Block diagram reduction techniques in control systems.ppt
Remote Monitoring and Analytics for Cloud-Based Drip Saline Fluid Management System
1. International Conference on Multidisciplinary
Research in Technology and Management - MRTM 23
22nd & 23rd September 2023
Remote Monitoring and Analytics for Cloud-
Based Drip Saline Fluid Management
System
Presented
by
M. Birunda
Co-Authors:
J. Gnanasoundharam
G. Sudha
J. Alphas Jeba Singh
Dr. E. N. Ganesh
C. Srinivasan
Paper Id : 1697
3. INTRODUCTION
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• The everyday duty of monitoring hospitalized patients under the existing healthcare system is taxing. Unfortunately, due to time
constraints, medical staff cannot always keep close tabs on every one of their patients [1]. Many issues arise as a result of this.
Work in the health sector has to be carried out correctly and precisely
• The automated saline monitoring device will relieve nurses of the burden of constantly checking on patients injected with saline
[2]. Because the suggested structure is almost entirely automated, no central effort or human intervention is needed.
• An IoT device monitors the level of saltwater in a container and turns off the water when it drops too low [3]. For this purpose, a
piezoresistive sensor is positioned at the bottle's base. Due to its high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, strength, and
environmental resistance, piezoresistive sensors are used as innovative sensors in this application.
• It uses a microcontroller to monitor the patient's saline level automatically and can be controlled by an Android OS smartphone
[4]. A nurse cannot monitor every hospital patient. To prevent nerve damage. The device monitors saline levels and informs
nurses.
• The saline level must be monitored since blood leaks into the solution when the bottle is empty, and the needle is not removed
[5]. Despite their negligence, the hospital staff did not fill the saline container.
• Mainly because of this irresponsibility and any internal condition, the order of forgetting the injury from the case vein is ignored
and drives a person to murder. Telehealth services may need remote observation. Saline level Auto Mode and blood flow
detector make up our system.
• A microcontroller-based saline flow rate monitoring device is discussed in [6]. Serial port testing software allows for wireless data
transmission to a caregiver's or doctor's computer, where it may provide information such the rate at which saline droplets are
released from the bottle, the number of droplets released, the volume of saline solution administered, and the remaining time in
the bottle
4. INTRODUCTION
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• The system may become reliant on the nurses. It may be reused. Doctors and staff at remote hospitals benefit. From afar, nurses
can check saline levels. It's beneficial at night since nurses don't have to monitor the bottle's saline level
• Real time monitoring, fluid flow regulation, and automated saline container change are all planned to be automated via a single
window system based on Android and IoT [7].
• Several intravenous fluids may be administered simultaneously using a microcontroller and IoT single-window flow control. The
next generation of nurses and caregivers will appreciate the convenience of this development, which will make it easier for them
to keep tabs on patients' intravenous feedings
• An IoT- based saline infusion monitoring device that may significantly increase patient safety by notifying healthcare practitioners
if the saline level drops below 10% [8]. T
• he system consists of sensors to track vitals, including blood pressure and pulse rate, and a remote monitoring connection
module to relay any necessary alerts.
• The device automatically shuts off the saline infusion to protect the vein if the level drops too low. This system's efficacy may
reduce the necessity for constant monitoring and administration
5. LITERATURE REVIEW
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• The infusion pump monitors the rate of saline outflow from the bottle, replacing the manual technique. Monitor the bottle's fluid
level [9]
• To monitor and controls the saline bottle utilizing wireless transfer. The alternatives are manual labor and the doctor's frequent
admission into the patient's room, which is unsafe during the epidemic. It's simpler for doctors to monitor patients when IoT
manages and controls the whole process.
• Intravenous therapy pumps intravenous fluids into veins. It is a rapid and efficient approach to providing fluids in emergencies
and to individuals who cannot swallow pills [10]. In healthcare, IV drip systems are often checked and updated. It presented an
IoT-based Automatic IV Monitor and Control System to save nurse burden and prevent blood backflow. The suggested approach
may solve several IV treatment issues, reducing patient anxiety, medical staff effort, and satisfaction
• In intravenous (IV) treatment, a needle is put into a patient's vein, and a tubing system is used to deliver liquid substances
(medications) [11]. Drip chambers regulate the rate at which a drug enters a vein while preventing air from entering the vein. In
subsequent treatments, an IV drip will likely be the norm. However, it can be used for less extensive treatments, such as giving
patients medication or fluids to help them feel better quickly. In addition to treating electrolyte imbalances, intravenous treatment
can provide other medications
6. LITERATURE REVIEW
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• The saline solution control and monitoring system designed, developed, and tested so far may serve as a model for future
implementations [12].
