The document discusses the researcher's work using data integration methods to better understand complex diseases like obesity, asthma, and cancer that disproportionately impact racial and gender groups. Over the past 8 years, their research has focused on applying the endotype identification in complex diseases (EICD) framework to identify disease subtypes using different types of omics data along with established disease indicators. This approach has identified potential biomarkers for childhood asthma and is currently being used to study a type of childhood obesity related to maternal factors to help predict risk and identify biomarkers. The EICD framework is presented as a generalizable method for mechanistic disease subtype discovery that could help predict, diagnose, and precisely treat chronic diseases.
Νικόλαος Παπαχρήστου, 3rd Health Innovation ConferenceStarttech Ventures
Ομιλία – Παρουσίαση: , PhD Student in Machine Learning for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics Research, University of Surrey
Τίτλος παρουσίασης: «Ανάλυση δεδομένων καρκινοπαθών για την πρόβλεψη των συμπτωμάτων τους κατά τη διάρκεια της χημειοθεραπείας»
Developing Urban Health Indicators for Low Income Countries: A Case Studysteelss
These slides are from a quest lecture given at the Institute for Sustainable Futures at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia (2012).
It gives an overview of my PhD study which was centred on investigating the potential health implications of urbanisation in Vietnam, in addition to exploring NGO engagement with policy makers and government authorities in implementing public health policy.
Precision medicine require high precision in all parts which contributes to it. This presentation outlines the methodologies and pin point a subsystem whose precision is lot to be desired.
Vitiligo and alopecia areata are both common, T cell-driven autoimmune diseases of the skin. Recognizing
similarities and differences between these diseases will promote a more complete understanding of their
pathogenesis as well as the development of new treatments.
Νικόλαος Παπαχρήστου, 3rd Health Innovation ConferenceStarttech Ventures
Ομιλία – Παρουσίαση: , PhD Student in Machine Learning for Healthcare and Clinical Informatics Research, University of Surrey
Τίτλος παρουσίασης: «Ανάλυση δεδομένων καρκινοπαθών για την πρόβλεψη των συμπτωμάτων τους κατά τη διάρκεια της χημειοθεραπείας»
Developing Urban Health Indicators for Low Income Countries: A Case Studysteelss
These slides are from a quest lecture given at the Institute for Sustainable Futures at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia (2012).
It gives an overview of my PhD study which was centred on investigating the potential health implications of urbanisation in Vietnam, in addition to exploring NGO engagement with policy makers and government authorities in implementing public health policy.
Precision medicine require high precision in all parts which contributes to it. This presentation outlines the methodologies and pin point a subsystem whose precision is lot to be desired.
Vitiligo and alopecia areata are both common, T cell-driven autoimmune diseases of the skin. Recognizing
similarities and differences between these diseases will promote a more complete understanding of their
pathogenesis as well as the development of new treatments.
Researchers from the University of Michigan Health System found an obesity paradox among older patients suffering from sepsis. The study, which was published in the August issue of Critical Care Medicine, observed 1,404 Medicare beneficiaries and found that heavier patients had higher rates of survival from the life-threatening condition that may require a stay in the intensive care unit.
Researchers from the University of Michigan Health System found an obesity paradox among older patients suffering from sepsis. The study, which was published in the August issue of Critical Care Medicine, observed 1,404 Medicare beneficiaries and found that heavier patients had higher rates of survival from the life-threatening condition that may require a stay in the intensive care unit.
Researchers from the University of Michigan Health System found an obesity paradox among older patients suffering from sepsis. The study, which was published in the August issue of Critical Care Medicine, observed 1,404 Medicare beneficiaries and found that heavier patients had higher rates of survival from the life-threatening condition that may require a stay in the intensive care unit.
Researchers from the University of Michigan Health System found an obesity paradox among older patients suffering from sepsis. The study, which was published in the August issue of Critical Care Medicine, observed 1,404 Medicare beneficiaries and found that heavier patients had higher rates of survival from the life-threatening condition that may require a stay in the intensive care unit.
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A systematic review on paediatric medication errors by parents or caregivers ...Javier González de Dios
El objetivo del proyecto “FARMAVIZOR, uso más seguro de la medicación en pacientes pediátricos en el hogar” es desarrollar y evaluar una intervención online dirigida a padres-madres para incrementar la seguridad en el uso de los medicamentos pediátricos en el hogar. Esta intervención incluye un programa de educación sanitaria para fomentar un uso seguro del medicamento en el hogar, junto con la puesta en marcha de un sistema de notificación de incidentes en el hogar para padres-madres donde compartir experiencias con otros progenitores, aprender y mejorar a aplicar adecuadamente los tratamientos pediátricos en casa. Toda esta información se puede encontrar en la web del proyecto que hemos titulado como “Mi cuaderno pediátrico seguro seguro”.
