kindness.
This document discusses the rewards of living a life of integrity and obedience through the example of Daniel. It summarizes that Daniel served as a model of integrity during a time of corruption in Babylon. It outlines six rewards that accompany a life of integrity: developing exemplary character; a clear conscience; intimacy with God; leaving a legacy; mentoring others; and finishing well. The document encourages readers to become people of integrity in their own generation, as Daniel was in his.
Jackie Allred has been working towards her Bachelor's degree in History for 30 years while working full time and raising her two adopted children, Marissa and Alex. Her research paper focuses on understanding Marissa's emotional struggles with being adopted after Marissa found and contacted her birth parents. Through research on adoption forums and literature, Allred has come to understand that the experience of adoption affects all parties in complex ways, but the adopted child often reacts most strongly, though reactions vary significantly between individuals. Her goal is to help Marissa by gaining insight into the perspectives of adopted children and birth mothers.
Postadoption contact agreements allow for some contact between an adopted child's birth family and adoptive family after adoption. Approximately 23 states have laws permitting written, enforceable contact agreements. These agreements specify the type and frequency of contact between parties. The court must approve agreements and can enforce or modify them based on the best interests of the child. States address postadoption contact through enforceable agreements, non-binding agreements, or silence in their laws.
This document outlines the changing views that adopted children have about their adoption and birth families at different stages of development. Infants are focused on attachment to their caregivers, children ages 1-5 may begin to have questions about why they were adopted, children ages 6-12 start to understand adoption is permanent and different than birth family relationships, teenagers ages 13-15 often grapple with identity issues related to adoption, and older teenagers ages 16-19 are figuring out how to integrate their adoption into independent adulthood.
This document is a calendar for the year 2009. It lists the months of the year from January to December across the top. Each month is divided into four weeks and shows the days of the week and dates for that month. The calendar provides an at-a-glance view of the year and allows the user to see the days, weeks, and months.
The document provides an outline and study guide for a presentation about Gladney Center for Adoption. It includes background information about Gladney's history and services. It also discusses current adoption and teen pregnancy statistics in the US. The presentation outline then provides sample questions to ask an audience about adoption and teen pregnancy scenarios, to help educate others about adoption and Gladney's services.
This document contains quotes and passages related to babies, adoption, Christmas, families, and general inspirational messages. Many of the quotes reference God's love and gifts, the wonder and blessings of children, and finding joy through faith and family. Overall, the document provides a collection of short inspirational sayings about life's precious moments.
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
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1. Text of Article 25, United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, December
10, 1948.
(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-
being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care,
and necessary social services , and the right to security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances
beyond his control.
(2) Motherhood and childhhod are entitled to special care and assistance. All children,
whether born in or our of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
The Baby Scoop Era: Research, Education and Inquiry
Founded in 2007 by two mothers - Karen Wilson Buterbaugh and barbara Franks-
Morra, BSERI is dedicated to research, education and inquiry into the period of
American adoption history known as the Baby Scoop Era. The Baby Scoop Era
Research Initiative is established on principles of historical accuracy, truth and
justice. We demand acknowledgement of the historical truth surrounding adoption
practice in the United States during the Baby Scoop Era. We demand recognition for
the millions of women who were systematically denied their inalienable right to raise
their infant sons and daughters. The American Maternity Home Movement
experienced radical change after 1945. Karen Wilson-Buterbaugh's research into the
textbooks, papers, and conference presentations of social workers and sociologists of
the Baby Scoop Era has revealed a movement in flux. Once the province of altruistic
Christian women, the movement rapidly moved from a supportive model to a
psychoanalytic model after WW II. Homes that had sheltered unmarried pregnant
women, and trained them in the life skills they needed to successfully raise their
children, began instead to promote closed, stranger adoption to married couples as the
best social solution to the challenges presented by single motherhood. The change
occurred as social workers began to practice within Maternity Homes, eventually
pushing the Christian women out. The social work profession brought with it a
psychoanalytic bias that informed their practice and radically altered the outcome of
single pregnancy during this period. These practices persisted until 1972, a period of
great social and technological change in the United States. After 1972, the number of
domestic adoptions dropped dramatically. After the early 1970s, easy availability of
contraception, vastly increased economic and educational opportunities, and growing
acceptance of single parenthood presented women with many more options then they
had before. The years between 1945 and 1972, with its maternity reformatories,
institutionally induced guilt, psychoanalytic explanations for single motherhood, and
coercive adoption practices became a brief footnote in American social history, except
to the cohort of women who survived these practices. These women carried into their
adult lives unaddressed burdens of worry, pain and a corrosive secret. The effects of
2. social work practice of these years are very much alive and well in the lives of millions
of American women These years are called the Baby Scoop Era, and these women,
Baby Scoop Mothers. Please take a few moments to peruse some of the research
amassed by Karen W. Buterbaugh. This is what the social workers of the time were
thinking and saying about us, the Baby Scoop Mothers.