• The remotely monitored saline level device is applicable in nearby hospital wards. Using the Bed Number and ward information,
the software inside this proposed system may set up a local management system for every ward, allowing staff to track key
performance indicators on a centrally located personal computer (PC) and to count saline droplets from a central location [13].
• An external keypad may be connected to the unit for more precise load cell calibration. After implementing the system at local
hospitals, physicians can get SMS alerts when the IV bag's saline level drops and the IV tubing will be closed to prevent blood
backflow until attend to the patient
• The saline solution level in the bottle may be monitored using a solenoid valve. A patient's pulse, blood pressure, temperature,
and oxygen levels may be tracked by a doctor or nurse using a computer or Smartphone [14].
• The proposed system requires little involvement from humans due to its automation. Particularly in large hospitals where just a
few nurses take care of several patients, this is crucial. This approach is thus intuitive and can be utilized by laypeople with little
instruction. It might be used in the subsequent saline container
• In most hospitals, nurses or staff checks drip levels. The observer may need to remember to replace the bottle due to their busy
schedule [15].
• Even with additional shifts, nurses couldn't manually check every patient's drip conditions and level throughout the epidemic.
Nurses' neglect killed several people. Automating such critical operations would improve healthcare. The proposed controller-
based IoT leak Monitor System simplifies measuring and eliminates leak bubbles to address this crucial scenario
7. PROPOSED SYSTEM
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• Working of system
• The Raspberry Pi performs as the main controller unit of the system, coordinating the many sensors (such as flow rate sensors
and vital sign monitors). In real time, it can monitor the patient's heart rate, blood pressure, and other vitals. The data is
processed locally on a Raspberry Pi, where basic filtering, calibration, and analytics are performed to ensure its quality and
dependability. The information is then sent to a remote server for analysis and storage.
• Cloud connectivity allows Doctors and nurses to monitor fluid treatment parameters in real time through user-friendly interfaces.
The data is analyzed by advanced statistical software, which spots patterns, anomalies, and possible problems. The system
constantly monitors the data to detect any unusual behavior or parameter abnormalities. Raspberry Pi creates anomalous alerts
to warn healthcare practitioners of abnormalities.
• The system's capacity for remote management and monitoring is one of its primary benefits. Fluid treatment can be monitored in
real-time by doctors from anywhere in the world because of the cloud's convenient accessibility. As an outcome of this flexibility,
the healthcare system is more effective and can react quickly to emergencies
• Integrating these systems improves patient care by allowing for a more complete picture of their health to be compiled. The
system is designed to improve the monitoring and control of the distribution of intravenous saline solutions by combining sensor
integration, local data processing stored in the cloud and analytics, the creation of aberrant notification alerts, and remote
access.
• It gives doctors’ access to information in real-time, helps keep patients safe by identifying unusual patterns quickly, and makes
medical facilities run more smoothly.
8. PROPOSED SYSTEM
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• Methods and Materials
• The many sensors in the system are shown here, such as the flow rate sensor, the volume sensor, and the vital sign sensors.
These sensors constantly monitor the infusion rate, the amount of saline solution, and the patient's vitals. The main of the system
is reflected by its central processing unit. It takes in information from the sensors and processes it locally.
• The analytics and data storage platform hosted in the cloud is shown here. Data transferred from Raspberry Pi is stored in
encrypted form in servers and databases. With the cloud's scalable storage, data can be kept for an extended period and
processed by sophisticated analytics systems
• Figure 1 shows the workflow diagram of the proposed methodology
Fig.1 Workflow
Sensor Module
Raspberry pi
Cloud
infrastructure
Healthcare
providers
Display
9. PROPOSED SYSTEM
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• This part supports the monitor or other user interface at the patient's bedside. Infusion saline fluid management data and
alarms are received in real-time. The state of the fluid treatment can be communicated to the patient and medical staff through
visual indications, alerts, and notifications
• Medical professionals can use the cloud's space, analytics, and accessibility. With an online dashboard, a mobile app, and a
patient monitor, fluid treatment parameters and aberrant alerts can be tracked in real-time and shown
• Table 1 gives a quick reduction of the hardware that makes up the proposed solution for remote monitoring and analysis of drip
saline fluid management. The system consists of a central processing unit (Raspberry Pi), various sensors for tracking fluid
parameters and vital signs, a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, a user interface for tracking and visualizing data,
and a bedside monitor for the patient
• TABLE I HARDWARE DESCRIPTION FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
Component Description
Raspberry Pi The central processing unit for data collection and processing
Flow Rate Sensor Measures the rate of fluid flow through the administration system
Volume Sensor Tracks the amount of fluid infused into the patient's body
Vital Sign Monitoring Sensors Capture physiological parameters during fluid therapy
Cloud Infrastructure Provides secure storage and analytics capabilities
Web Dashboard The user interface for real-time monitoring and visualization
Mobile Application Optimized interface for mobile devices
Patient Monitor Display system near the patient's bedside
Internet Connectivity Enables data transmission between components and the cloud
10. PROPOSED SYSTEM
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• IoT with Cloud
• The suggested solution is to streamline the tracking and management of saline drips using IoT and cloud computing. IoT devices
like Raspberry Pi and sensor components record real-time data on fluid treatment parameters.