Y como parte de este proyecto se han derivado algunos proyectos de investigación que van viendo la luz en las revistas biomédicas, en este caso el artículo “A systematic review on pediatric medication errors by parents or caregivers at home” publicado en la revista Expert Opin Drug Saf. (IF 4,250, Q2).
Final Presentation of the Bergen Summer Research School 2010, course 4: Mobile Technologies for Global Health Research (presented on Friday, July 2 by Ali Habib, John Wesonga and Heather Zornetzer)
Mitochondrial Disease Community Registry: First look at the data, perspectiv...SophiaZilber
Patient-populated registries are an important component of rare disease communities for many
reasons, including their use as a tool for gathering opinions on specific topics. The Mitochondrial
Disease Community Registry (MDCR) was launched in 2014 for this purpose as well as to identify and
characterize mitochondrial disease patients from the patient perspective. Data collected over a four
year period and provided by adult mitochondrial disease patients and caregivers of pediatric
mitochondrial disease patients in response to a single survey are presented. Primary findings include
the importance of clinician-patient communication, need for treatment and cure, impact of the disease
on the entire life of a person, and quality of life as top issues as described by patients. Despite multiple
challenges, patients are hopeful about the future and thankful for the survey. Efforts should be made
to identify ways to better support patients, improve communication, and create more trusting and
healing relationships between patients and doctors. Additionally, data quality checks showed that more
clear and simple questions and shorter more-targeted surveys are needed in order to get accurate
and meaningful data that can be used for analysis and research in the future.
Descriptive EpidemiologyHIVAIDS was first recognized as aemersonpearline
Descriptive Epidemiology
HIV/AIDS was first recognized as an epidemic in the United States in 1981. At the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, the life expectancy for infected persons was less than 7 years. Today, because of research and new treatment options, people who begin treatment soon after diagnosis can expect to live a nearly normal life span (Cairns, 2010). The HIV/AIDS epidemic was identified through descriptive epidemiology.
Descriptive epidemiologic studies are often conducted as precursors to analytic studies. Epidemiologic concepts are used to gather data to better understand and evaluate health trends in populations. Data such as characteristics of the persons affected, place where an incident occurred, and time of occurrence are collected and analyzed to look for patterns in an effort to identify emerging health problems.
In this Discussion, you will apply the epidemiologic concepts of time, place, and person to a specific population health problem.
To prepare:
Consider a variety of population health problems, and then select one on which to focus for this Discussion.
Identify a specific population affected by your selected health problem.
Research the patterns of the disease in your selected population using the epidemiologic characteristics of person, place, and time.
Explore three to five data sources presented in the Learning Resources that could aid you in describing the population and magnitude of the problem. Analyze the strengths and limitations of each data source.
Consider methods for obtaining raw data to determine the variables of person, place, and time for your health problem. Ask yourself: How would the methods I select influence the accuracy of case identification, definition, and diagnosis?
By tomorrow Wednesday 03/07/18 by 4pm, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with a minimum of THREE scholarly references from the list of required readings below. Include the level one headers as numbered below:
Post
a cohesive response that addresses the following:
1) Evaluate your selected health problem in the population you identified by describing
THREE
to
FIVE
characteristics related to person, place, and time.
2) Appraise the data sources you utilized by outlining the
strengths
and
limitations
of each.
3) Discuss
TWO
methods you could use to collect raw data to determine the descriptive epidemiology of your health problem, determine how these methods would influence the completeness of case identification as well as the case definition/diagnostic criteria used.
Required Readings
Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. A. (2014). Epidemiology for public health practice (5th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett.
Chapter 3,
“Measures of Morbidity and Mortality Used in Epidemiology”
Chapter 4
, “Descriptive Epidemiology: Person, Place, Time”
Chapter 5
, “Sources of Data for Use in Epidemiology”
Chapter 3
examines several measu ...
Running head CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS.docxtodd271
Running head: CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
5
CRITIQUE OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
Adenike George
Walden University
NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice
April 11, 2019
Critique of Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Method Design
Both quantitative and qualitative methods play a pivotal role in nursing research. Qualitative research helps nurses and other healthcare workers to understand the experiences of the patients on health and illness. Quantitative data allows researchers to use an accurate approach in data collection and analysis. When using quantitative techniques, data can be analyzed using either descriptive statistics or inferential statistics which allows the researchers to derive important facts like demographics, preference trends, and differences between the groups. The paper comprehensively critiques quantitative and quantitative techniques of research. Furthermore, the author will also give reasons as to why qualitative methods should be regarded as scientific.
