Repair Rehabilitation and retro fitting in construction work detailed in this ppt. it is repair work of To increase life span of building. To increase life span of building. To preserve natural resource. To increase the level of quality of building systems so as to achieve compliance with functional requirements standards which are stricter than those planned. To improve the facilities depending upon the development that is taking place in the building engineering. To preserve natural resource. To increase the level of quality of building systems so as to achieve compliance with functional requirements standards which are stricter than those planned. To improve the facilities depending upon the development that is taking place in the building engineering. The study can be used by other building safety departments as a guide for their researches. The study can be used for further repair and rehabilitations techniques. The study will provide a first-hand information to other safety departments. A similar study may also be conducted in other areas also. A similar study may be conducted for the other factors which are necessary to be discussed for repair and strengthening of building. Such research can be very useful for the marketers in designing the repair strategies. Finding of the present research may be very useful in designing the repair and rehabilitation strategies, in other hilly areas like Baniha. Repair is the process of restoring something that is damaged or deteriorated or broken, to good condition Rehabilitation is the process of returning a building or an area to its previous good conditions (with respect to get actual strength of structure). Rehabilitation is the process of returning a building or an area to its previous good conditions (with respect to get actual strength of structure). Rehabilitation is the process of returning a building or an area to its previous good conditions (with respect to get actual strength of structure). Rehabilitation is the process of returning a building or an area to its previous good conditions (with respect to get actual strength of structure Change in the use of the structure Upgrading the structural mechanical and electrical system Deterioration of building envelope Structural damage or failure Upgrading building for lateral loads Reducing serviceability problems Government mandates Undoing the effect of botched renovations Preservation of historic property Chemical effects Mechanical causes Poor construction practices Faulty designs Natural calamities Inferior material Physical causes Delamination Cracks Swelling Spalling Rust Steel yielding Staining 1) Cracks in walls2) Settlement of tiles 3) Bend of slab4) Leakage in wall5) Leakage in slab6) Settlement of foundation7) Buckling of column8) Bend of beam9) Flaking of plaster10)Rusting of steel It is recommended for old buildings which have some signs like cracks, corrosion of embedded materials, etc. Therefore, timely

1. INDEX
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Scope of work
 Literature Review
 Methodology
 Case Study
 Conclusion
 References

2. INTRODUCTION:
 The success of repair activity depends on the
identification of the root cause of the
deterioration of the concrete structures. If this
cause is properly identified, satisfactory repairs
can be done for the improvement of strength and
durability, thus extending the life of the
structure, is not difficult to achieve. General
procedure in the repair of distressed concrete
structure.

3. CAUSES OF DETERIORATION OF
CONRETE STRUCTURES
 Chemical effect
 Mechanical causes
 Poor construction practices
 Natural calamities
 Weathering causes
 Concrete deterioration

4. OBJECTIVE
 To increase life span of building.
 To preserve natural resource.
 To increase the level of quality of building systems so as to
achieve compliance with functional requirements
standards which are stricter than those planned.
 To improve the facilities depending upon the development
that is taking place in the building engineering.

5. Scope of Work
1. The study can be used by other building safety departments as a guide for their
researches.
2. The study can be used for further repair and rehabilitations techniques.
3. The study will provide a first-hand information to other safety departments.
4. A similar study may also be conducted in other areas also.
5. A similar study may be conducted for the other factors which are necessary to be
discussed for repair and strengthening of building.
6. Such research can be very useful for the marketers in designing the repair strategies.
7. Finding of the present research may be very useful in designing the repair and
rehabilitation strategies, in other hilly areas like Baniha.


6. LITERATURE REVIEW
SR NO. AUTHOR NAME AND
YEAR
NAME OF PAPER JOURNAL SUMMARY
1. Wael W. El-Dakhakhni,
Ahmed A. Hamid,
Mohamed Elgaaly
(2019)
Seismic retrofit of
masonary infill walls
usingadvanced
composites
IJIRSET
Paper no - 3093
The auther state that the strength,
stiffness and ductility of masonary
infill walls need to be design as a
interaction between panel and
framed ramaticlly changes the
dynamic charectoristics of
composite structure under lateral
load.
2. M. J. Monteiro,
Prof.N.J.Pathak
(2017)
Sructural sound of
building
IJESEV.04,N0
06SPL,
Assessing the load carrying capacity
of building and of earthquake
resistance in old structures, and
structural soundness periodically as
well as checking feasibility of
change in occupancy for
construction of additional floors for
structural modification, or placing
higher capacity equipment's on
building

