This document discusses the differences between direct and indirect speech. [1] Direct speech reports someone's exact words, while indirect speech changes the tense and pronouns to report the general idea of what someone said without using their exact words. [2] The document provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech by modifying verbs and pronouns. [3] It also covers changing imperative statements and questions to the appropriate indirect speech forms.

1. DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH

2. DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST
01.
Aline said: “ I study twice a day.” Aline said (THAT) she studied twice a day.
SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT
02.
Aline said: “ I ate apples.” Aline said (THAT) she had eaten apples.
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
03.
Aline said: “ I have not eaten apples.” Aline said (THAT) she had not eaten apples.
SIMPLE FUTURE CONDITIONAL ( Future in the past)
04.
Aline said: “ Nicholas will study at UFPE”. Aline said (THAT) Nicholas would study at UFPE.
IMPERATIVE INFINITIVE
05.
Affirmative: Aline said: “ Close the door.” Affirmative: Aline told to Close the door.
Negative: Aline said to Allan: “Don’t cry.” Negative: Aline told Allan not to cry.”

3. Carla Bruni said: “ I am French first lady.”
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4. Carla Bruni said: “ I am French first lady.”
Carla Bruni said (THAT) she was French first lady.

5. IMPERATIVE FORM
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Play soccer.”
__________________
NEGATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Don’t lose it.”
____________________
Pelé said to Maraddona: “Do gym”.
______________________

6. IMPERATIVE FORM
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Play soccer.”
Pelé told to play soccer.
NEGATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Don’t lose it.”
____________________
Pelé said to Maraddona: “Do gym”.
__________________________

7. IMPERATIVE FORM
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Play soccer.”
Pelé told to play soccer.
NEGATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Don’t lose it.”
Pelé told not to lose it.
Pelé said to Maraddona: “Do gym”.
__________________________

8. IMPERATIVE FORM
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Play soccer.”
Pelé told to play soccer.
NEGATIVE FORM
Pelé said: “ Don’t lose it.”
Pelé told not to lose it.
Pelé said to Maraddona: “Do gym”.
Pelé told Maraddona to do gym.

9. Daddy said: “Did Alonso drive well?”

10. Daddy said: “Did Alonso drive well?”
Daddy asked if Alonso had driven well.
whether

11. ► DIRECT SPEECH
My mother said:
“ Where does Nicolas Sarkozy live?”

12. ► DIRECT SPEECH
My mother said:
“ Where does Nicolas Sarkozy live?”
► INDIRECT SPEECH
My mother asked where Nicolas Sarkozy lived.