Rescue robots are designed to rescue people in dangerous situations like mining accidents, urban disasters, hostage situations, and explosions. They have abilities like searching, mapping, removing debris, delivering supplies, providing medical treatment, and evacuating casualties. Different types of rescue robots include aerial robots, firefighting robots, medical robots, path-clearing robots, snake-like robots, swarm robots, and more. Rescue robots use various technologies like sensors, motors, computers, and power sources to complete rescue missions.

1. Rescue Robot
Name: patel ohm
Current trends in IT
ROLL NO : 37

2. INTRODUCTION
 A rescue robot is a robot that has be designed for the purpose of rescuing people.
Common situations that empoly rescue robots are mining accidents, urban disasters,
hostage situations, and explosions.
 Rescue robots in development are being made with abilities such as searching, mapping,
removing, delivery of supplies, medical treatment, and evacuation of casualities.

3. How do robots work ?
 A basic typical robot has a movable physical structure, a motor of some sort, a sensor system, a power supply and a
computer "brain" that controls all of these elements. Essentially, robots are human-made versions of animal life — they
are machines that replicate human and animal behavior.
 Some robots use electric motors and solenoids as actuators; some use a hydraulic system; and some use a
pneumatic system (a system driven by compressed gases). Robots may use a combination of all these actuator
types. A robot needs a power source to drive these actuators.
 The main sources of electrical power for robots are batteries. The type of battery that is used for a robot varies
depending on the safety, life cycle, and weight. Lead acid batteries are common, as are silver cadmium batteries.

4. Types of rescue robot.
 Aerial rescue robot.
 Fire fighting robot.
 Marine rescue robot.
 Medical robot.
 Path opening robot.
 Snake opening robot.
 Sworm robot.

5. Aerial rescue robot
An Aerial rescue robot named Pars is being developed at RTS Lab.
Pars is an Aerial robot which is designed and made for saving
human lives. The first purpose of building the robot is the relief of
people drowning near coastlines. By developing its applications, it
can be used in ships and off shore reliefs.

6. Medical robot.
Medical robots assist with surgeries,
streamline clinical workflow and hospital
logistics, and enhance patient care and
workplace safety.
• Medical robots fall into several
categories: surgical assistance,
modular, and autonomous.
• Using robots in the medical field helps
improve patient care and outcomes
while increasing operational
efficiencies.
• Intel-powered robotics drive innovation
with AI-assisted surgery, automation,
and real-time patient data analytics.

7. Fire fighting robot.
A Fire Fighting Robot is simply a UGV(Unmanned
Ground Vehicle). The robot will be controlled by an
operator using a wireless remote, both mobility &
water monitor functions. The operator will have
visual feedback from on-board HD Cameras.
Firefighting robots can be used in many of the
following scenarios: Providing safe interior fire
operations on large commercial fires. Tackling
blazes on wood-framed structures under
construction. Establishing a structural defense
against wildfires.

8. Path rescue robot.
Path planning lets an autonomous vehicle or a
robot find the shortest and most obstacle-free path
from a start to goal state. The path can be a set of
states (position and orientation) or waypoints. Path
planning requires a map of the environment along
with start and goal states as input. The map can be
represented in different ways such as grid-maps,
state spaces, and topological roadmaps.

9. Snake opening robot.
CMU robotics professor Howie Choset and
systems scientist Matt Travers are the brains
behind Snakebot. Their creation can propel itself
into confined spaces that dogs and people cannot
reach.
In addition to urban search-and-rescue, snakebots
can move through and around pipes, giving them
potential applications in surveillance and
inspection of nuclear power plants and other
industrial plants. The robots also have been
tested for archaeological exploration.

10. Sworm robot.
Swarm robotics is the study of how to design
groups of robots that operate without relying on
any external infrastructure or on any form of
centralized control.
It was first coined by Gerardo Beni; professor at
University of California and Jing Wang in 1989 in
order to impart a notion of swarm intelligence to
cellular robotic systems. Like any other robot, a
swarm robot has two main organs; hardware and
software. Software is the brain of the system.