7. SR NO AUTHOR NAME AND
YEAR
NAME OF PAPER JOURNAL SUMMARY
3 Stephen P. Leatherman,
ArindamGan
Chowdhury,
Carolyn J. Robertson
(2015)
Wall of wind Full-
scale Destructive
Testing of Coastal
Houses and
Hurricane damage
Mitigation.
Volume 23,
Issue 5: pp
1211-1217
Conducting research to
better understand
simultenious hurricane
induce wind, rain and
debris effects on the
built environment will
lead to innovative
design technologies
that can mitigate
hurricane wind damage
the use all of wind
testing apparatus
developed by the IHRC.
4 Vilcekova S.,
Sedlakova A.,
Kapalo P.,
Culakova M.
(2013)
Analysis of
environmental and
social Aspects in
low Energy house.
13th SGMM Geo-
Conference ,
ISSN 1314-2704
Aim of the innovations
as not only energy
saving but also reduce
costs andpreserve
natural resources.

8. SR NO AUTHOR NAME AND YEAR NAME OF PAPER JOURNAL SUMMARY
5 Alcocer, S.M. and Jirsa
J.O(2010)
Strenght of reinforced
concrete frame
connections rehabilitated
by jacketing
Vol 90,N0.3,
pp. 249-261
The authors set their aim of
the innovations as not only
energy saving but also reduce
costs and preserve natural
resources. To determine
these aspects, it becomes
necessary to apply non-
destructive testing methods
6 P.C. Varghese(2010) Maintenance, Repair and
Rehabilitation and minor
works of buildings
PHI learning
Maintenance,
Repair.
Seismic retrofit of masonry
infill walls using advanced
composites. “The authors
state that the strength,
stiffness and ductility of
masonry infill walls needs to
be in design as the
interaction between panel
and frame dramatically
changes the dynamic.
characteristics of composite
structures under lateral loads

9. METHODOLOGY
 Field investigation by visual inspection.
 Test on structure.
 Repairing of structure.
 Test on deterioration structure.

10. 3R’S
REPAIR
REHABILETATION
RETRO FITTING

11. REPAIR :
Repair is the process of restoring
something that is damaged or
deteriorated or broken, to good
condition .
E.g.: plastering , resurfacing or painting , repairing
of doors and windows

12. REHABILITATION
Rehabilitation is the process of returning
a building or an area to its previous good
conditions (with respect to get actual
strength of structure).
E.g.: To fill the grouts in wide cracks, To fill the
epoxy in smaller cracks , concreting on large
damages

13. RETRO FITTING
Retrofitting is the process of addition of
new features to older buildings. It
includes increase the seismic resistivity
and increase lateral stability
E.g.: provide extra reinforcement, maintain the
loads uniformity of structure , applied strong
column beam method.

14. Advantages
 Increase life of the building.
 It is economical.
 It is pocket friendly
 Helps in increasing stability and sustainability
 Prepares the building to bear different weather condition
 Helps in strengthening and enhancement of the structure.

15. When to repair or renovate..?
 Change in the use of the structure
 Upgrading the structural mechanical and electrical system
 Deterioration of building envelope
 Structural damage or failure
 Upgrading building for lateral loads
 Reducing serviceability problems
 Government mandates
 Undoing the effect of botched renovations
 Preservation of historic property

16. Causes for deterioration of concrete
structures
 Chemical effects
 Mechanical causes
 Poor construction practices
 Faulty designs
 Natural calamities
 Inferior material
 Physical causes

17. Symptoms of deterioration
 Delamination
 Cracks
 Swelling
 Spalling
 Rust
 Steel yielding
 Staining

18. Faulty design
Improper joints Congestion of steel

19. Improper joints Improper joints

20. Poor construction practices
poor detailing column out of plumb

21. Honey combs inadequate concrete

22. Actual site visit at Bhingar, Ahmednagar

23. Testing material properties by NDT and
destructive test
 Hammer test/ rebound hammer
 Pulse velocity test
 Concrete core sampling and testing