The overall value of quantitative and Qualitative Research
Quantitative studies allow the researchers to present data in terms of numbers. Since data is in numeric form, researchers can apply statistical techniques in analyzing it. These include descriptive statistics like mean, mode, median, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as ANOVA, t-tests, correlation and regression analysis. Statistical analysis allows us to derive important facts from data such as preference trends, demographics, and differences between groups. For instance, by conducting a mixed methods study to determine the feeding experiences of infants among teen mothers in North Carolina, Tucker and colleagues were able to compare breastfeeding trends among various population groups. The multiple groups compared were likely to initiate breastfeeding as follows: Hispanic teens 89%, Black American teens 41%, and White teens 52% (Tucker et al., 2011).
The high strength of quantitative analysis lies in providing data that is descriptive. The descriptive statistics helps us to capture a snapshot of the population. When analyzed appropriate, the descriptive data enables us to make general conclusions concerning the population. For instance, through detailed data analysis, Tucker and co-researchers were able to observe that there were a large number of adolescents who ceased breastfeeding within the first month drawing the need for nurses to conduct individualized follow-ups the early days after hospital discharge. These follow-ups would significantly assist in addressing the conventional technical problems and offer support in managing back to school transition (Tucker et al., 2011).
Qualitative research allows researchers to determine the client’s perspective on healthcare. It enables researchers to observe certain behaviors and experiences amo.
Running head ROLE OF DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY IN NURSING SCIENCE .docxtodd521
Running head: ROLE OF DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY IN NURSING SCIENCE 1
ROLE OF DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY IN NURSING SCIENCE 8
Role of Descriptive Epidemiology in Nursing Science
Steve Akinbehinje
DNP/825- Population Management
May 22, 2019
Descriptive Epidemiology
According to Naito (2014), “descriptive epidemiology is the epidemiological studies with much of the activities being in the descriptive component rather than the analytical component”. From the analytical epidemiology prospective, descriptive epidemiology deals with the reporting and identification of patterns and frequency of disease process in a population. In descriptive epidemiology, “the focus is on the occurrence of the diseases which is described through temporal trends and geographical comparisons” (Cassone & Mody, 2015). Descriptive epidemiology is therefore at the realm of evidence-based pyramid, they dictate an influence that is strong in the approach of epidemiology. Prevalence and incidence data of disease are relevant in today’s healthcare setting and research.
Relationship of Descriptive Epidemiology in Nursing Science
Unarguably, descriptive epidemiology centers on distribution and frequency of the health-related exposure or health outcome. “The analysis of who is affected by health outcome and how common it is showing prevalence as well as incidence” (Kim & Hooper, 2014). Person, place, and time can describe the aspect of people affected. An example in the explanation of the description of the distribution of health outcome with elements such as geography, population and time. “These aspects are crucial in nursing science as they provide a guideline which will be employed in the provision of quality care to outcome” (Montoya, Cassone & Mody, 2016). Subsequently, better understanding of disease severity is increased which enhance the development of prevention and management strategies. Whenever there is an improvement in healthcare outcome, the process that allows understanding of the changes that resulted in attaining the improvement is made possible through descriptive epidemiology.
Role of Descriptive Epidemiology in Nursing Science
Health data source and disease surveillance system are used to gather information when monitoring disease and health trends, and they are organized in such a way that enables the data to be systematically analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Thus, the discrepancies in the frequency of the disease can be better understood over a given time (Fazel, Geddes & Kushel, 2014). Moreover, better understanding of disease variation of individuals in the basis of personal traits such as place and time is made possible thereby making the process of planning resources to address healthcare issues of the population easier. “The hypothesis that are used in making of the determinants about health and diseases are generated from the descriptive epidemiology” (Karimi et al., 2014). Most importantly, generating hypothesis is an initial s.