A Little History " Some of the _____mothers who placed their
children fifteen or more years before the interviews took place
felt extreme pressure and even coercion to do so. .... Many
_____mothers who felt coerced or tricked into placing their
children for adoption were not at peace with the adoption. The
resentment one _____mother expressed regarding feeling forced
into adoption was typical of those who had felt coercion:
‘Coercion, lies, and deceit... That worked on me... The mother-
child bond is really strong. I think that’s more important than
having two parents. My baby was denied breast milk, knowing
his grandparents. I was denied watching him grow and have a
life together. Fear is what makes people sign relinquishing
papers, fear that it (keeping the baby) will make their life worse
than better. (_____ mothers’) fear is taken advantage of... It is
deceitful. It (coercive adoption) is not really concerned with the
best interest of the mom and baby... It’s concerned with
receiving healthy, white babies for people’."
- Charles T. Kenny, Ph.D. " _____MOTHER, GOOD MOTHER,
Her Story of Heroic Redemption", a booklet published by the Family
Research Council and the National Council for Adoption (2007)
How the adoption industry "professionals" saw us and our babies : "... the tendency
growing out of the demand for babies is to regard unmarried mothers as breeding
machines...(by people intent) upon securing babies for quick adoptions." - Leontine
Young, "Is Money Our Trouble?" (paper presented at the National Conference of
Social Workers, Cleveland, 1953) "Because there are many more married couples
wanting to adopt newborn white babies than there are babies, it may almost be said
that they rather than out of wedlock babies are a social problem. (Sometimes social
workers in adoption agencies have facetiously suggested setting up social provisions
for more 'babybreeding'.)" SOCIAL WORK AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS, National
Association of Social Workers, (Out-of-print) copyright 1964 ". . . unwed mothers may
have placed their children for adoption for any of the following reasons . . . (2) they
were advised or pressured to release the baby . . ." COUNSELING THE UNWED
MOTHER, by Helen E. Terkelsen, copyright 1964 "If the demand for adoptable
babies continues to exceed the supply then it is quite possible that, in the near future,
unwed mothers will be "punished" by having their children taken from them right
3. after birth. A policy like this would not be executed -- nor labeled explicitly -- as
"punishment." Rather, it would be implemented through such pressures and labels as
"scientific findings," "the best interests of the child," "rehabilitation of the unwed
mother," and "the stability of the family and society." Unmarried Mothers, by Clark
Vincent, 1961
"Not all unwed mothers in this country are regarded as presenting the same degree of
social problem. For example, the unmarried mother who has financial means or
supporting relatives and friends, who can leave her own locality or state to have the
baby in privacy or whose baby is needed for adoption by particular social agencies,
and particularly the unwed mother who does not become an economic liability on the
tax-paying public - these receive less public attention and blame. Censure is strong
and unwavering... in the case of unwed mothers whose babies do not serve a social
function. CHILD WELFARE: POLICIES AND PRACTICE, Lela B. Costin (1972),
McGraw-Hill Book Company, (Professor, The Jane Addams Graduate School of
Social Work, University of Illinois) "Faced with insufficient money, an unwed
pregnant girl may find herself forced into an unsuitable marriage or pressured into an
ill-considered plan to surrender her child for adoption in return for the payment of
her medial and living expenses during pregnancy." CHILD WELFARE: POLICIES
AND PRACTICE, Lela B. Costin (1972), McGraw-Hill Book Company, (Professor,
The Jane Addams Graduate School of Social Work, University of Illinois) "... the
unmarried mother may well come to feel that her own needs were disregarded, that
she was helped, not out of any concern for her, but only because she could supply a
baby someone wanted to take from her." CHILD WELFARE: POLICIES AND
PRACTICE, Lela B. Costin (1972), McGraw-Hill Book Company, (Professor, The
Jane Addams Graduate School of Social Work, University of Illinois)
How did Baby Scoop Mothers fare later in life? "Existing evidence suggests that the
experience of relinquishment renders a woman at high risk of psychological (and
possibly physical) disability. Moreover very recent research indicates that actual
disability or vulnerability may not diminish even decades after the event.