24. REBOUND HAMMER TEST
Test Schmidt rebound hammer test was carried out to measure the quality of near surface
concrete. The hammer was used only to compare the quality of concrete in different locations of a
concrete member. The rebound hammer test was carried out on all the location where the UPV test was
conducted and also at the additional points in between for the selected location of the column, beams
and slabs. All the locations were prepared and
cleaned to ensure complete removal of laitance and loose particles.
PULSE VELOCITY TEST
UPV test was carried out at various points of beams and columns to assess the quality of concrete,
integrity of concrete and honey combing. To carry out the test the surface of the selected column
beams and slab locations were marked with grid lines at a regular spacing of 300 mm on vertical and
300 mm on horizontal face. The area around the grid points was smeared with grease, so that a smooth
plain concrete surface was available for holding the transducer. The transit time of the ultrasonic pulse
velocity was read from the digital indicator. It was found from the result of UPV test that the values in
the slab portion of ground floor and first floor are very low, it has maximum value of 2.59 and
minimum value of 1.39 and average of 1.99 and falls in the category of poor to satisfactory. The UPV
reading for beams varies from 3.99 maximum to 3.37 minimum and average of 3.17 which falls with
in the category of satisfactory to good. For slabs the UPV values varies from 4.11 maximum to 3.2
minimum and average of 3.74 which also falls with in the category of satisfactory to good.

25. CONCRETE CORE SAMPLING AND TESTING
Core sampling test is the most appropriate method to assess the strength of insitu reinforced
concrete construction. Concrete core samples of diameter 77 mm and of sufficient length
were extracted using an electrically operated core drilling machine and diamond core drill
bits from different members of the structure to asses the quality/ strength of insitu concrete.
The locations were chosen so that they were representative of good concrete as well as the
badly affected portions. The extracted core samples were subjected to compressive strength
tests after necessary trimming and capping.

26. Some failures in civil structures
1) Cracks in walls
2) Settlement of tiles
3) Bend of slab
4) Leakage in wall
5) Leakage in slab
6) Settlement of foundation
7) Buckling of column
8) Bend of beam
9) Flaking of plaster
10)Rusting of steel

27. Cracks in wall

28. Settlement of tiles

29. Leakage in walls

30. Leakage in slab

31. Settlement of foundation

32. Buckling of column

33. Flacking of plaster

34. Rusting of steel

35. CASE STUDY
REBOUND HAMMER TEST RESULTS :
BE civil class
column 1= 44 N/mm2[450X450]
Column 2=38N/mm2 [750X750mm]
Wall = 29 N/mm2
Column 3= 39N/mm2
Beam 1= 40 N/mm2
Beam 2= 36 N/mm2
Column outer 1= 21 N/mm2
Column outer 2 =31N/mm2
Column outer 3 =43N/mm2
Column outer 4 =32N/mm2
Stair case lobby wall = 44 N/mm2
Passage wall = 40 N/mm2

36. COMPUTER DEPARTMENT
Wall = 29 N/mm2
Column 1 = 44 N/mm2 [450X450mm]
Wall = 45 N/mm2
Corner column =32 N/mm2 [500mm]

37. Round column
Column 1 = 32 N/mm2 [500mm]
Column 2 = 26 N/mm2 [500mm]
Column 3 = 38 N/mm2 [500mm]
Column 4 = 40 N/mm2 [500mm]

38. Conclusion :
1. It is recommended for old buildings which have some signs like cracks, corrosion of embedded
materials, etc. Therefore, timely maintenance of structures is required.
2. It is advisable to monitor the building health periodically if any future expansion or live load
increase by taking a professional opinion. Non- destructive testing should be carried out if
buildings found deteriorated and damaged over time.
3. R.C.C retrofitting technique is significant improvement in moment resisting capacity, shear
strength capacity in Beam and Axil load carrying capacity in column, but dead load is increased
and carpet area is reducing.
4. R.C.C structures can be strengthened by micro concrete and additional reinforcement with Epoxy
resin concrete bonding agent
5. Added concrete should be non-shrinkage with characteristics of a self-compacting, high strength
and high durability concrete.
6. So micro concrete is used to satisfy the above requirements.

39. REFERANCE
 Mr. pava n D. tikate. Dr S.N.tande “Repair and rehabilitation of structure”
International journal of engineering science and research technology
2014.Vol.3(Issue NO.10), PP511-515
 P.C.Varghese(2014) book on “maintainance , repair , and rehabilitation and
minor works of building” published by PHI learning PVT Ltd.
 Indian standard:516:1956-method of test for strength of concrete
 KumarLal Babau, Rajeev Kumar, N.V.(2012),All India Seminar on repairs and
rehabilitation of concrtete structures, pp 56-70.
 Handbook of repair and Rehabilitation of RCC Building
 Yogendra Singh, Ratnesh Kumar, Earthquake resistant designand construction
practices in India.(http://nidm.gov.in/idmc2/PDF/Abstracts/EQ-A1.pdf)