Nutritional assessment status of adult patients with multiple sclerosis: A na...Innspub Net
No previous research has assessed the nongenetic factors, especially the nutrition status of MS patients in Arab countries. Hence, this study aims to assess the nutritional status of MS patients among Arab adults. This study is a nationally representative cross-sectional study using a structured, online self-administered, validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) from 13 Arab countries. All data analyses were performed using STATA 16.0 and R for statistical computing version 4.0.4. A total of 813 participants were surveyed, most of the MS participants were female (68.4%), married (58.5%), non-smoker (72.6%) and 53.3% were diagnosed with MS for up to five years. MS participants did not consume the DRI of both the macro and the micronutrients including the energy requirements, except the dietary intake of the sodium which was insignificantly different from the DRI. Results also showed that most participants rarely consumed the main food items including bread, cereals, and most types of meat. While, more than 50% of the participants consumed fruit, vegetables, all types of chicken, fish, fresh soup, rice, and egg up to 3 times per month. On the other hand, milk and milkshake were consumed rarely; while, tea and herbal teas were the most common beverages. Nutrient deficiencies are very common among MS Arab patients. The finding of this study can establish a base for the development of a nutritional program for MS patients in accordance with the recommended DRI.
13 Assessing Current Approaches to Childhood ImmunizatioChantellPantoja184
13
Assessing Current Approaches to Childhood Immunizations
Department of Psychology, Grand Canyon University
PSY-550: Research Methods
Dr. Shari Schwartz
May 19, 2021
Introduction
Immunization is the process in which an individual is protected against disease, and it is done via vaccination. On the other hand, vaccination is the action of a vaccine being introduced into the body to produce immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine is a product that arouses the immune system of an individual, thus the production of immunity to a particular disease. The immunity thus protects the individual from that disease. Immunity is the protection from a disease that is infectious. Child immunization is the primary public health approach in the reduction of child mortality and morbidity. Assessment of the current approaches that are linked to the immunization of a child is essential. Globally, primary immunization is estimated to prevent approximately 2.5 million childhood deaths annually from tetanus, diphtheria, measles, and pertussis (Dube et al., 2013). Immunization succession is always accompanied by rejection of public health practices, and reasons for these have never been straightforward. Some of the motivations are religious, scientific, or even political. To reduce the incidence and prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccination programs depend on a high uptake level. Vaccination offers protection for vaccinated individuals. When there are high vaccination coverage rates, the indirect protection rate is stimulated for the overall community (Dube et al., 2013).Literature Review
Despite this massive use, immunization coverage in countries still developing has been reported to be still low. If mothers were educated on the importance of these vaccine services to their children, all the children would receive immunization as per the Expanded Program on the Immunization schedule, hence preventing mortality and morbidity. According to Thapar et al., in 2014, approximately an 18.7million children could not get the third dose of the Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus (DPT3) vaccine. The total percentage of children who are one year and below and have to receive their dosses of DPT3 vaccine is seen as a proxy indicator regarding full immunization. The DPT3 estimates assess the health system performance and measure the immunization program effectiveness regarding service delivery. These strategies are thus used in the implementation of strategies for the elimination and eradication of diseases. According to Thapar et al., the global coverage for DPT1 and DPT3 was 90% and 86%, respectively, while that of measles first dose at 86%.
The above estimates thus do not replicate the seen differences in vaccine coverage. The coverage of DPT1 and DPT3 varied from 84% and 76% in Africa and 97% and 94% in the European countries. In India, the routine has been lower than in the rest of the countries. Following the 2013 outbreak in Israel, many paren ...
13 Assessing Current Approaches to Childhood ImmunizatioCicelyBourqueju
13
Assessing Current Approaches to Childhood Immunizations
Department of Psychology, Grand Canyon University
PSY-550: Research Methods
Dr. Shari Schwartz
May 19, 2021
Introduction
Immunization is the process in which an individual is protected against disease, and it is done via vaccination. On the other hand, vaccination is the action of a vaccine being introduced into the body to produce immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine is a product that arouses the immune system of an individual, thus the production of immunity to a particular disease. The immunity thus protects the individual from that disease. Immunity is the protection from a disease that is infectious. Child immunization is the primary public health approach in the reduction of child mortality and morbidity. Assessment of the current approaches that are linked to the immunization of a child is essential. Globally, primary immunization is estimated to prevent approximately 2.5 million childhood deaths annually from tetanus, diphtheria, measles, and pertussis (Dube et al., 2013). Immunization succession is always accompanied by rejection of public health practices, and reasons for these have never been straightforward. Some of the motivations are religious, scientific, or even political. To reduce the incidence and prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccination programs depend on a high uptake level. Vaccination offers protection for vaccinated individuals. When there are high vaccination coverage rates, the indirect protection rate is stimulated for the overall community (Dube et al., 2013).Literature Review
Despite this massive use, immunization coverage in countries still developing has been reported to be still low. If mothers were educated on the importance of these vaccine services to their children, all the children would receive immunization as per the Expanded Program on the Immunization schedule, hence preventing mortality and morbidity. According to Thapar et al., in 2014, approximately an 18.7million children could not get the third dose of the Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus (DPT3) vaccine. The total percentage of children who are one year and below and have to receive their dosses of DPT3 vaccine is seen as a proxy indicator regarding full immunization. The DPT3 estimates assess the health system performance and measure the immunization program effectiveness regarding service delivery. These strategies are thus used in the implementation of strategies for the elimination and eradication of diseases. According to Thapar et al., the global coverage for DPT1 and DPT3 was 90% and 86%, respectively, while that of measles first dose at 86%.
