1. The document analyzed survey results about organizational metaphors and leadership roles used by different groups. 2. The most common organizational metaphor was "Big Family" and the most common leadership role was "Head of Family". 3. Cross tabulations showed "Big Family" was most associated with males aged 46-50 working 10-15 years in religious organizations, and "Head of Family" was also most associated with these groups.

1. METAPHOR
on leadership analysis

2. Today, we’re going
to present…

3. Today, we’re going
to present…
METAPHORs
In leadership

4. USING SPSS
to analyze the result that we got

5. VALIDITY
check

6. Organization Metaphor Leadership Role
Valid 100 100
Missing 0 0
VALID 100%

7. analysis

8. Organization
metaphor

9. Organization Metaphor
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Percent
Ship 15 15.0 15.0 15.0
Big Family 34 34.0 34.0 49.0
Big Machine 7 7.0 7.0 56.0
Organism 7 7.0 7.0 63.0
Group of People 7 7.0 7.0 70.0
Working Groups 6 6.0 6.0 76.0
Valid Dynasty 2 2.0 2.0 78.0
Soccer Team 5 5.0 5.0 83.0
Orchestra 7 7.0 7.0 90.0
Army 5 5.0 5.0 95.0
Big Family 1 1.0 1.0 96.0
Others 4 4.0 4.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

10. Leadership
role

11. Leadership Role
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Percent
Army General 4 4.0 4.0 4.0
Conductor 6 6.0 6.0 10.0
Helmsman 2 2.0 2.0 12.0
Ship Captain 8 8.0 8.0 20.0
Tour Guide 2 2.0 2.0 22.0
Coach 5 5.0 5.0 27.0
Meaning Maker 2 2.0 2.0 29.0
Head of Family 29 29.0 29.0 58.0
Valid Hero 1 1.0 1.0 59.0
Coach 4 4.0 4.0 63.0
Mentor 11 11.0 11.0 74.0
Educator / Teacher 3 3.0 3.0 77.0
Guide 7 7.0 7.0 84.0
Knight 1 1.0 1.0 85.0
Shepherd 6 6.0 6.0 91.0
Others 9 9.0 9.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

12. Business
type

13. Types of Industry
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Percent
Manufacturing 14 14.0 14.0 14.0
Trading 14 14.0 14.0 28.0
Non Profit Organization 12 12.0 12.0 40.0
Government Organization 8 8.0 8.0 48.0
Valid Service Business 19 19.0 19.0 67.0
Religious Organization 16 16.0 16.0 83.0
Others 16 16.0 16.0 99.0
8 1 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

14. 1. Big Family = Head of Family
2. Mostly in service business
Logical

15. Cross
tabulation

16. Organization
metaphor

17. Organization Metaphor * Gender Cross tabulation
Gender
Total
Male Female
Ship 11 4 15
Big Family 23 11 34
Big Machine 5 2 7
Organism 6 1 7
Group of People 3 4 7
Working Groups 3 3 6
Organization Metaphor
Dynasty 0 2 2
Soccer Team 4 1 5
Orchestra 7 0 7
Army 3 2 5
Big Family 1 0 1
Others 3 1 4
Total 69 31 100

18. Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by Male
related

19. Organization Metaphor * Age Cross tabulation
Age
Total
20-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 >50
Ship 3 4 1 1 1 0 5 15
Big Family 2 4 4 6 6 7 5 34
Big Machine 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 7
Organism 2 0 0 1 2 0 2 7
Group of People 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 7
Working Groups 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 6
Organization Metaphor
Dynasty 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2
Soccer Team 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 5
Orchestra 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 7
Army 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 5
Big Family 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Others 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 4
Total 14 14 8 16 15 13 20 100

20. Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by 46 - 50 years
related

21. Organization Metaphor * Length of Work Cross tabulation
Length of Work
Total
<1 - 5 years 5 - 10 years 10 - 15 years 15 - 25 years
Ship 6 4 2 3 15
Big Family 10 8 11 5 34
Big Machine 2 1 3 1 7
Organism 2 2 2 1 7
Group of People 3 2 1 1 7
Working Groups 2 2 2 0 6
Organization Metaphor
Dynasty 0 1 0 1 2
Soccer Team 4 1 0 0 5
Orchestra 2 2 2 1 7
Army 2 1 1 1 5
Big Family 1 0 0 0 1
Others 2 1 1 0 4
Total 36 25 25 14 100