....Taken overall, the evidence suggests that over half of these women are suffering
from severe and disabling grief reactions which are not resolved over the passage of
time and which manifest predominantly as depression and psychosomatic illness. "
-- PSYCHOLOGICAL DISABILITY IN WOMEN WHO RELINQUISH A BABY
FOR ADOPTION, Dr. John T. Condon (Medical Journal of Australia) Vol. 144 Feb 3,
1986 (Department of Psychiatry, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042,
Consultant Psychiatrist) " A grief reaction unique to the relinquishing mother was
identified. Although this reaction consists of features characteristic of the normal grief
reaction, these features persist and often lead to chronic, unresolved grief.
Conclusions: The relinquishing mother is at risk for long-term physical, psychological,
and social repercussions.
Although interventions have been proposed, little is known about their effectiveness in
preventing or alleviating these repercussions."
4. -- “Postadoptive Reactions of the Relinquishing Mother: A Review.” By Holli Ann
Askren, MSN, CNM, Kathleen C. Bloom, PhD, CNM. In the Journal of Obstetric,
Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing, 1999 Jul-Aug; 28(4) "Relinquishing mothers
have more grief symptoms than women who have lost a child to death, including more
denial; despair, atypical responses; and disturbances in sleep, appetite, and vigor."
Askren, H., & Bloom, K. (1999) Post-adoptive reactions of the relinquishing mother: A
review. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing, 1999 Jul-Aug;
28(4) "Results shown in Table 3 demonstrate that mothers relinquishing a child for
adoption tend towards more grief symptoms than bereaved parents ... ." ... "Table 3,
comparing natural mothers in both open and closed adoptions with bereaved parents,
shows that natural mothers suffer more denial, atypical responses, despair, anger,
depersonalization, sleep disturbance, somaticizing, physical symptoms, dependency,
vigor." Blanton, T.L., & Deschner, J. (1990). Biological mother's grief: The
postadoptive experience in open versus confidential adoption. Child Welfare Journal,
69(6), "Bowlby (1980) proposed 4 phases of the grief process. The first phase is
characterized by numbing and detachment where a person experiences emotional and
psychological shock, which causes a dulling of feelings and cognitive disbelief." , De
Simone, M. (1994). Unresolved grief in women who have relinquished an infant for
adoption. Doctoral dissertation, New York University School of Social Work, New
York, N.Y
And today? " Regrettably, in many cases, the emphasis has changed from the desire
to provide a needy child with a home, to that of providing a needy parent with a child.
As a result, a whole industry has grown, generating millions of dollars of revenues
each year, seeking babies for adoption and charging prospective parents enormous
fees to process paperwork. The problems surrounding many intercountry adoptions in
which children are taken from poor families in undeveloped countries and given to
parents in developed countries, have become quite well known, but the Special
Rapporteur was alarmed to hear of certain practices within developed countries,
including the use of fraud and coercion to persuade single mothers to give up their
children.”