11. Industrial robot.
An industrial robot is one that has been
developed to automate intensive production
tasks such as those required by a constantly
moving assembly line. As large, heavy robots,
they are placed in fixed positions within an industrial
plant and all other worker tasks and processes
revolve around them.
An industrial robot increases speed for
manufacturing processes, in part by operating
24/7. Robots don't need breaks or shift changes.
The speed and dependability of robots ultimately
reduces cycle time and maximizes throughput.

12. Artificial intelligence robot
 AI is one of the technologies that has given mobile robotics and automation the biggest boost. It is about an AMR being
able to make efficient and flexible decisions in real time. Artificial intelligence applied to robotics offers a new way
for robots (software) to execute commands or tasks given to them.
 Robotics involves the creation of robots to perform tasks without further intervention, while AI is how systems emulate
the human mind to make decisions and 'learn. ' While you can have robotics with an AI element (and vice versa),
both can, and usually do, exist independently of each other.
 As such, they are looking at AI technologies such as NLP or computer vision to help make these bots more intelligent.
Bots that leverage machine learning and adapt to new information and data can be considered intelligent tools that can
significantly impact and increase the tasks performed rather than just bots.

13. Advantages
1. Better quality and consistency
Along with other tech — such as the industrial internet of things (IIoT) or 3D printing robots — industrial robots are able to provide better production quality and
more precise and reliable processes. Added benefits also include reduced cycle times and real-time monitoring to improve preventive maintenance practices.
2. Maximum productivity and throughput
An industrial robot increases speed for manufacturing processes, in part by operating 24/7. Robots don’t need breaks or shift changes. The speed and
dependability of robots ultimately reduces cycle time and maximizes throughput.
3. Greater safety
Using robots for repetitive tasks means fewer risks of injury for workers, especially when manufacturing has to take place under hostile conditions. In addition,
supervisors can oversee the process online or from a remote location.
4. Reduced direct labor costs
The cost of having a person handle many manufacturing operations is often more expensive than robot. This can also free up workers so their skills and
expertise can be used in other business areas, such as engineering, programming and maintenance.
5. Keeping manufacturing in the U.S.
Some argue that robots are taking jobs away from U.S. workers, but that's not necessarily the case. Industrial robots there are typically integrated into a series
of operations that require human expertise. For example, you could have a robot welding parts that are handed off to a person to perform a task that requires a
human's intuitive "if, then" thinking.

14. Disadvantages
1. High initial investment
Robots typically require a large upfront investment. As you research your business case for purchasing, consider all the
costs of industrial robots, including installation and configuration. You should also evaluate whether your robot can be
easily modified if you need to alter operation in the future.
2. Expertise can be scarce
Industrial robots need sophisticated operation, maintenance and programming. While the number of people with these
skills are growing, it's currently limited. As a result, it's important to consider the personnel investment you'll need to
make to bring in that expertise or “retool” your existing staff to take on the task.
3. Ongoing costs
While industrial robots may reduce some manufacturing labor costs, they do come with their own ongoing expenses,
such as maintenance. In addition, you’ll want to consider the costs to keep your robot and any related IIoT connected
devices protected from cyberthreats.

15. Application
In manufacturing industries, robotics are generally used for the fabrication, finishing, transfer and assembly of parts. In material
handling industries where finished products are prepared for distribution, robotics are used for picking, sorting, packaging and palletizing
of products.
 Materials Handling
Material handling robots are utilized to move, pack and select products. They also can automate functions involved in the transferring of
parts from one piece of equipment to another. Direct labor costs are reduced and much of the tedious and hazardous activities
traditionally performed by human labor are eliminated.
 Machine Tending
Robotic automation for machine tending is the process of loading and unloading raw materials into machinery for processing and
overseeing the machine while it does a job.
 Assembly
Robots routinely assemble products, eliminating tedious and tiresome tasks. Robots increase output and reduce operational costs.