• The captured data is securely sent to the cloud infrastructure using IoT protocols.
• To facilitate remote access and monitoring, the system makes use of cloud-based tools, such as a web-based dashboard and a
mobile app. By providing access to real-time data, analytics visualization, and alerts and notifications, these methods help
medical professionals’ better monitor and control fluid treatment.
• A reliable Internet connection is essential for the smooth operation of the IoT devices' ability to communicate to the cloud. It
allows for secure data transfer and system access from anywhere in the world.
• The system improves drip saline fluid management in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and safety by integrating IoT and cloud
technologies.
• Improving patient care and health outcomes is the outcome of this technology, which equips healthcare practitioners with real-
time data, sophisticated analytics, and remote monitoring
12. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
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• Implementation
• There are a number of essential steps and parts that make up the system's actual implementation. The first step is the design
and planning of the system, during which the needs and objectives of the system are specified. The Raspberry Pi, several
sensor modules, and a display system are all chosen and installed as part of the hardware phase.
• To enable interaction between IoT devices and the cloud, data transmissions in cloud servers are put into place. In order to
process and evaluate the gathered data in real-time, analytics algorithms are built and installed on the cloud infrastructure.
• Healthcare providers can access and analyze the system from a distance thanks to a web monitor and smartphone interfaces
that display the data.
• Healthcare practitioners are given training and assistance before implementing the system in the intended setting, such as a
hospital or other healthcare facility. The system's performance is constantly monitored, and user input is collected to make
adjustments and enhancements as needed.
• The "Time" column indicates the current time, the "Patient ID" column displays the patient's unique identifier, the "Saline Level
(mL)" column displays the saline level as measured in milliliters (mL), the "Threshold (mL)" column displays the threshold value,
and the "Alert Status" column displays whether or not an alert has been triggered
13. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
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• Table 2 shows the measured saline levels with patient identification numbers, threshold values, and alert states.
TABLE II SALINE LEVEL MEASUREMENTS
• The system's ability to gather and monitor data on drip saline fluid delivery in real-time improves the accuracy of traditional
manual approaches. It is possible to prevent under or over-infusion by measuring the flow rate, the amount infused, and the
patient's vital signs to keep a careful monitor on the treatment and make necessary adjustments.
• Continuous real-time monitoring and anomaly alerts make it feasible to react quickly to dangerous situations. Timely reporting
in the case of abnormal parameters or changes from expected values is essential for ensuring patient safety and lowering the
risk of adverse outcomes
Time
Patient
ID
Saline
Level
(mL)
Threshold
(mL)
Alert
Status
09:00 AM 001 100 150 No alert
09:15 AM 002 90 150 No alert
09:30 AM 003 85 150 No alert
09:45 AM 004 80 100 Low Saline Alert
10:00 AM 005 75 100 Low Saline Alert
14. CONCLUSIONS
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• The system utilizes of IoT, cloud, and sensor technologies to monitor and control drip saline fluid administration. The sensors in
the system capture and monitor data such as flow rate and volume in real time, as well as vital signs. Advanced analytics
methods in the cloud continuously evaluate and analyze data as it receives.
• The system's many advantages include more precise monitoring, earlier identification of anomalies, excellent patient safety,
more efficient administration of fluid treatment, remote access and cooperation, and data-driven decisions.
• The technology enables healthcare practitioners to make intelligent decisions, modify treatment as necessary, and deliver
optimum patient care via real-time monitoring, timely notifications, and important insights.
• Hardware installation, software development, cloud platform configuration, data transfer integration, analysis and visualization,
testing, and installation are all part of the system's implementation.
• The system can be easily incorporated into healthcare settings with a comprehensive and performed implementation procedure,
giving medical professionals reliable resources for controlling the administration of drip saline solutions.
• Ultimately, the suggested system is a visual approach for optimizing patient results and quality services by better monitoring,
managing, and protecting drip saline fluid treatment
15. REFERENCES
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16. REFERENCES
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[9] A. A. Gnanadas, K. Indhumathi, M. Boopal, and R. S. Saranya, “Internet of Things based Development of Continuous Saline
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