22. Big Family metaphor was chosen by
people who have 10 – 15 years work experience
related

23. Organization Metaphor * Types of Industry Cross tabulation
Types of Industry
Non Govern
Religious
Manufact Profit ment Service Total
Trading Organiza Others 8
uring Organiza Organiza Business
tion
tion tion
Ship 0 2 1 3 4 3 1 1 15
Big Family 6 1 7 1 3 9 7 0 34
Big Machine 4 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 7
Organism 1 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 7
Group of People 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 7
Organization Working Groups 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 6
Metaphor Dynasty 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
Soccer Team 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 5
Orchestra 0 2 0 1 2 2 0 0 7
Army 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 0 5
Big Family 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Others 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 4
Total 14 14 12 8 19 16 16 1 100

24. Big Family metaphor was chosen by
people who worked in religious organization
related

25. Leadership
role

26. Leadership Role * Gender Cross tabulation
Gender Total
Male Female
Army General 2 2 4
Conductor 6 0 6
Helmsman 2 0 2
Ship Captain 6 2 8
Tour Guide 1 1 2
Coach 2 3 5
Meaning Maker 1 1 2
Leadership Role
Head of Family 20 9 29
Hero 1 0 1
Coach 3 1 4
Mentor 6 5 11
Educator / Teacher 3 0 3
Guide 4 3 7
Knight 1 0 1
Shepherd 5 1 6
Others 6 3 9
Total 69 31 100

27. Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by Male
related

28. Leadership Role * Age Cross tabulation
Age
Total
20-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 >50
Army General 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 4
Conductor 0 1 0 1 0 1 3 6
Helmsman 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2
Ship Captain 0 4 0 1 0 0 3 8
Tour Guide 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
Coach 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 5
Meaning Maker 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2
Leadership Role
Head of Family 3 5 2 4 6 6 3 29
Hero 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Coach 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 4
Mentor 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 11
Educator / Teacher 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 3
Guide 1 1 0 1 1 0 3 7
Knight 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Shepherd 2 0 2 1 1 0 0 6
Others 2 1 1 3 1 0 1 9
Total 14 14 8 16 15 13 20 100

29. Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by 41-50 years old
related

30. Leadership Role * Length of Work Cross tabulation
Length of Work
Total
<1 - 5 years 5 -10 years 10 - 15 years 15 - 25 years
Army General 2 0 1 1 4
Conductor 2 1 2 1 6
Helmsman 1 0 0 1 2
Ship Captain 1 3 2 2 8
Tour Guide 1 1 0 0 2
Coach 3 2 0 0 5
Meaning Maker 1 0 0 1 2
Leadership Role
Head of Family 11 5 9 4 29
Hero 0 0 1 0 1
Coach 0 2 2 0 4
Mentor 4 4 2 1 11
Educator / Teacher 1 1 0 1 3
Guide 2 1 3 1 7
Knight 0 0 1 0 1
Shepherd 4 1 1 0 6
Others 3 4 1 1 9
Total 36 25 25 14 100

31. Head of the Family metaphor was chosen by
people who have 10 – 15 years work experience
related

32. Leadership Role * Types of Industry Cross tabulation
Types of Industry
Non Governme
Religious
Manufactu Profit nt Service
Trading Organizati Others 8 Total
ring Organizati Organizati Business
on
on on
Army General 0 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 4
Conductor 0 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 6
Helmsman 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2
Ship Captain 1 1 0 2 3 1 0 0 8
Tour Guide 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Coach 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 5
Meaning Maker 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2
Leadership Head of Family 5 1 6 0 4 5 8 0 29
Role Hero 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Coach 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 4
Mentor 2 1 1 0 2 2 3 0 11
Educator / Teacher 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 3
Guide 1 2 1 0 2 1 0 0 7
Knight 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Shepherd 0 0 2 0 1 3 0 0 6
Others 2 0 1 1 3 0 2 0 9
Total 14 14 12 8 19 16 16 1 100

33. Head of the Family metaphor was mostly chosen by
people who worked in miscellaneous organization
related

34. conclusion

35. Organization
metaphor

36. Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by
• Male
• 46 - 50 years old
• have 10 – 15 years work experience
• worked in religious organization

37. Leadership
role

38. Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by
• Male
• 41-50 years old
• have 10 – 15 years work experience
• worked in miscellaneous organization

39. Any
questions?

40. We’re done!