–United Nations, Commission on Human Rights, 2003. "Based on what I've learned
about the experiences of [mothers] in the United States, I want to suggest that the
conventional understanding of adoption should be turned on its head. Almost
everybody believes that on some level, [mothers] make a choice to give their babies
away. I argue that adoption is rarely about mothers' choices; it is, instead, about the
abject choicelessness of some resourceless women."
Rickie Solinger, Beggars and Choosers, 2001.
Mothers, did you know:
5. ....that you were the sole legal parent of your child until you signed a consent to
terminate your parental rights?
...that you had the same legal right of access to your child as that of any married
parent and could not legally be denied/ or have access to you child restricted in any
way ?
...that you had a revocation period (where applicable) of so and so days/weeks after
signing? [per State law]
...that any pre-adoption procedure which denied you access to your child or restricted
that access in any way was in breach of your parental rights and therefore illegal?
Baby Scoop Era vs. Newer Era Mother Experience Of Surrender:
There are striking differences between the experiences of BSE mothers and newer era
surrendering mothers. Sweeping social change in the ways Americans viewed women
and their roles, technological advances in gynecological and obstetrical care, the
explosion in the availablity of information previously hidden from public view, the
growth of psychological understanding, and a more open, tolerant society have all
contributed to these changes. Perhaps the most striking changes came first, in the
early and mid 1970s, with the Supreme Court of the land striking blow after blow for
the protection of women's Constitutional rights. Congress also contributed landmark
legislation in the same time frame. Among the most important change making
decisions and federal laws are the following:
In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled for the first time ever that women enjoyed
Constitutional protection from discrimination under the Fourteenth Amendment, in
Reed v. Reed
Pregnant women were permitted to stay in school after the 1971 Supreme Court
decision Ordway v. Hargraves. Before then, pregnant high school students were not
permitted to attend regular classes.
The 1971 Supreme Court case Phillips v. Martin Marietta established a mother's right
to be free from discrimination in hiring practices because she has children.
Also in 1972, Congress passes Title IX of the Education Amendments. It bans sex
discrimination in schools. It states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis
of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to
discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial
6. assistance." A direct result of Title IX is that professional schools (medicine, law) saw
their population of women students increase dramatically for the first time in history.
Birth control methods were readily available to unmarried women after 1973. The
Supreme Court did not strike down state law prohibiting contraceptive use by
married couples until 1965 (Griswold v Connecticut.) It was not until 1972 that the
Supremem Court ruled that unmarried people have the right to contraception
( Eisenstadt v. Baird )
Safe, legal, abortion on demand was not readily available to unmarried women until
Roe v Wade, 1973.
There was little to no way to enforce child support payments prior to the Social
Security Amendments of 1974.
Also in 1974, Congress passes the Equal Credit Opportunity Act. It prohibits
discrimination in consumer credit practices on the basis of sex, race, marital status,
religion, national origin, age, or receipt of public assistance. As a result of being able
to establish their own lines of credit, women can now get credit cards, take out auto
loans, and rent apartments independently.
In addition, in 1974, sex was added to the list of protected classes in the Fair Housing
Act, which was first enacted by Congress in 1968. Before that time, women could be
discriminated against by sellers or renters of housing properties.
In 1975, the Supreme Court decided in Cleveland Board of Education v LeFleur, that
employers can not force pregnant women to take unpaid maternity leave after the first
trimester because it impinges upon women's due process rights.
In 1978, Congress passed The Pregnancy Discrimination Act. It bans employment
discrimination against pregnant women. Under the act, a woman cannot be fired or
denied a job or a promotion because she is or may become pregnant Further, she can
not be forced to take a pregnancy leave if she is willing and able to work.
These rapid changes in the legal standing of American women between 1971 and 1978
ushered in an era of increasing economic, social and educational independence for
them. With this independence came changes in women's personal power. Practices
and attitudes towards women that had been the norm for a century or more were
swept away in a tidal wave of social change. Advances in reproductive medicine were
also occurring during the 1970s with widespread acceptance and use of the birth
control pill. Coupled with the new legal standing of women, practices which had been
unremarkable, everyday and "normal" before and during the Baby Scoop Era,
became unthinkable.