The above estimates thus do not replicate the seen differences in vaccine coverage. The coverage of DPT1 and DPT3 varied from 84% and 76% in Africa and 97% and 94% in the European countries. In India, the routine has been lower than in the rest of the countries. Following the 2013 outbreak in Israel, many paren ...
13 Assessing Current Approaches to Childhood Immunizatio
Research Interest Oct2016
1. The era of lower cost high throughput omic data technologies and electronic medical records
provides a rich environment for data driven discoveries in disparities of chronic complex
diseases such as obesity. However, the large scale and size, complexity, and heterogeneous
nature of the data present both practical and conceptual challenges in the integration of these
data types. However, data integration methods are being developed at an unprecedented rate.
My primary research interest is in the application, development, and specification of data
integration methods to better understand the prevention, early identification, and treatment of
complex and chronic diseases with racial and sex disparities.
Over the past 8 years, I have focused on the application, development, and specification of data
integration methods to better understand mechanisms and the occurrence of childhood
asthma, childhood obesity, breast cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases. While many
approaches exist, my research has consistently focused on the endotype identification in
complex diseases (EICD) knowledge discovery framework (Williams-DeVane 2016 in
preparation), where the goal is to identify data driven subtypes of complex and/or chronic
diseases that lead to mechanistic understanding and/or probable biomarkers of disease. In an
iterative manner, we analysis different omic datatypes using established disease indicators, i.e.
Body Mass Index (BMI) for obesity, to determine the complex disease status and then apply
traditional statistical analysis methods to identify probable biomarkers. However, due to the
nature of large scale heterogeneous human subject data there is rarely enough power to
confidently identify biomarkers of disease. However, as a first step in knowledge discovery we
can learn about the data types contribution to the disease and eliminate invariant variables
from the analysis. We then explore alternative and/or race and sex adjusted disease indicators
and repeat the statistical analysis with the goal of
identifying improved disease indicators. Next, we
explore additional data types independently. At any
time in the knowledge discovery process, endotype
identification methods can be applied to identify
subtypes of the complex disease. As more data
becomes available indicators of disease improve ,
more characteristics of the data type are learned,
endotypes improve, mechanistic understanding is
gained, and probable biomarkers of disease are
identified.
The first application of this knowledge discovery was during my postdoctoral fellowship at the
Environmental Protection Agency in Dr. Stephen Edwards research program to identify
endotypes of childhood asthma. Several endotypes of childhood asthma were identified in a
mostly African American population of adolescents leading to insights about multi-omic data
integration (Williams-DeVane et al. 2014) as well as probable biomarkers of childhood asthma
(George et al. 2015). Our current application of the full EICD knowledge discovery paradigm
has been applied to a specific type of childhood obesity that we have coined Maternal
Mediated Childhood Obesity (MMCO) where the goal is to better predict childhood obesity
based on the epigenetics of cord blood, maternal environmental variables, and early childhood
2. growth patterns. In addition, metabolomic and microbiomic data types are considered.
Throughout the EICD knowledge discovery framework, we have developed tools specific to the
use of electronic medical records, MonoInc (Josey et al. 2016 in preparation), identified
preliminary sex and race adjusted disease indicators of MMCO (Williams-DeVane et al. 2016 in
preparation), and have started to identify endotypes of MMCO that will eventually lead to the
identification of probable biomarkers of disease.
The EICD knowledge discovery framework is a generalizable framework that can be applied to
many diseases and complex problems. At the core of the method is deep phenotyping and
deep learning to identify mechanistically distinct subtypes, endotypes, of complex and/or
chronic diseases. The applications of these methods are endless and have the potential to lead
to more affordable healthcare through the prediction, early identification, and precise
treatment of chronic diseases particularly in disparate populations.